JPS5857540B2 - Electrodynamic cleaning method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a cleaning method, and more particularly to a cleaning method in which electrokinetic phenomena are directly applied to cleaning objects such as textile products.

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, there have been two main types of cleaning methods for cleaning cloth and the like.

One of them is the hand washing method (hand washing, board washing, brush washing, patting washing, grasping washing, and basting washing, etc.)
The other is a cleaning method using a machine, that is, a cleaning method using an electric washing machine such as a Kakuhan type, a jet type, a spiral type, and a rotating cylindrical type.

However, all conventional cleaning methods, including the above-mentioned two cleaning methods, mechanically move the object to be washed or the washing bath, causing tangential stress at the interface between the object to be washed and the liquid, thereby causing dirt to be detached. It is something.

Therefore, it had the following drawbacks. That is, (1) Poiseuille flow occurs, so there is an immobile layer of liquid at the interface between the object to be washed and the liquid, and no matter how strong the force is applied, the actual force applied to the dirt particles is small.

In other words, the utilization efficiency of mechanical energy is low.

Further, minute dirt particles of about 0.1 lt are not removed.

(2) No matter how much force is used to push the liquid away from the outside, there is almost no flow of the liquid inside or in hidden parts of the object to be washed, such as cloth.

Therefore, particles adhering to these parts are not removed.

(3) Similar to (2), since there is no flow of liquid, dirt on the edges of the uneven surfaces of the object to be washed is not removed.

(4) When mechanical washing methods such as massaging or washing with a tumbler are applied to cloth, the cloth is severely deformed and flows within the surface.

Therefore, the damage to the cloth is extremely severe, and the more severely the cloth is bent to increase the cleaning efficiency, the more the damage is caused.

(5) Once removed, the dirt in the washing bath adheres to the items to be washed (recontamination).

The present invention has been made to eliminate all of the above-mentioned drawbacks.
This method aims to directly apply electrokinetic phenomena to cleaning from a new perspective that is completely different from conventional cleaning methods.

That is, when an electric field is applied in the tangential direction at the interface between a liquid and a solid, relative sliding motion occurs in that direction.

This so-called electrodynamic phenomenon is used to remove dirt particles adhering to textile products such as cloth.

The electrokinetic phenomenon herein refers to electrophoresis and electroosmosis, both of which are irreversible processes that combine electrical and mechanical effects.

The present invention applies electroosmosis, a phenomenon in which a solid wall is stationary and a liquid moves during an electrodynamic phenomenon.

A comparison of the principles of the cleaning method of the present invention and conventional cleaning methods is as follows.

If the gaps between threads or fibers constituting cloth or the like are regarded as capillaries, the removal of dirt particles adhering to the capillary walls is governed by the flow behavior of the washing liquid within the capillaries.

According to the basic equation of fluid mechanics regarding viscous flow, the steady flow velocity U at a level r from the axis in a cylinder (radius a) is given by the following equation.

In the conventional cleaning method, equation (7) is expressed as X (electric field) O, and Boiseuille's linear velocity distribution equation for the carrier is obtained (Figure 1a).

On the other hand, in the electroosmosis according to the present invention, it is because p (pressure) -〇.

For r = a, u = O at ψ - ζ and ψ 20 at a distance a −r 21 / (thickness of the double layer) from the wall, so that the piston is at constant speed in most of the tube. It becomes fluid (Fig. 1b).

As described above, in the usual washing method, the flow of the washing liquid in the capillary tube is Poiseuille flow, and the flow velocity profile gives a conveyance line (FIG. 1a).

Therefore, if the dirt particles attached to the capillary wall are minute,
Removal is difficult because the hydrodynamic forces acting on the particles are small.

In fact, it is said that it is extremely difficult to remove particles of 0.1 μm or less using normal cleaning methods.

Similarly, in order to discuss the principle of the present invention, it is assumed that particles with a diameter of 1 μm or less are attached to the capillary wall.

The radius of a capillary when the fiber gap is regarded as a capillary is approximately 4 μ, according to the results of measurement using the mercury intrusion method on cotton cloth.

This is roughly illustrated in Figure 1.

