JPS5858053B2 - Fluid actuation device for winch - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a winching fluid actuator for two cooperating winches.

In particular when setting up and towing trawls using Otsuku boards, the trawl wires are discharged or paid out in equal lengths, thereby imparting equal tension to the two trawl wires, so that the trawl - It is important that the opening of the trawl bag is extended outwardly as evenly and symmetrically as possible by the two trawl doors fixed to the wire.

In order to obtain the desired uniform release or payout of the trawl wire, markings are provided on the wire so that during the wire installation or payout operation the wire is relaxed evenly by adjustment of the individual hydraulic systems of the two wire drums. It is normal to make it possible to visually confirm.

The wire is normally paid out and discharged by the operation of the prime mover, but the oil in the control valve is throttled, thereby controlling the wire.

It is also customary to disconnect the prime mover and instead use the brake to brake the release of the wire.

In either case, strict attention from the driver is required because of manual control of the control valve or brake and visual control of the markings on the wire as the wire is gradually released.

In some cases, an extensometer is connected to the wire so that the operator can read the difference in tension on the extensometer and manually adjust the length of the wire using the brake or control bundle from this tension reading.

Extensometers have been used to make small adjustments to the trawl wire during trawling operations, and fine adjustments to the length of the trawl wire have been made by manual operation of the control valve bundle or brake bundle.

Adjustment of the difference in length between the two wires by means of an extensometer follows the following principle.

That is, when the trawl opening is stretched in its intended configuration, both wires are given equal tension.

If one otterboard is held in front of the other, ie the other wire is short, the tension on the wires of this otterboard is greater than the tension on the wires of the other otterboard.

In the present invention, the trawl wire can be towed in a precise parallel manner without requiring visual control of the precise and parallel discharge position of the trawl wire during the trawl operation, and without uninterrupted operator control if necessary. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fluid-operated device for a trawl winch that can ensure ejection parallel to the trawl wire by fixing the trawl wire as well as lifting.

The invention comprises two cooperating winches and two fluid circuits including a fluid pump control valve and a hydrostatic rotary motor for actuating the winch drum, the wires of the two winches having equal tension. a first circuit, each of the fluid circuits including a fluid pump and a control valve;
a second circuit including a control valve and a rotary motor, and a third circuit including a rotary motor and a pressure limiting valve, the first circuit and the second circuit comprising a manual circuit controlled by a control valve having a neutral position; In this neutral position, the passage between the first circuit and the second circuit is closed and the pressure level in the second circuit is set to a predetermined high level, and the second circuit and the third circuit set the control valve in the neutral position. The winching fluid actuation system is closely related to the winch fluid actuator with an automatic circuit controlled by the pressure limiting valve and controller.

Furthermore, the solution proposed by the present invention is such that if one or both trawl doors become stuck on the bottom or caught on underwater debris, the tension in the trawl wire exceeds the design level, if necessary. Includes automatic release of trawl wire.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

The fluid control scheme shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 includes two cooperating trawl winch devices A for control of each trawl wire via respective winch drums 10A and 10B.
and B.

In the following, one trawl winch device A will be described in detail, and the other trawl winch B l is the letter A.
It shall be written correspondingly using B instead of .

Note that parts without the number Chunin or B are common members to the other party.

The drum 10A is driven by a fluid pressure motor 12A via a shaft 11A.

Pressure oil from a pump 13A is supplied to the motor 12A via a supply conduit 14A and a control valve 15A.

This motor 12A delivers return fluid to pump 13A via return conduit 18A.

The conduit 18A is provided with an oil filter 19A.

Further, a fluid tank 20 is connected to the pump 13A via a branch conduit 21A.

During operation in the pulling or net lifting direction, the motor 12A is supplied with pressure oil from the conduit 16A, and the pressure oil is transferred to the conduit 17A.
Send to.

