JPS587305B2 - Basement evacuation device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an evacuation device that allows people in a basement such as a basement to escape and evacuate to a safe place above ground or on an upper floor in the event of an emergency such as a fire or an earthquake.

Conventionally, this type of evacuation device has an opening in the ceiling of the lower floor that leads to the upper floor, a top cover on the upper floor side of this opening, and a top end on the lower floor side of the opening that connects to the edge of this opening. A hinged ladder is provided, the lower end of the ladder is locked to the ceiling and stored, and the lock is released from the lower floor to allow the ladder to swivel and descend. Some have a lower lid and a telescoping ladder or the like stored in the opening, and the telescoping ladder or the like can be extended and lowered by opening the lower lid.

However, all of these evacuation devices are designed to lower evacuation equipment such as ladders and telescoping ladders to the lower floor with a single operation, and although they can quickly lower evacuation equipment, they cannot be used in an emergency. There was a problem in that it was extremely difficult for evacuees who were in an abnormal psychological state and were in a panic to pay sufficient attention to the evacuation equipment that was being used to descend to the lower floor, which was extremely dangerous. .

In view of this point of view, the present invention separates the operation for opening the lower lid and the operation for extending and lowering the evacuation equipment, and allows the operation string for opening the lower lid to hang down to the lower floor and also suspends the evacuation equipment. The operating cables for extending and descending are stored in a cluster on the top surface of the lower cover, and by pulling the operating string the first operation opens the lower cover, causing the operating cables to extend and fall towards the lower floor, thereby allowing evacuation. In addition to alerting people to their heads and preventing danger from operating evacuation equipment from lower floors, the system also ensures that the operating procedures are correct and that
In addition, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an evacuation device that can be used quickly and is safe even if a person on the lower floor makes a mistake in its operation.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail below based on embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

According to the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the configuration of the evacuation device according to this embodiment includes the floor 1 and slab 2 of a certain floor in the basement of a building, as well as the floor immediately below this certain floor. An upper cover 5 and a lower cover 6 are each pivotally attached to a frame 4 that is installed through the ceiling 3, and an evacuation device 7 that is extendable and retractable toward the lower floor is provided and stored in the frame 4. A locking device 8 that holds the lid 6 in its closed state is provided with an operating device 9 having an operating string 24 that hangs down from the outside of the frame 4 to the lower floor, and a locking device 39 provided on the evacuation device 7. The operation lever 27 is provided with an operation cord 10 that is placed and stored on the upper surface of the lower lid 6, and the operation cord 24 is operated from the lower floor to open the lower lid 6 and to open the lower lid 6. The evacuation equipment 7 is extended and lowered to the lower floor by operating the operating cable 10 from the lower floor, which falls down to the lower floor as the evacuation occurs.

In this embodiment, the frame 4 is formed by bending a plate such as a steel plate into a rectangular shape, and is fixed to the slab 2 with anchors 11 provided on the outer periphery.

The upper lid 5, which is pivotally attached to the upper edge of the frame 4, has one end attached to the frame 4.
The other end of the link 12 is pivotally connected to the upper cover 5, and the upper cover 5 is formed to be fixed in a vertically erected state by the link 12.

Further, on the back side of the top lid 5, if desired, a buzzer 14 for notifying the surroundings that the grip rod 13 and the evacuation equipment 7 of this evacuation device are provided, as well as a footrest rod or lighting equipment, etc. are provided. It will be done.

The lower lid 6 provided at the lower end of the frame 4 has one edge thereof rotatably attached to a shaft 15.

Further, one ends of a pair of wires 16 are attached to the lower lid 6 on both sides of its back surface, and these wires 16
As shown in the figure, two pairs of rings 17 provided on the side wall of the frame 4 on the rotating end side of the lower lid 6 are connected and suspended from both sides, and furthermore, these wires 16 are suspended from both sides. A grip 18 is attached to the other end.