If the electrolyte concentration of the washing solution is 10-2 mol/l, the flow velocity will be constant at a distance of 30 people from the wall, and this distance is sufficiently small compared to the particle diameter, so the particles will be hydrodynamically It can receive strong force and can be removed.

Since the removed particles are electrically charged, they undergo electrophoresis in the washing solution, which may prevent them from re-adhering to the capillary wall.

Furthermore, since the mechanical force can be easily controlled by the strength of the electric field, it is considered to be advantageous for theoretical analysis of the cleaning action.

Furthermore, since the fabric is not deformed, there is less damage.

In addition, when using such a cleaning method, the object to be washed is recontaminated by contaminants eluted from the electrodes, especially the anode, but the object to be washed may be recontaminated by an insulating water-resistant holding means having one or more holes. By providing this, it is possible to effectively clean the items to be washed and prevent re-contamination.

Furthermore, in addition to this, covering the anode with a magnetic cylinder or providing a cellophane film or the like can also help prevent recontamination of the items to be washed.

The present invention has been made based on the above recognition.

That is, the gist of the present invention is to position the object to be washed facing the electrodes in a washing bath having electrodes at both ends, and to cause electroosmosis in the object by applying an electric field with the electrodes. 1. An electrodynamic cleaning method, characterized in that the object to be washed is held by an insulating, water-resistant holding means having one or more holes.

The water permeability holding means used in the present invention may be any insulating material that does not allow the washing liquid to pass through, and generally a plastic partition plate or the like is used.

Further, as the object to be washed used in the present invention, any object made of fiber (for example, cloth) can be used, and metal conductors cannot generally be used, but semiconductors and insulators may be used.

In addition to the above-mentioned fibers, for example, highly precise electronic parts such as semiconductor transistors and integrated circuits, capillary tubes such as Teflon and glass, and glass fibers (blood vessel substitutes, artificial kidneys, etc.)
Optical fiber (optical fiber, etc.) capillary systems, precision instruments, medical ampoules, and chemical glass instruments are used as objects to be washed in the present invention.

The electrodes used in the present invention may be commonly used electrodes, but
One preferred electrode includes a carbon electrode, preferably of good quality.

The voltage used in the cleaning method of the present invention is between 30 and 100 volts, preferably between 50 and 100 volts.

The electroosmotic flow rate becomes faster as the electric field is higher, but if it exceeds 100 volts, the washing liquid will be contaminated by the electrode reaction, and the electrodes will be significantly worn out.

Below 30 volts, the flow rate is too slow.

Further, direct current is preferable to alternating current.

Alternating current is less preferable than direct current because it significantly increases the temperature of the washing liquid and has to be suppressed.

All surfactants except cationic surfactants can be used in the washing liquid used in the present invention, such as DBS, soap, SDS, etc., and any surfactant commonly used for washing may be used.

Further, it is more effective if the surfactant concentration is higher than the critical micelle concentration of the surfactant.

For example, the concentration of DBS is 1O-3 to 1O-2 mol/13
1 preferably 3 x 1.0-3 x 10-2 mol/l.

The temperature of the washing liquid during washing in the present invention is 20 to 60°C, preferably 40 to 50°C.

If the temperature is lower than 20°C, solid fats and oils will not be desorbed, and if the temperature exceeds 60'C, the cleaning efficiency will not increase much, and on the contrary, the loss of thermal energy will be large, which is not preferable.

The washing time in the present invention is 30 to 150 minutes, preferably 50 to 120 minutes.

Even after 150 minutes, the cleaning rate did not increase any further;
If the time is less than 0 minutes, the cleaning effect will be small.

In the present invention, as a means to prevent the object to be washed from being contaminated by contaminants eluted from the electrode (particularly the anode) and reducing the apparent cleaning rate, an insulating material having one or more holes is used. It is essential to hold the items to be washed using a water permeable holding means, such as a partition plate.

Regarding the size and number of holes, it is preferable to make a certain number of small holes.

This is because, under certain conditions, one hole has a certain effective cleaning area.

In other words, when the number of holes is too small, the ratio of parts that are far away from the holes and difficult to clean is small, and when the number of holes is too large, the contaminated area increases, and in either case, the overall cleaning rate is low. Become.