The pressure in the conduit 16A is directly proportional to the tension PA of the wire wound around the drum 10A, assuming that it is atmospheric pressure on the return side 17A.

Each of the above-mentioned components has a conventionally known structure and will not be described in further detail.

From conduit 16A a connecting conduit 22A extends to a pilot-controlled pressure limiting valve 23A from which a second
A connecting conduit 24A extends to conduit 17A.

A control conduit 37A from this pressure limiting valve 23A leads to a three-way valve 38.

From this two-way valve 38 a common control conduit 39 extends to a pressure limiting valve 40, which acts as a common control valve for the two pressure limiting valves 23A and 23B.

A discharge conduit 46 leads from the pressure limiting valve 40 to the exit side of the system.

Conduits 16A and 16B are interconnected by conduit 51A1 check valve 50 and conduit 51B.

The structure of pressure limiting valves 23A, 23B and 40 will be explained in detail below.

The pressure limiting valve 23A is a slider 2 having three flanges.
5A (see FIG. 2), one end side flange 26A of the slider 25A is pressed by a compression spring 27A in the chamber 28A, and the slider 25A is normally pressed to the operation start position shown in FIG.

In addition, said flange 26A is under the action of pressure from hydraulic fluid in a chamber 28A communicating with conduit 22A via a branch conduit 29A provided with a restriction 30A, while flange 31A at the other end is under pressure from chamber 32A. It is under pressure from the pressure oil in conduit 22A via open branch conduit 33A.

Conduit 22A extends through chamber 3 between end flange 31A and central flange 35A in the position shown in FIG.
4A, while conduit 17A communicates with the chain between center flange 35A and end flange 26A via conduit 24A;
It communicates with bar 36A.

The chamber 34A is connected to the conduit 2 when the slider 25A is pushed from the starting position shown in FIG.
It has an axial extension that provides direct communication between 2A and 24A.

The chamber 28A at one end of the pressure limiting valve 23A in the trawling winch device A is connected to the chamber 28B at the corresponding one end of the pressure limiting valve 23B in the trawling winch device A with two conduits 37A and 37B (the first (see figure) and a connecting conduit consisting of an intermediate two-way valve 38.

This two-way valve can also be replaced by a back pressure valve located in conduits 37A and 37B, respectively.

Conduit 39 leads from three-way valve 38 to control valve 40 .

The control valve 40 is provided with a valve member 41 secured to a compression spring 42 which is threadably adjustable by a manually adjustable bundle 44 .

This valve member 41 forms a normal abutment against the valve seat, thereby closing the connection between the conduit 39 and the valve passage 45 to the conduit 46 which is connected to the return conduit 18A.

A branch conduit 48 also extends from the conduit 46 toward a valve chamber 49 at the back of the valve member 41.

A spring 42 is prestressed by the bundle 44 and exerts a force on the valve body 41 .

The other end of the valve body 41 receives hydraulic pressure P from conduits 37A, 37B and 39.

acts. If the hydraulic pressure applied to the valve body 41 is
2, the valve body 41 will close the conduit 39 and the conduit 4.
Connect 6.

At valve 23A, hydraulic pressure in conduit 22A acts on end flange 31A through conduit 33A.

End flange 26A is acted upon by hydraulic pressure from conduit 22A through conduit 29A and nozzle 30A, and by force from spring 27A.

Due to the bundle, the required opening pressure P.

is applied to valve 40.

In this way, the pressure in chamber 28A of valve 23A is at pressure P.

limited to. The pressure in pressure chamber 16A of motor 12A thus increases, and the force due to the pressure in chamber 32A increases the pressure P in chamber 28A.

When the force from spring 27A is exceeded, valve 23A opens allowing oil to escape from conduit 22A to conduit 24A.

Nozzle 30A restricts oil flow to chamber 28A so that valve 40 always delivers the amount of oil supplied to chamber 28A.

In this case, by adjusting bundle 44 of valve 40, a maximum pressure P1 is obtained in motor 12A.