This grip 18 has a certain amount of weight, and when the lower lid 6 is closed, it hangs down from the upper pair of rings 17 due to its own weight, and when the lower lid 6 is opened, it hangs down from the upper pair of rings 17. Lower lid 6
As it moves, it is pulled up by the wire 16, but
At this time, the lower lid 6 begins to open slowly because it acts as a weight.

Then, as the lower lid 6 is gradually opened, the wire 16 is pulled up as the lower lid 6 moves, and the grip 18 attached to one end of the wire 16 is pulled up to near the pair of rings 17 located at the upper part of the side wall of the frame 4, and finally When it collides with this ring 17, the movement of the lower lid 6 stops, the lower lid 6 is completely opened, and will not open any further.

In order to return the lower lid 6 from the open state to the closed state, use a tool such as a gripper to remove the grip 18 that has risen to the pair of rings 17 located at the upper part of the side wall of the frame 4 from the upper floor. By grasping it and pushing down the grip 18, the lower lid 6 easily returns to the closed state.

Further, the stop device 8 is attached to the frame body 4 located on the rotating end side of the lower cover 6.
The projection 19 is attached to the side wall of the lower cover 6 and has a retractable protrusion 19 which is normally pressed in the protruding direction by a spring or the like. 20 to maintain the lower cover 6 substantially on the same plane as the ceiling 3.

Furthermore, the operating device 9 for operating this stop device 8 is
It is formed in an L-shape, and its base is pivotally attached to one side wall of the frame 4, and one arm portion 41a is interlockingly connected to the protrusion 19 of the stopper device 8 via a wire 23, and the other arm portion 41a is 41b is composed of a connecting lever 22 that projects outside the frame 4, and an operating string 24 that is connected to the other arm 41b of this connecting lever 22 and hangs down to the lower floor. By strongly pulling downward, the protrusion 19 of the stopper device 8 overcomes the pressing force of the spring or the like and is retracted, disengaging from the locking portion 20 of the lower cover 6 and opening the lower cover 6. is formed.

The evacuation equipment 7 used in this example is the first
As shown in the figure and FIG. 2, a large number of hollow tube bodies 25 having elliptical cross sections with different diameters are connected in a telescopic manner, and a step plate is provided at the lower end of each hollow tube body 25 in the short diameter direction. The upper end of the hollow tube body 25 at the top of the evacuation device 7 is attached to a fixed base 26 provided on the side wall of the frame body 4 to which the upper cover 5 is pivotally attached. The uppermost hollow tube body 25 has a built-in locking/disengaging device 39 which is a ratchet mechanism for extending and contracting the evacuation device 7. An operating cable 10 is attached.

The ratchet mechanism of the locking/disengaging device 39 extends the hollow tube body 25 of the evacuation device 7 to the floor of the lower floor by pulling the operating cable 10 and rotating the operating lever 27.
By operating this ratchet mechanism, the hollow tube body 25 of the evacuation device 7 can be returned to its original storage state.

The operating cable 10 is connected to the connecting lever 2 within the frame 4.
8 is extended to the opposite side of the evacuation device 7, so that the operating cable 10 can be placed and stored on the upper surface of the rotating end side of the lower lid 6 in the closed state. When opened, it will definitely fall to the lower floor and hang down.

In another embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the basic structure is the same as that of the above embodiment, but the mechanism for opening and closing the lower cover 6 is different.

That is, the lower end of a hanging bolt 30 is pivotally connected to a base plate 29 provided on the back surface of the lower cover 6, and the upper end of this hanging bolt 30 is attached to a bar 32, one end of which is pivotally connected to the side wall of the frame 4 by a shaft 31. The bar 32 is pivotally mounted near the base, and an engaging portion 33 is formed at the tip of the bar 32, and the engaging portion 33 is engaged with a stop device 8 provided on the upper side wall of the frame 4.