The cleaning efficiency is maximized when the effective cleaning area of one hole is arranged so that it does not overlap or separate from other holes too much.

Further, for the same reason as above, a porcelain cylinder, a cellophane membrane, a sequestering agent, an ion exchange resin, etc. may be used as appropriate in the washing bath.

That is, by covering the anode with a porcelain cylinder, the flow of contaminants from the anode is prevented, thereby suppressing contamination of the items to be washed.

Further, metal ions eluted from the anode turn into hydroxides in the washing liquid, which also contributes to contamination of the objects to be washed.

This cellophane membrane, which does not allow metal hydroxides to pass through, also acts as a barrier against metal hydroxides during the washing bath, further suppressing contamination. Effectively advantageous.

Sequestering agents and ion exchange resins enhance the cleaning effect of items to be washed, but cellophane membranes are generally more effective.

EXAMPLES The present invention will be explained below with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples.

(Experimental method) 1) Sample Artificially contaminated fabrics were prepared according to the Japan Oil Chemists' Association method.

The cotton cloth, carbon black, and beef tallow used were standard products from Japan Oil Chemistry Association, and the carbon black was Soxhlet extracted with ether for 10 hours.

The contaminated cloth was stored in a desicake and used for experiments 10 to 30 days after preparation.

Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid I-I as a surfactant
Jum (DBS) was used.

The critical micelle concentration (cmc) of DBS is 36 mmol/1
(21°C, conductivity method).

For the other reagents, commercially available special grade chemical reagents were used as they were.

The water used in the experiment was ion-exchanged water that was twice distilled using a hard glass distillation apparatus.

2) Experimental equipment and methods The outline of the experimental apparatus is shown in Fig. 2.

The mole for electrodynamic cleaning is made by gluing vinyl chloride plates with methylene chloride, and the size is 10 to 771X5CrfL.
×4CrfL.

As shown in Figure 2, a contaminated cloth (3 (5 Cm x 5
c/rL), one piece of l, and stand it up in the center of the cell.

Fill the cell with washing liquid and place it in the thermostat.

When an electric field is applied by electrodes 1a and Ib at both ends of the cell, electroosmosis occurs in the fabric and dirt is removed.

Rinse the cleaning cloth with LOOML distilled water for 1 minute.
The cleaning rate D1.00 (RW
R8)/(R□R8) was calculated.

Here, RQ, Rs, and Rw are the reflectances of the original cloth, contaminated cloth, and cleaning cloth, respectively.

For comparison, cleaning was also carried out using a cleaning tester.

That is, 100ml of cleaning solution was mixed with contaminated cloth (5Crn x 5C).
rrL) and 1 piece of Showa Heavy Industries S J K Lava-
4 with do Meter (42rp - 10 steel balls used)
Washed at 0°C for 30 minutes.

After washing, rinsing was performed twice for 1 minute in 100 ml of distilled water.

Example 1 A comparison was made using platinum, gold, copper, aluminum, and carbon electrodes as electrodes.

The gold electrode is made by covering an acrylic resin plate with gold leaf.
Copper and aluminum are commercially available plates each having a thickness of 01 to 0.2 mm, and the carbon electrode is a commercially available product having a thickness of ICrIL.

When a gold electrode is used, the cleaning rate tends to increase with time, but with a carbon electrode, the cleaning rate is high for a short time of 1 to 2 hours, but it actually decreases after 3 to 4 hours.

Further, there is a difference in cleaning rate between the hole portion of the diaphragm plate, that is, the center C portion and the P portion around the hole, and the cleaning rate of the P portion is higher than that of the C portion.

This is thought to be caused by contamination from the electrodes.

When copper was used as an electrode, a cleaning effect was clearly observed in the P part, but the C part was colored blue.

When an aluminum plate was used as an electrode, a cleaning effect was observed, but a white precipitate was formed, making it unsuitable as an electrode.

Also, platinum electrodes had a cleaning effect, but the electrodes were worn out after repeated use.

This means that gold or platinum electrodes are the best, but if used for a long time, the electrodes will wear out significantly.
It is inappropriate because it is expensive.

From the above points of view, inexpensive carbon electrodes are relatively preferable.

FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the cleaning time and the cleaning rate of the gold electrode and carbon electrode at a direct current of 50 V, 1 DBS, and 3 mmol/11 degrees.