If this pressure increases beyond the maximum pressure P1, valve 2
3A is open, allowing oil to be directed from conduit 16A to conduit 17A, and if this pressure is less than Pl, valve 23A is closed.

OPERATION OF THE CONTROL DEVICE OF THE INVENTION Trawl Installation The trawl bag and trawl door are installed in the conventional manner by ejecting the wires, for example, about 20 meters, until the trawl bags and trawl doors provide the appropriate tension on the wires 100A and 100A.

At this time, control valves 15A and 15B are set to a stopped state at the same time as the motor engages the winch drum.

Wire tensions PA and PB provide corresponding pressures on motors 12A and 12B and thus on conduits 16A and 16B.

Check valve 50 is opened, guide valve or pressure limiting valve 40 is adjusted to a low pressure such that pressure limiting valves 23A and 23B are opened and motors 12A and 12B are pulled in the relaxing direction by wire tensions PA and PB.

Motor 12A passes through conduits 16A and 22A to 24,
Furthermore, oil is pumped to the return side of the motor via conduit 17A.

Due to the restriction within valve 23A, heat is released by the oil.

This oil flows from pump 13A to control valve 15A to valve 2.
It is mixed with the oil coming out of 3A.

This point is not shown in the attached figures.

In conventional trawl net installation operations, the length of the two wires is controlled by moderate manual control of the oil in the two control valves 15A and 15B to brake the motor that pays out most of the wire, or It is adjusted by applying a similar damping effect to wire drums IOA and 10B.

By installing the trawl according to the invention, the distortion of the two trawl wires is automatically handled.

Motor 1 via conduit 51A1 check valves 50 and 51B
When the pressure sides 16A and 16B of 2A and 12B are in communication, the pressures within the two motors 12A and 12B are equal.

On the return side 17A and 17B, the control valve 15A-
15B.

They are connected to each other via conduits 18A-18B and conduit 4T.

Motors 12A and 12B and drums 10A and 1
0B is of the same construction and in the two devices A, B, so the tensions PA and PB must be of equal magnitude.

If not, oil will flow from one motor to the other until equilibrium is achieved.

Pressure limiting valve 40, along with valves 23A and 23B, are closed to the minimum pressure that will ensure a sufficiently high tension on the wire to hold the trawl in tension.

If one wire, say wire B, were to relax further, the tension in wire A would be greater than the tension in wire B.

As a result, the pressure in pressure conduit 16A becomes greater than the pressure in pressure conduit 16B.

This extends from pressure conduit 16A of motor 12A to conduits 22A and 51A.

Pressure conduit 1 of motor 12B via 22B and valve 50
A flow of oil to 6B occurs and motor 12A relaxes the trawl more rapidly until the pressures of the two motors are again equal.

That is, the two wires are now of equal length, which again results in equal tension.

The towing speed of an underwater trawl depends on the wire tension P according to the following formula:

That is, P=Const-Vt2 For example, if the ship is sailing at a speed of 9 knots, the minimum pressure of the motor is set to such a pressure that the trawl is towed through the sea at, for example, 3 knots.

That is, the winch pays out the wire in the relaxing direction at a rate of about 6 knots.

As the pressure in motors 12A and 12B increases, the wire tension increases correspondingly and the speed of the subsea trawl increases while the winch throw speed decreases.

In this way, stepless speed regulation from zero to maximum displacement of the trawl winch is obtained.

Once the trawl has been released to the desired length, the pressure in the pressure limiting valves 40.23A and 23B is adjusted until the opening pressure of these joints exceeds the pressure exerted on the motors 12A and 12B by the wire tension. Then, the desired gentle braking operation is performed.

This causes the winch to stop and the trawl to be towed through the sea at the speed of the ship.

