JPS5912854B2 - Internal combustion engine fuel injection system - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a fuel pump device connected to a fuel injector;
A metering device driven in synchronization with the output side of the crankshaft or the like of the internal combustion engine, and controlling the operation of the metering device, in order to distribute a metered amount of fuel in each cycle of operation of the internal combustion engine; A fuel injector for an internal combustion engine (hereinafter referred to as this type of fuel injector ) regarding.

The present invention provides a fuel injection device of this type that can be applied to an internal combustion engine that has one or more cylinders and has an ignition device that discharges and ignites the air-fuel mixture in the cylinder. .

The fuel used in this internal combustion engine is a volatile hydrocarbon type fuel such as gasoline.

In order to accurately control the air to fuel ratio, one or more factors need to be sensed by a sensing device.

However, in the normal case, these factors are sensed by a single sensing member that obtains a mechanical output (either force or displacement, or a combination of these phenomena) that controls the operation of the metering device. I can't.

The main object of the invention is to provide a device for coupling the outputs of a plurality of sensing elements that can be applied to a metering device, thereby overcoming the above-mentioned problems.

A fuel injection device of this kind according to the invention is characterized by a sensing device, which comprises a sensing member connected to a summing mechanism and controls the operation of the metering device.

The sensing device is a temperature sensing device, and one of the temperature sensing devices is installed at a position where it can detect the temperature of the air taken in, and the other temperature sensing device is installed at a position where it can detect the temperature of the cooling water in the engine room. established in

The adding mechanism according to the present invention has a pair of component members that can rotate relative to each other around an axis and are also movable in the axial direction, and one component member moves in the axial direction to increase rotational motion, so that one component member is moved toward the engine body side in order to increase rotational motion. The other component is similarly connected to a metering device, and the sensing device is configured to move together with the summing mechanism component.

An example of a sensing member for sensing pneumatic factors is an inflatable vacuum bellows.

The accuracy of the output is determined by a spring with precisely selected ratios that is mounted within the bellows to assist in expanding the bellows when external air pressure is reduced.

Once such a spring is installed in the bellows, it cannot be adjusted or replaced.

Therefore, in the present invention, a spring is installed outside the bellows to assist the spring built into the bellows.
This auxiliary spring can be adjusted and replaced to adjust the overall spring characteristics.

Next, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to illustrated embodiments.

FIG. 1 shows a configuration for supplying fuel and air to an internal combustion engine equipped with a fuel injection device.

According to this configuration, the fuel tank 10 is connected to the intake port of the low pressure pump 13 via the fuel filter 12 via the pipe line 11, and the low pressure pump is connected to the intake port of the fuel injection device 15 via the pipe line 14. ing.

The fuel injection device 15 is directly attached to an intake manifold 16 of an internal combustion engine 17, and this internal heat engine is of type 8 cylinders.

The fuel injection device includes a main unit, which will be described later, that is,
It is equipped with a high-pressure pump 18 whose intake port is connected to the fuel pipe line 14, a metering device including a rectifier/distribution valve unit 19, and a metering unit 20.

The high pressure pump 18 and the metering unit 19 are connected to the input shaft 21
and a toothed pulley 22 provided on each of the drive shafts 24,
The input shaft 21 is driven through the pulley 23 at half the rotational speed of the crankshaft, and the internal toothed belt 25 is engaged with the pulley.

The fuel flows from the high pressure pump 18 to the rectification/distribution unit 2 at high pressure.
0 and then returned to the distribution port of the rectifier/distributor valve unit 19, after which it flows from the rectifier/distributor valve unit 19 via the respective conduits 27 to the injectors 26 and continues to these injectors. fuel is supplied.

Three injectors are shown in FIG. 1, which are mounted in openings in intake manifold 16 of internal combustion engine 17. Three injectors are shown in FIG.

Furthermore, the fuel injection device 15 comprises a sensing device or a control device 29 for controlling the operation of the metering unit 2θ to determine the ratio of air to fuel supplied to the internal combustion engine. It has an inlet duct through which air flows toward the intake manifold 16 under the control of a hand-operated valve, such as a butterfly valve.

The fuel injection device also includes a carburetor starting device 30 and a discharge valve 31, and the high pressure pump 18 is connected to the high pressure pump 18 through the discharge valve 31.
Excess fuel from is returned to the tank via line 32.

FIG. 2 shows an example of the above-mentioned fuel injection device, and the main unit shown in FIG. 1 is given the same reference numeral as in FIG. 1.