Example 2 3m mal/2 in 1DBS solution using carbon electrode
．． FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the cleaning rate and the applied DC voltage when electroosmosis was performed for 5 hours.

The cleaning rate increases as the voltage increases, but when the voltage exceeds 50V, the cleaning rate does not increase much.

There is a difference in cleaning rate between part C of the hole in the partition plate and part P around it, and at 1oov, the cleaning rate of part C is lower than that of part P.

From this result, it was confirmed that around 50V is appropriate.

When the voltage was kept constant at 50 V and a comparison was made between AC and DC, the results shown in Table 1 were obtained (carbon electrode, 2.5 hours).

Although there is a slight difference in the cleaning rate between the C section and the P section, there is no major difference in the cleaning rate between direct current and alternating current.

The temperature of the washing was adjusted to 40±50° C. at the start of the experiment using a constant temperature bath.

CDB5. ]=30 m mold/11, the current was a maximum of 480 mA in direct current and 1350 mA in alternating current, so the temperature increase in alternating current was significant and reached 99.5°C.

In the case of direct current, even if the cell is immersed in a constant temperature bath at 40° C., the temperature will not rise as much as in the case of alternating current, and it is easy to keep the temperature constant by cooling.

From the above results, it was confirmed that direct current is more suitable than alternating current, and that a voltage of around 50V is appropriate.

Example 3 The relationship between the cleaning rate and temperature is shown in Table 2 when electroosmosis was carried out for 2.5 hours at a DBS concentration of 3 mmol/12 seconds with a DC applied voltage of 50 μ and the temperature of the cleaning solution changed.

DBS concentration is 3 mmol for easy temperature control.
/! ! Therefore, the cleaning rate is generally low, but at 20℃ and 50℃
36℃ is higher than ℃.

As can be seen from Table 1, the cleaning rate does not increase even at high temperatures of 90°C or higher, so it seems that there is almost no temperature effect at temperatures of 60'C or higher.

Example 4 FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the cleaning rate and time when electroosmosis was performed using a carbon electrode at an applied DC voltage of 50 μm and a cleaning bath temperature of 40° C.

When the DBS concentration was low, the cleaning rate increased over time, but at a high concentration (30 mmol/l), the cleaning rate became extremely steep over time.

Although there is a tendency for the maximum to occur in a shorter time in the central part (part C) than in the peripheral part (part P), there is no decrease in the cleaning rate in the P part up to 2.5 hours at any DBS concentration.

Therefore, when the time is kept constant, it is not preferable to exceed 2.5 hours.

Example 5 The cleaning rate ~ (DBS) curve when using a carbon electrode was
Shown in the figure.

There is a tendency for the cleaning rate to increase rapidly when CDBS, ) > cmc.

The curve marked with ○ is the result of cleaning under normal conditions using a cleaning tester.

The marked curve is the result when no electric field is applied, that is, when electroosmosis is not occurring.

As can be seen from this figure, although it is still not as good as the cleaning tester, it can be seen that the effect is almost comparable to that of the cleaning tester.

In addition, the applied DC voltage and washing liquid temperature were 50 V, respectively.
The temperature is 40°C.

Example 6 Applied DC voltage 50v1 Cleaning time 150 minutes, DBS concentration 3
Under the conditions of 0 mM/IJ and a washing bath temperature of 40 to 50 °C,
Using a low-quality carbon electrode as an electrode, in addition to the apparatus shown in FIG. 2, a carbon anode was placed in a porcelain cylinder with a diameter of 5 CrfL and attached to the cell for electroosmotic cleaning.

The turbidity of the washing liquid at this time is quite different between the inside and outside of the porcelain cylinder, and the turbidity of the washing liquid outside the cylinder is considerably lower than the turbidity of the liquid inside the cylinder (Fig. 7, mark △). .

Table 3 shows a comparison of cleaning rates with and without a porcelain cylinder.

As can be seen from the table, the cleaning rate around the hole in the partition plate (P part) is almost the same, but there is a difference in the cleaning rate in the center (C) part. Pollution is decreasing.

However, in this example, since a low-quality carbon electrode is used, contamination from the electrode is not completely prevented.