In a winch drum wound with multiple layers of wire, the force P of the wire increases as the winding diameter decreases, and the pressure limiting valves 23A and 23B maintain a constant pressure in the motors 12A, 12B, thereby causing the winch drum 10A to and obtain a constant torque at 10B.

This results in the trawl speed iVt increasing with increasing wire payout, while the winch relaxation rate decreases slightly.

Towing the trawl The towing of the trawl is carried out by the wire drum 1 using the brake.
This is done by the conventional method of locking wires 0A and 10B and issuing a warning and releasing the brakes when a large tension is applied to one or both wires.

After adjustment of the difference in length of both wires, and if the adjustment requires a side stream of the trawl and the boat is rocking, visual control of the markings on the wires,
and/or after visual control of the tension indicator, and the adjustment is made by artificially loosening and pulling on one winch.

According to the method of the invention, it is possible to automatically adjust for such length differences.

Adjustment is performed by towing after motors 12A, 12B are engaged and valve 50 is opened.

If the trawl wire is in an incorrect position, the position is recorded such that the wire to be relaxed is under high tension, thereby creating high pressure within the motor.

This means that the oil for one motor is in the conduit 51A.

51B1 and to the other motor via valve 50;
As a result, the motor with the wire that is too short,
The wire will be ejected while the other motor will continue to pull until equilibrium is reestablished.

To make the equipment safe against overload, pressure limiting valve 40
．． 23A, 23B are adjusted to a pressure corresponding to the maximum desired tension on the rope.

If the tension on one or both wires is greater than this adjusted maximum limit, e.g. when a trawl acquires an underwater obstruction, one or both of the pressure limiting valves 23A, 23B open and the winch pays out the wire. .

To pull up a trawl net To pull up a trawl net or unload a net, use the control valve 15A115B.
from pumps 13A and 13B to motor 12A.
, 12B in the conventional manner by supplying oil to the pressure conduits 16A, 16B of the pressure conduits 16A, 16B.

Features according to the invention include conduits 21A, 51B and valve 50.
to obtain communication between the pressure conduits 15A, 16B of the motor via the
It is possible to ensure a tension equal to .

As mentioned above, equilibrium attraction of both wires is ensured.

The pressure limiting valves 40.23A, 23B are then adjusted in the same way as when towing a trawl to provide the maximum desired tension on the wire to ensure safety against overloading of the equipment.

If it is desired to be able to control independently, automatically, without parallel drive, valve 50 is closed, resulting in two completely separate systems.

FIG. 3 shows another configuration of the present invention, including winch drums 10A and 10B and pressure limiting valves 23A and 23B.
, 40 and three-way valve 38, here shown as two back pressure valves, and the conduits follow the description of FIGS. 1 and 2.

The connecting conduits 21A, 51B and check valve 50 in FIGS. 1 and 2 are replaced in FIG. 3 by other devices described below.

The two wires 10 OA, 100B pass through traverse wheels 101A, 101B, respectively, where wire 1
0OA and 100B are biased by angles αA and αB.

Wires 10OA, 100B under tensile load are rods 103A.

The same amount of axial tension applied to 103B is applied to tension indicators 104A and 104B, respectively.

The tension indicators 104A and 104B are connected to the cylinder 105.
A, 105B, and pistons 106A, 106B, and the pistons 106A, 106B are cylinders 105A,
105B with two chambers 107A.

It is divided into 107B, 108A, and 108B.

The first cylinder chambers 107A, 107B of the tension indicators 104, 104B are conduits 109A.

109B to one end of the control valve 81, while the second cylinder chamber 108A, 108B is connected to the conduit 1
10A and 110B to the device (in this case tank 20
) is connected to the return side of the

The conduits 82A and 82B are connected to the control valve 8 from the conduits 37A and 37B.
1, and from these conduits 82A and 82B, conduit 11
1 has reached the tank (return) 20.

Note that this conduit 111 is provided with a closing valve 112.

Method of Operation Pressure limiting valves 40.23A, 23B are operated as described in FIGS. 1 and 2.