The main body 33 of the fuel injection device includes an upper part 33a that is a long and narrow chamber in which the high-pressure pump 18 is incorporated, and a rectification/distribution unit 1.
9 and a measuring unit 20.

The lower part 33b, which can be constructed integrally with the upper part 33a, has a box-like shape as a whole and constitutes a chamber 34 connected to a passage 35 of a sleeve-shaped throttle valve mounting part 36, which is connected to the rotating spindle 33. Includes a fixed manual control line valve plate 37.

As shown in FIG. 2, the chamber 34 is open on three sides: the front side, the rear side, and the bottom side, and the mounting part 36 can be attached to any of these open parts, and the other one is closed with a plate, and the remaining one is connected to the intake opening of the intake manifold of the internal combustion engine.

Such a configuration allows the device to be mounted in various positions relative to the internal combustion engine, and allows for effective mounting of accessory parts such as a throttle connection and an air filter.

The chamber 34, which is part of the air intake duct that reaches from the air intake 39 to the open side of the chamber 34, is equipped with a device that detects the absolute pressure factor of the intake air and its temperature and controls the operation of the metering device 20.19. The main components of the control device 29 can be incorporated.

The upper and lower parts 33a and 33b of the main body are formed from lightweight alloy castings such as aluminum alloy.

The rotary vane-shaped high-pressure pump 18 comprises a rotor 40 mounted between stator plates 410, which are separated by a ring 41a having a plurality of radial vanes 42 made of carbon; is drive shaft 2
1, and the drive shaft 21 is rotatably attached to a ball bearing 43 at one end and a bearing 44 of one stator plate 41 at the other end.

Fuel, such as gasoline, enters the space 45 through an intake port (not shown) and, after being pressurized, enters the opening (
(not shown), high pressure fuel is supplied to the space 46.

Metering device, i.e. metering piston-cylinder device 20
Before explaining the details of the rectifying/distributing valve device 19, the operation and overall outline of the metering device will be explained with reference to FIG.

The rectification/distribution valve device includes a rotary carrier 47 fixed to the drive shaft 21 (FIG. 2), and the rotary carrier 41 is formed with a shallow circular recess 47a into which a rotary valve plate 48 is fitted. A large-diameter rotary valve plate 49 is adjacent to this rotary carrier 47 via a rotary valve plate 48, and a side portion 48a of the rotary valve plate 48 is cut flat and engages with a flat side portion of the rotary carrier 4T. Rotary valve plate 4 that is combined by mating, gluing, etc.
8.49 has a configuration VL in which rotation is transmitted.

The rotary valve plate 49 is pressed against the metering cylinder block 50 by a spring 58 (FIG. 2), and a metering cylinder 51 is built into the metering cylinder block 50 in a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotary valve plate. has been done.

The metering cylinder 51 has a built-in piston 52 that moves between stoppers 54 and 55, and the metering cylinder block has outlets g1 to 1 connected to each pipe line 27 leading to the injector 26 (FIG. 1). g6, and their outlets communicate with ports f1 to f6 through passages provided along the axial direction of the block, and these ports communicate with ports d when the rotary valve plate 49 rotates. They are then located in matching positions, thereby providing operation as a dispensing device.

Port of metering cylinder block 50) el, e2
are connected to the upper and lower cylinder chambers s1. of the piston 52 by passages 51a and 51b, respectively. s2, these ports are connected to ports c1 to c6 of the rotary valve plate 49 and a communication passage b2.s2 formed in a blind shape on the left side. b4. The port b of the rotary valve plate 48 communicates with the T-shaped communication path consisting of b6.
11 b37 b5 and act as a rectifying device to move the piston 52 one stroke from the top dead center to the bottom dead center, or conversely, communicate the port d with each of the ports f1 to f6 one after another, thereby controlling the measured amount. of fuel (the amount determined by the stroke length of the piston 520) is distributed to the outlets g1-g6.

A solid arrow 56 indicates the fuel flow toward the upper cylinder space s1 of the cylinder 51 during the downward stroke of the piston 52,
In this case, the piston 52 serves to inject fuel from the lower cylinder space s2 in the direction indicated by the dashed arrow 57 and distributes the fuel from the outlet g6.

This allows the fuel from the high pressure pump to flow through port a1.
．． It reaches the cylinder space S1 through bl, cl, and el.

The fuel from the cylinder space s2 is transferred to the port e2) 84, the communication path b4. b6, ports d, f6 and exit g6.