This indicates that contaminants migrate into the wash solution through the pores of the porcelain cylinder.

Since carbon particles that had fallen off from the carbon electrode were observed to be deposited on the bottom of the porcelain cylinder, it was thought that impurities in the carbon electrode were the cause.

When the washing liquid was subjected to atomic absorption spectrometry, metals such as zinc, copper, iron, and magnesium were detected as shown in Table 4.

Since such metals are thought to be the cause of contamination, it is preferable to use high-quality electrodes with few impurities.

Note that turbidity measurement was performed as follows.

That is, the light transmittance (wavelength: 550 nm) of the washing liquid was measured using a spectrophotometer (Hitachi Model 101), and the turbidity τ was determined from the following formula.

Here, Ii and ■ are the intensity of the incident light and the transmitted light, and the school path.

1 is Photo Example 7 Under the same conditions as in Example 6, a dry battery electrode was used as a high quality carbon electrode with few impurities.

Table 5 shows a comparison of the cleaning rate depending on the quality of the electrode when using a porcelain cylinder.

In the carbon electrode of Example 6, the cleaning rate in the center was lower than the cleaning rate in the surrounding area, and moreover, in the center, the cleaning rate on the anode side of the cloth was lower than on the cathode side, which caused contaminants to be eluted from the anode. This indicates that it is causing pollution.

However, when the anode is replaced with a high-quality electrode, as shown in Table 5, almost the same cleaning flux is obtained at the center, at the periphery, or at the cathode and anode sides, and the cleaning rate at the center is equal to the cleaning rate at the surrounding area. has improved to the same extent.

When a high quality carbon electrode is used as the anode, the turbidity of the washing liquid is 7th.
It is shown in the figure.

When a high-quality carbon electrode is used as the anode and placed in a porcelain cylinder, the turbidity of the washing liquid outside the cylinder becomes very small, so it can be considered that contamination is reduced.

Example 8 Under the same conditions as in Example 7, diaphragms (Fig. 8) having various hole sizes and numbers were made using high-quality carbon electrodes, and changes in cleaning efficiency were investigated.

The results are shown in Table 6. For the cloth with one small hole with a diameter of 2 mm in the center (A62), the cleaning rate at the center of the cloth is high, but it is low at the edges (egde) (the cleaning rate at the center is low). The reason for the high rate is that the hole is small, so the contaminated area is small, and the reflectance is measured including the part immediately outside the hole that has the highest cleaning rate.

Therefore, the average value of the cleaning rate of the center and edge of the cloth in this case does not represent the cleaning rate of the entire surface, unlike in other cases).

When the number of holes in the two partition plates is 16 on the anode side and 25 on the cathode side and the positions of the holes are shifted (A3), the cleaning rate is about 21 parts, and there is almost no difference from the case with large holes.

If the number of holes is 25 in both cases (Consideration 4), the cleaning rate will be approximately 29, and if the number of holes is further increased to 41 (/
l65) The cleaning rate was approximately 24 times, which was lower than in the case of 25 holes.

When cutting out the edges of the board and making it into a frame shape (/16
The cleaning rate of No. 6) was the lowest at about 12%.

Experiments were conducted by changing the combinations of diaphragms with 1.16 holes and 25.41 holes, and also by changing the positions of the anode and cathode sides for combinations with different numbers of holes. There was no combination that exceeded the cleaning rate when using two partition plates.

Example 8 Under the same conditions as Example 6, using low-quality and high-quality carbon electrodes, and in addition /I61 and /1 of Example 7
A cellophane membrane was inserted between the anode and the contaminated cloth in a washing bath using a No. 63 partition plate.

The results are shown in Table 7.

Regardless of the quality of the electrode, using a cellophane membrane improves the cleaning rate, and the cleaning rate also changes depending on the location of the cellophane membrane.

When a cellophane film is inserted between the porcelain cylinder containing the anode and the anode-side partition plate, the cleaning rate increases by about 6 to 7 factors.

When a cellophane film was inserted between the anode side barrier plate and the contaminated cloth, the cleaning rate increased by about 18 factors to 39.2%.

This is a value nearly 10 times higher than the cleaning rate of 306 times when cleaning was performed under normal conditions using a cleaning tester.