The stop device 8 includes a support portion 34 attached to the side wall of the frame body 4, and an engagement groove rotatably attached to the support portion 34, with which the engagement portion 33 of the bar 32 engages. Locking part 35
One end of a connecting rod 36 constituting the operating device 9 is pivotally attached to the free end of the locking portion 35 of the operating device 9.

This operating device 9 includes the connecting rod 36 and an L-shaped connecting lever 37 to which the other end of the connecting rod 36 is pivotally connected, and further, one end is pivotally connected to the connecting lever 37 and the other end is operated. Connecting rod 38 to which string 24 is attached and hangs down to the lower floor
It is formed from.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, by pulling the operating string 24 on the lower floor, the locking portion 35 constituting the locking device 8 rotates and is engaged in the locking groove of the locking portion 35. bar 3
2 disengages, the bar 32 rotates around the shaft 31, and as a result, the lower cover 6, which is suspended from the bar 32 by the hanging bolts 30, rotates around the shaft 15. Open by eye.

Moreover, when closing the lower lid 6 in the open state to the original state,
Reach out your hand from above the floor 1, grasp the vicinity of the tip of the bar 32, and lift it upward to engage the engaging portion 33 of the bar 32 in the engaging groove of the locking portion 35 of the stop device 8. Bye.

Further, in this embodiment, a stay damper 40 is provided between a substrate 29 provided on the back surface of the lower lid 6 and one side wall of the frame 4, so that the lower lid 6 is opened slowly.

In each of the above embodiments, the evacuation device 7 is a ladder-like evacuation device that is extendable and retractable, but the evacuation device 7 is not limited to this, and it goes without saying that other evacuation means may be used.

Therefore, according to the evacuation device of the present invention, when an emergency such as a fire occurs on the lower floor of a basement such as a basement, those who evacuate must first go to the lower cover 6 that hangs down from the ceiling 3 to the lower floor.
Pull the operating cord 24 to open the lower cover 6, let the operating cable 10 of the evacuation equipment 7 stored in the upper part of the back side of the lower cover 6 hang down to the lower floor, and then pull the operating cable 10 to start evacuation. The evacuation device 7 is extended and lowered from the upper floor to the lower floor, and the user can climb up the evacuation device 7, push open the top cover 5 upwards, escape to the upper floor, and evacuate to a safe place.

Therefore, in the evacuation device according to the present invention, the operating string of the operating device for opening the lower cover hangs down to the lower floor, and the operating string of the operating device of the evacuation device housed in the frame body is attached to the operating string of the operating device. The operating cables that are connected to extend and lower the evacuation equipment towards the lower floor are stored on the top of the lower cover, so the first operation of pulling the operating cord opens the lower cover and opens the operating cables. The evacuation equipment falls and hangs down to the lower floor, and then a second operation of pulling the hanging operating cable causes the evacuation equipment to extend and descend from the upper floor to the lower floor.

Therefore, even if an evacuee is upset due to an abnormal psychological state in an emergency, the lower lid is opened by the first operation, and at the same time the falling operation cable alerts the evacuee to the overhead area, and the second operation is performed. Since this gives a strong impression that the evacuation equipment is extending and descending, it is possible to completely prevent the danger of operating the evacuation equipment from the lower floor and extend and lower it. Even if you pull the operating cord, the only thing that will fall is the operating rope, which will not cause any injury, and the falling of the operating rope will alert you to what is going on overhead, so it is extremely safe.

Moreover, since the operating cord for the first operation is already hanging down to the lower floor, and the operating cord for the second operation is placed and stored on the top surface of the lower lid, the evacuation equipment may be accidentally There is absolutely no chance of making a mistake in the operating procedure, such as operating the operating cable for extending and lowering the cable first, and the operating cable for the second operation will be moved to the lower floor along with the opening of the lower cover. Since it falls and hangs down while extending toward the target, it is possible to open the bottom cover and extend and lower the evacuation equipment in a precise and reliable manner. The operations up to the formation of can be performed quickly.