When the drive shaft rotates a further 60° (corresponding to a rotation angle of 120° of the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine), fuel from the high-pressure pump is transferred to port a5. b5. c5 passes through e2 (which is at the lowest position at this time) and reaches the cylinder space s2.

The fuel in the cylinder space s1 is transferred to the port e0. e2, communication path b2 (at this time in the uppermost position), communication path b6, ports d, fs, and outlet gs.

This position is shown in FIG.

Similarly, after a rotation of 60° following the rotary movement, a movement of the piston 2 in the opposite direction takes place and the metered fuel is dispensed from the next outlet g4.

A spring 68 (FIG. 2) acting between the inner surface of the recess 47a in the carrier 47 and the small diameter rotary valve plate 48 forces the rotary valve plates 48, 49 into contact with the port surface of the metering cylinder block 50. Press.

The rotary valve plates 48, 49 are in close contact with the surface of the metering cylinder block 500, and they are made of a durable material, e.g. carbon, and said block 50 is
Made from steel.

As is clear from the above explanation, the upper and lower stoppers 54,
The spacing between 55 determines the piston 520 stroke;
Determine the amount of fuel dispensed in each stroke.

The position of the lower stopper 55 is adjusted by the control device 29.

This control device 29 is designed to be sensitive to the absolute air pressure in the intake duct, i.e. the chamber 340 section, the air temperature in said chamber and other temperature factors, as described below.

The control device includes a bellows 71 which is evacuated inside and is freely expandable and contractable in the axial direction.

Bellows 71 includes corrugated flexible side walls and rigid end plates 73, 74, with end plate 73 being secured to bushing portion 75 of cam member 76.

The cam member 76 has a truncated conical shape and is eccentrically attached to the shaft γ7.

The cam member has a hollow spindle 7 that opens into the intake port 19.
8.

The other end plate 74 of the bellows is mounted on a sealed bearing 8 provided inside an accelerating piston 81 that is movable in the axial direction within a cylinder 82.
Rotatably mounted via 0.

End plate 74 is mounted to sleeve 83 for rotation therewith, and sleeve 83 forms the output member of summing mechanism 84 .

The summing mechanism 84 has the chamber 3 sensed by the sensing member 85.
4 and the temperature sensed by member 86.

The latter temperature is the temperature acting on the member 86 from the device located in the annular chamber 81.

Due to the cam action of the cam member 76, the position of the lower stopper 55 is adjusted via a tappet 97 having a roller 98.

This change in position is in response to axial movement of the cam member and rotational movement of the cam member, and occurs in response to axial movement of the cam member & pressure changes sensed by the bellows. , the rotational movement of the cam member is caused by rotation caused by either temperature sensing member 85 or temperature sensing member 86, or a combination of both.

The base is about to expand due to an internal spring 71a acting against a spring 78a located on the spiredre 78.

The ratio of the axial movement of the cam member 76 to the absolute pressure must be maintained accurately.

The wall 72 of the bellows (ζ has a certain elasticity, and the spring 71a built into the bellows cannot be adjusted or replaced after being built in, so the spring 11a is used.

The spring constant produced by the combination of springs 78a is
Determined by selection.

The accelerating piston 81 is pushed to the left by a spring 92, but the piston 81 moves to the right in response to a sudden increase in force in four of the three chambers.
The entire bellows moves to the right.

This phenomenon occurs when the throttle valve suddenly opens and the lower stopper 5
This occurs when the stroke of the piston 520 becomes larger due to the lowering of the air flow rate, and the air-fuel mixture becomes air lynched.

The piston 81 passes through this and gradually returns towards the initial position shown in FIG. 2 by leakage of fuel through the sealed bearing.

Temperature sensing members 85, 86 are of the wax capsule type used in internal combustion engine cooling systems for fluid flow control, and include, for example, axially expanding chambers containing a substance such as wax. It is configured to expand in the axial direction.

The mounting portions of these temperature sensing members are respectively supported in the sleeve 85 and the maggot 95, and the end faces of the temperature sensing members constituting the output portion engage with the ends of the adding mechanism.

The summing mechanism 84 acts to algebraically sum the movements of the temperature sensing members 85, 86 comprising a pair of axially fitted sleeves 8B, 89.

Each sleeve 88,89 includes a pair of axially projecting notched cylindrical arms 88a, 89a each having two diametrically opposed slots larger than the quarter circumference of the sleeve.

The arms of one sleeve are axially slidably inserted into the slots of the other sleeve, and the two sleeves are in relative axial sliding relationship, one driving the other.