We also conducted an experiment in which the outside of the porcelain cylinder containing the anode was covered with a cellophane film, but no significant effect was observed.

From the above results, it is clear that installing the cellophane membrane as close to the contaminated cloth as possible is effective.

Furthermore, when the cellophane membrane is moved away from the contaminated cloth, the effect is small because the metal ions move through the cellophane membrane toward the contaminated cloth and become hydroxides in the vicinity of the contaminated cloth due to the pH gradient. This indicates that it adheres to cloth.

Example 9 Under the same conditions as in Example 6, high-quality carbon electrodes were used as electrodes, and EDTA (sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate) and 5TPP (sodium 4-ribolyphosphate) were added as sequestering agents in a washing bath using a /163 diaphragm. ) As an ion exchange resin, cation exchange resin Amberly) I
R12OB was added to each.

The results are shown in Table 8. The cleaning rate when EDTA was added was lower than the cleaning rate when EDTA was not added, and the cleaning rate tended to decrease as the concentration increased.

When 5TPP was added at 1mM, it was lower than when it was not added, but at a concentration of 10mM it was effective.

The phenomenon in which the cleaning rate decreases as the concentration increases when EDTA is added is because the metal sequestering effect of EDTA is affected by pH, so it does not necessarily show an effect in a system like this experiment, and the addition of EDTA lowers the cleaning rate. It is thought that the increased ionic strength of the additives made it more likely to cause contamination, and that the cleaning rate was actually lower than when no additives were used.

When an experiment was conducted in which cation exchange resin was placed in a bag made of cotton cloth and placed in a porcelain cylinder, the cleaning rate was 29.8.
%, which was about the same as the cleaning rate by the cleaning tester, and the effect was recognized, but it was not as high as the cleaning rate of about 40% when using the cellophane membrane.

Example 10 The scanning electron micrograph of the electroosmotic cleaning cloth obtained in the treatment of Example 8 E (carbon electrode: high quality, cellophane membrane: large side of the diaphragm plate, diaphragm plate: A; 3) is shown in the 9th image. As shown in the figure.

For comparison, a contaminated cloth is shown in FIG. 10, and a cloth cleaned by a cleaning tester is shown in FIG. 11.

Compared to contaminated cloth, both cleaning methods remove dirt, but in the cleaning test machine, dirt remains inside the fabric without being removed, whereas with electroosmotic cleaning, less dirt remains inside the fabric. , the usefulness of cleaning by electroosmotic flow can be seen.

Furthermore, when observing both samples at low magnification, it can be seen from Figures 12 (electroosmotic cleaning cloth) and Figure 13 (cleaning test machine cleaning cloth) that electroosmotic cleaning has disordered fibers, unlike cleaning using a cleaning test machine. is hardly recognized.

Therefore, it is clear that electrodynamic cleaning causes less damage to the fabric.

For electron microscopy observation, the sample fabric was cut into an approximately 51nrIL square, and after being attached to a sample stand with double-sided adhesive tape, the sample was sputter-coated with an Au/Pd (60:40) alloy in order to give it electrical conductivity.

Observation was carried out using a JEOL model JSM-15 scanning electron microscope using a conventional method.

As described above, the cleaning method of the present invention is an unprecedented cleaning method, and furthermore, when a cellophane film, a magnetic cylinder, etc. are provided in the cleaning liquid, the cleaning effect is further improved.

Additionally, compared to conventional cleaning methods, the cleaning method of the present invention has (1)
Since the interfacial electric double layer itself is the cause of the driving force of the liquid flow, it becomes a piston flow, and there is no immobile layer, so efficiency is high and even minute dirt particles can be removed. It reaches the hidden parts and interior of the laundry, and tangential flow occurs at the interface, so dirt is removed. Can be washed (4) Since it is not mechanically washed, there is no deformation of the cloth.
Fibers are not damaged.