Since the tension applied to the wire has angles αA and αB, force JPA is applied to the tension indicators 104A and 104B.

APR, which results in a pressure within the chambers 107A, 107B in direct proportion to the tensions JPA, JPH.

Setting up, towing, and pulling the trawl net are described in Figures 1 and 2, but apart from this, in this method, a tension indicator controls both wires so that they are parallel. used for.

As long as both wires are equal and the tension on the wires is also equal, chamber 1 of tension indicators 104A, 104B
Obtain equal pressure in 07A, 107B.

This provides equal pressure at the end of the slider within the control valve 81.

This causes the slider to have two weak springs 114A, 114.
B, the conduits 82A, 82B, 111 will be closed within the control valve 81.

Thus, if the trawl is in an incorrect position, for example because wire 100A is too short, the tension on wire 100A will increase and the pressure will correspondingly increase in chamber 107A within tension indicator 104A.

The pressure within chamber 107A is transmitted via conduit 109A and acts on a slider within valve 81, causing chamber 1
As the pressure from 07B decreases, push this slider out.

As a result, the slider of valve 81 opens the connection between conduits 82A and 111, and valve 112 remains open.

In the control conduit 37A, oil is drained, and the pressure limiting valve 23A is opened more during net loading, or when the trawl is towed, hauled up, or unloaded.

The valve 23A also allows more oil or oil to flow from the pressure oil side 16A to the return side 17A of the motor 12A.

This causes more wire to be paid out in conjunction with winch B until pressure equilibrium is established again.

That is, tension indicator 104A. 104B chamber 10
The pressure inside 7A and 107B is equal, and the springs 114A and 114
B returns the slider of the valve 81 to the center position again.

Similarly, the same thing happens when wire 100B is very short.

As the pressure within chamber 107B increases, the slider of valve 81 is forced to the opposite side, opening the connection between conduits 82B and 111.

Control conduit 37B, on the other hand, drains and valve 23B is opened more or until an equilibrium condition is reached.

Springs 114A, 114B are used to overcome this spring force and push out the slider within valve 81, such that the pressure difference maintained within chambers 107A, 108B is small enough to be accommodated within this system. As such, it has been weakened.

If it is desired to use the winches individually, valve 112 is closed, thereby breaking parallel control.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a route map of an embodiment of the trawl network control method according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the cross-sectional route of each component of the method of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a trawl network control method according to the present invention. It is a route map of a second example. 12A, 12B... Static fluid pressure rotary motor,
13A, 13B...Fluid pump, 15A, 15
B...Control valve, 100A, 100B...
・Troll wire.

Claims (1)

Claims: Twelve cooperating winches and a fluid pump 13A. 13B control valve 15A, 15B and winch drum IO
Hydrostatic rotary motor 1 for operating A, 10B
2A and 12B, and a valve device 50 for operatively connecting the two fluid circuits, the fluid operating device for a winch automatically applies approximately equal tension to the wires of the two winches. , each of the fluid circuits includes a fluid pump 13A, 13B and a control valve 15A. A first circuit 14A, 18A, 14B including 15B. 18B and a second circuit 16A including control valves 15A, 15B and hydrostatic rotary motors 12A, 12B. 17A, 16B, 17B and hydrostatic rotation motor 12
A, 12B and a third pressure limiting valve 23A, 23B.
It has circuits 22A, 24A, 22B, and 24B, and the first
The circuit and the second circuit include a control valve 15A having a neutral position;
15B, in which the neutral position closes the passage between the first and second circuits and sets the pressure level in the second circuit to a predetermined height; is the pressure limiting valve 23A, 23B and both pressure limiting valves 23A with the control valve set in the neutral position.
, 23B, a control device 38,
40, 3B, 40.81 A fluid operating device for a winch, characterized in that it is equipped with an automatic circuit controlled by 40, 3B and 40.81.