JPS588805B2 - Mushroom cultivation method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for cultivating mushrooms, and in particular to an improvement in a culture medium used as a cultivation bed.

Traditionally, shimeji mushrooms, nameko mushrooms, etc. have been cultivated in bottles using a culture medium made from a mixture of rice bran and sawdust.
For cultivating mushrooms, rice straw compost or peat is used as the main raw material, and for culturing shiitake mushrooms, there are seed culture methods that use pulverized wood chips or sawdust. The ratio of rice bran to total waste is 1.
:8 to 1:9 and 1 Cellulose and lignin contained in sawdust were used as the main nutrient source, and micronutrients were supplemented from rice bran.

However, depending on the type of tree, sawdust has a high resin content, and after obtaining it, it must be aged as compost, which takes a considerable number of days, and the difficulty in obtaining it varies depending on the region. Chisel lacks nutrients,
For this reason, it is necessary to supplement nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium with rice bran, etc.

The inventor of the present application has discovered that sewage sludge contains large amounts of cellulose and lignin derived from paper such as toilet paper or kitchen waste, as well as various nutrients generated from the decomposition of carbohydrates, proteins, etc. The present invention was developed by paying attention to the following.

That is, as an example of sludge, separated type raw sludge (water content 81.
The analytical values of 21%) are as follows.

However, the content is the dry matter equivalent value.

Lignin: 9.5% Tannin: 0 Cellulose: 25.6% In addition to trace elements such as calcium as fertilizer, sludge also contains a considerable amount of the following elements.

Total amount of nitrogen: 6.27% Total amount of phosphoric acid: 2.71% Total amount of potassium: 0.14% (all values are calculated on dry matter basis) In this way, sewage sludge contains all the components necessary for growing mushrooms.

However, sewage sludge contains easily decomposable organic matter mainly consisting of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates, and this easily decomposable organic matter varies greatly depending on the origin of the sludge, but it accounts for approximately 20 to 60%.
It is included.

This ingredient is unsuitable as a nutritional source for mushroom cultivation, and is more likely to cause contamination by bacteria during cultivation.

Therefore, in order to use it as a culture medium, it is necessary to remove these easily decomposable organic substances.

For this reason, it is necessary to perform aerobic fermentation treatment on sewage sludge.Almost all of these easily decomposable organic substances are decomposed and consumed, while the difficult-to-decompose lignin and cellulose are partially decomposed, but most remain and are suitable for culture media. Compost (hereinafter referred to as composting)
That is.

Depending on the nature and water content of the sludge, the purpose of this aerobic fermentation can be achieved by mere mechanical stirring, but rice husk, tree bark, rice straw, sawdust, urban dirt, etc. are usually used as air permeability improvers and moisture regulators. It is preferable to add and stir to obtain the required moisture and measure the air permeability.

These additives contain large amounts of cellulose, lignin, etc., and are more preferable as a culture medium for mushroom cultivation.

As an example, the following two compost production materials were adopted for mushroom cultivation.

Type Moisture content Volume ratio (%) Weight ratio) Dehydrated sludge 80.0 50 70.3 Bark
35.0 20 9.6 Reflux
30.0 30 20.1 However, the reflux is the undried compost that has already been produced.

Next, to explain how to use the compost produced above as a culture medium, for cultivating shimeji mushrooms and nameko mushrooms in bottles, instead of the conventional mixture of rice bran and sawdust, the culture medium made from the above sewage sludge compost alone is used to plant mycelia. Attach and grow.

In particular, compost with a high content of cellulose and lignin in separated flow sludge, or compost produced by adding rice husks and bark as the additives, is particularly important when using compost with a high content of 10.
It can be cultivated sufficiently with 0 staff.

Alternatively, a small amount of rice bran and/or sawdust may be added to the sewage sludge compost as a culture medium.Alternatively, the sewage sludge compost was also used to culture Shiitake mushroom inoculum.

According to the present invention, the sewage sludge contains a sufficient amount of cellulose, lignin, etc. as well as various organic substances, and furthermore, the rottenness has progressed, and the removal of easily decomposable organic substances by fermentation is extremely easy. It has a bactericidal effect, and also contains various elements as fertilizer, so there is no need to add fertilizers. Some of the sewage sludge is used as feedstock, but most of it has little utility value, such as for horse racing. It is extremely effective to use it effectively.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Sewage sludge is used alone or with the addition of necessary air permeability improvers and moisture regulators, and the easily decomposable organic matter contained therein is aerobically fermented to produce sewage sludge compost mainly composed of difficult-to-decompose lignin and cellulose. The amount of organic matter produced is 60 to 90
%, total carbon content of 40 to 50 parts, total nitrogen content of 2 to 6 parts, etc. using sewage sludge compost as a culture medium, and mushrooms such as shiitake mushrooms, oyster mushrooms, nameko mushrooms, etc. are grown using wood rotting fungi. Cultivation method.