In addition, rigid objects other than cloth can be cleaned. (5) Due to the electrophoresis effect, dirt particles in the washing bath that have been desorbed once collect near the electrodes, so they can be re-contaminated, and the washing liquid can be replaced continuously. It has advantages such as being able to prevent re-contamination by circulating it.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the flow velocity profile of the conventional cleaning method and the flow velocity profile of the cleaning method of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an example of the present invention, and is a schematic diagram of the experimental equipment. A diagram showing the relationship between cleaning rate and cleaning time for electrodes and carbon electrodes, Figure 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between cleaning rate and applied DC voltage, Figure 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between cleaning rate and cleaning time depending on DBS concentration, Figure 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between cleaning rate and DSB concentration depending on cleaning time, Figure 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between bath turbidity inside and outside the porcelain cylinder and cleaning time when a porcelain cylinder is used, and Figure 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between cleaning time and turbidity of the bath inside and outside the porcelain cylinder. Figures 9 to 11 show the size and number of holes in the partition plates for A: anode side and B: cathode side, respectively. The photomicrograph and FIGS. 12-13 are low magnification scanning electron micrographs of an electroosmotic cleaning cloth and a cleaning cloth taken by a cleaning tester, respectively. la, 1b...electrode, 2a, 2b...
Shikiri board, 3... Contaminated cloth, 4... Hole,
C: Center area, P: Surrounding area.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a washing bath having electrodes at both ends, an object to be washed is placed opposite the electrodes, and an electric field is applied by the electrodes to cause electroosmosis in the object to be washed. An electrodynamic cleaning method, characterized in that the object to be washed is held by an insulating, water-resistant holding means having one or more holes. 2. The electrodynamic cleaning method according to claim 1, wherein the electrode is carbon. 3. The electrodynamic cleaning method according to claim 2, wherein the anode of the electrode is made of high quality carbon and the cathode is made of low quality carbon. 4. The electrodynamic cleaning method according to claim 1, wherein the object to be washed is a textile product. 5. The electrodynamic cleaning method according to claim 1, wherein the insulating water resistance holding means is a partition plate. 6 In a washing bath having electrodes covered with porcelain cylinders at both ends, the object to be washed is positioned opposite the electrodes, and an electric field is applied by the electrodes to cause electroosmosis in the object to be washed. 1. An electrodynamic cleaning method, characterized in that the object to be washed is held by an insulating, water-resistant holding means having one or more holes. 7. The electrodynamic cleaning method according to claim 6, wherein the electrode is carbon. 8. The electrodynamic cleaning method according to claim 7, wherein the anode of the electrode is made of high quality carbon and the cathode is made of low quality carbon. 9. The electrodynamic cleaning method according to claim 6, wherein the object to be washed is a textile product. 10. The electrodynamic cleaning method according to claim 6, wherein the insulating water resistance holding means is a partition plate. 11. A method of cleaning by positioning the object to be washed opposite the electrodes in a washing bath having electrodes at both ends, and causing electroosmosis in the object by applying an electric field with the electrodes, the method comprising: An electrodynamic device characterized in that the object to be washed is held by an insulating water-resistant holding means having one or more holes, and a cellophane film is interposed between the insulating water-resistant holding means and the object to be washed. Cleaning method. 12. Claim 11, wherein the electrode is carbon.
Electrokinetic cleaning method as described in Section. 13. The electrodynamic cleaning method according to claim 12, wherein the anode of the electrode is made of high quality carbon and the cathode is made of low quality carbon. 14. The electrodynamic cleaning method according to claim 11, wherein the object to be washed is a textile product. 15. The electrodynamic cleaning method according to claim 11, wherein the insulating water resistance holding means is a partition plate. 16 In a washing bath having electrodes covered with porcelain cylinders at both ends, the object to be washed is placed opposite the electrodes, and an electric field is applied by the electrodes to cause electroosmosis in the object to be washed. A method of washing the object by holding it by an insulating water-resistant holding means having one or more holes, and interposing a cellophane film between the insulating water-resistant holding means and the object. An electrodynamic cleaning method characterized by: 17. Claim 16, wherein the electrode is carbon.
Electrokinetic cleaning method as described in Section. 1Blvi The electrodynamic cleaning method of claim 17, wherein the anode of the electrode is high quality carbon and the cathode is low quality carbon. 19. The electrodynamic cleaning method according to claim 16, wherein the object to be washed is a textile product. 20. The electrodynamic cleaning method according to claim 16, wherein the insulating water resistance holding means is a partition plate.