In addition, since the evacuation device of the present invention performs both the operation of opening the lower cover and the operation of extending and lowering the evacuation equipment by mechanical operations, it will not become inoperable even if there is a power outage.
In addition, since the operating cord for the first operation to open the lower lid is located on the outside of the frame, it becomes entangled with the operating cord for the second operation, which is placed and stored on the top surface of the lower lid. It is something that never happens.

Furthermore, a grip is attached to one end of the wire that communicates with the ring provided on the side wall of the frame, and the other end of the wire is attached to the back of the lower cover, so the lower cover can be changed from an open state to a closed state. When returning to its original position, when the lower cover is open, the grips are raised to a pair of rings located at the top of the side wall of the frame, so they can be easily gripped from above with a tool such as a gripper. By pushing the grip downward, the lower lid can be easily returned to the closed state from the upper floor.

Furthermore, since the grip has a certain amount of weight, when the lower lid is opened, the grip acts as a weight and the lower lid 6 begins to open gently, so that the operator on the lower floor is safe.

Further, as the lower cover gradually opens, the wire is pulled up as the lower cover 6 moves, and the handle 18 attached to one end of the wire collides with the ring 17 located at the upper side wall of the frame, causing the lower cover 6 to move. As soon as the lower lid comes to rest, the lower lid is completely opened and cannot be opened any further. Therefore, the operator on the upper floor can position the operating string 24 directly below the operating string 24 for easy operation. Even if the operating string 24 is operated, the lower cover is not touched when the lower cover is opened, so it is safe.

Furthermore, since the wire is connected to the ring, the wire does not swing from side to side when the lower cover is opened and closed, so the wire moves up and down accurately, resulting in smooth opening and closing of the lower cover.

The evacuation device of the present invention is not only useful as an evacuation device for underground floors, but also when used on the ground floor when it is necessary to escape from the lower floor to the upper floor or when firefighters or rescue teams It is also useful when invading the upper floor, which is the scene of a fire, from the lower floor.

Further, according to each of the embodiments described above, the lower lid 6 can be easily closed by reaching into the frame from the upper floor and pulling up the handle 18 or the bar 32, and the operation of the evacuation device, which is performed regularly, is possible. When inspecting the condition, there is no need to use a stepladder or the like to close the lower cover from the lower floor side, making inspection work extremely easy.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a side cross-sectional view showing the evacuation device according to an embodiment of the present invention in a usage state, FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view showing the evacuation device in FIG. 1 in a stored state, and FIG. A sectional view taken along the line A-A and FIG. 4 are side sectional views showing a stored state of an evacuation device according to another embodiment.・1...floor, 2...slab, 3...
... Ceiling, 4... Frame, 5... Upper cover, 6... Lower cover, 7... Evacuation equipment, 8.
...Stopping device, 9...Operating device, 10.
...Operation cable, 16...Wire, 17...
...Ring, 18...Grip, 24...
...Operation string.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 An upper cover 5 and a lower cover 6 are pivotally attached to a frame 4 installed between the floor 1 of the upper floor and the ceiling 3 of the lower floor, and this frame 4 has an evacuation shelter that can be expanded and contracted toward the lower floor. A stop device 8 for holding the lower lid 6 in its closed state is provided with an operating device 9 having an operating string 24 hanging down from the outside of the frame 4 to the lower floor. On the back surface of the lid 6, a wire 16 is provided at one end with a handle having enough weight to gently open the lower lid, and the other end of the wire 16 is connected to a ring 17 provided on the side wall of the frame 4. Attaching the lower cover 6 to the operation lever 27 of the locking/disengaging device 39 provided on the evacuation device 7
Operating cords 10 are installed on the upper surface and stored in a cluster, and the lower cover 6 is opened by operating the operating cord 24 from the lower floor, and as the lower cover 6 is opened, the lower floor is moved to the lower floor. The above-mentioned evacuation equipment 7 is operated by operating the operating cable 10 that falls while extending from the lower floor.
A basement evacuation device that extends and descends to the lower floor.