That is, the temperature sensing member 85 moves the sleeve 88 in the axial direction (the sleeve 88 has an oblique cam groove 90, and the pin 91 (radius (protruding in the direction) is engaged.

The sleeves 88, 89 are pushed apart by a coil spring 92, and the spring 92 is held in contact with the output side of the temperature sensing member 85, 86.

Further, the sleeve 89 has an oblique cam groove 93, and a pin 94 (projecting in the radial direction) fixed to the main body side engages with this cam groove.

As can be seen in FIG. 4, temperature sensing member 85 moves sleeve 88 in the axial direction.

Sleeve 83 is rotated clockwise along cam groove 90 in which pin 91 engages, as indicated by arrow 83a (FIG. 4).

Expansion of temperature sensing member 86 causes sleeve 89 to move in the axial direction, which is rotated clockwise as indicated by arrow 89b by the cam guidance of cam groove 93 relative to pin 94, and in the same direction sleeves 83, 8B is rotated.

This rotational motion is transmitted to the cam member 76 via the bellows 71 that rotates together with the sleeve 83, and the piston 520
The stroke is adjusted.

The temperature factor applied to temperature sensing member 86 may be the temperature of the cooling fluid of the internal combustion engine, in which case the cooling fluid may be passed through chamber 87 .

On the contrary, the space containing the chamber 87 can be omitted, and the housing 95a with the temperature sensing member 86 can be adapted to sense the temperature of the chamber in which the internal combustion engine is located, as shown in FIG. good.

The temperature factor may also be derived from the combustible composition of the exhaust of the internal combustion engine, and the temperature sensing member 86 may be mounted within the combustion chamber and may be communicated to the temperature sensing member 86 by being transmitted as a thermal signal through an electrical device. .

Temperature sensing member 86 can also be arranged to sense more than one temperature factor.

'To prevent the idle link from stalling when the internal combustion engine is cold, the hollow spindle 78 and the cam member 76 are provided with an axially extending slot 78a;
76a may be provided, these slots overlapping each other to permit air supply to the chamber 34 when the bellows and cam member assume a rotational position corresponding to a cooling condition for the temperature sensing member 86.

When the temperature of the temperature sensing member 86 reaches the operating temperature as a temperature factor, the slots are rotationally offset from each other and there is no supplemental supply of air through the interior of the spindle and slots.

The auxiliary supply of air increases the absolute pressure in the chamber 34 (the corresponding opening of the throttle valve), so that the cam member moves axially to the right and the lower stop 55 lowers.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a fuel supply configuration of an internal combustion engine equipped with a fuel injection device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the fuel injection device, and FIG. 3 is an operation of a rectifying/distributing valve unit. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the addition mechanism, and FIG. 5 is a side sectional view of the embodiment of FIG. 2. 51, 52...Measuring device, 83...
Sleeve, 84... Addition mechanism, 85, 86...
---Temperature sensing member, 88, 89, sleeve, 76, cam member, T1, bellows, 91, 94, pin.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A fuel pump that delivers fuel to one or more fuel injectors, installed between the fuel pump and the fuel injectors, and distributes a metered amount of fuel to the downstream side during each cycle of internal combustion engine operation. a metering device driven in synchronized relation to the crankshaft or other rotational output member of the internal combustion engine, and a metering device which controls the operation of the metering device and which controls the amount of fuel in accordance with the load and operating conditions of the internal combustion engine. a sensing device for sensing a factor selected to obtain an appropriate air ratio; said sensing device comprises an output-side sleeve 83 constituting an adding mechanism; The sleeves 88 and 89 are slidably fitted in each other in the axial direction, and the sleeves 88 and 89 have oblique cam grooves 90 and 89, respectively. 93 is provided, and the sleeve 83 is provided in the cam groove 90 of the sleeve 88.
The pin 91 provided in the sleeve 89 engages with the cam groove 93 of the sleeve 89.
A pin 94 provided on the main body 33 side engages with the sleeves 88 and 89, and due to the axial displacement caused by the temperature sensing action of the temperature sensing member, the sleeves 88 and 89 rotate while sliding in the axial direction. Axial movement is caused by sleeve 8
The sleeve 8 is
The sleeve 88 and the sleeve 83 are connected to each other so that the signal is transmitted to the piston 520 of the metering device.A cam member 16 is connected to the sleeve 83 via a bellows 71, and this cam member moves the piston 520 stroke adjusting device of the metering device up and down. A fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine, characterized in that it is configured to follow the movement of the sleeve 83 so as to move in the direction.