JPS5912893B2 - one way clutch - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a one-way clutch having an annular garter spring and a plurality of sprags between inner and outer rings.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a conventional one-way clutch without a retainer has a large number of sprags 3 connected and disposed between an outer ring 1 and an inner ring 2. An annular garter spring 5 was attached to a garter spring insertion groove 4 cut in the sprag, and side plates 6 were disposed adjacent to both end surfaces of the sprag 3.

Such clutches are arranged in such a way that the rotational axes of the respective sprags 3 and the axes of the inner and outer rings are always kept parallel to each other.

Since the directions of movement of the sprag surfaces at the connection point differ as shown by the arrows, the sprags interfere with each other and hinder smooth operation.

Furthermore, since the number of sprags to be installed is determined by the necessity of adjoining the sprags, it is not possible to reduce the number of sprags to be used in accordance with the required torque.

In addition, since the sprag 30 both ends are provided with garter spring insertion grooves 4 which are recesses for mounting the annular garter spring 5, the contact surface between the side plate 6 and both ends of the sprag is small, and the side plate 6 is connected to the sprag 3. This tends to cause local wear due to local pressure in the axial direction.

This obstructed the smooth movement of the sprag.

In particular, in FIG.
(the side that does not come into contact with 0) warped outward, causing increased local wear.

Further, a conventional one-way clutch having a retainer has a sprag mounting hole 7 pressed out of a thin steel plate to form an annular retainer 8, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.

Therefore, so-called burrs tend to occur in the press punched holes, and the sprag mounting hole 7 of the retainer 8 tends to wear out as the sprag moves in the axial direction and rotates around the shaft, hindering smooth movement of the sprag.

The present invention eliminates the above drawbacks.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

The one-way clutch of the present invention is as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6,
A large number of sprags 3 are arranged in an annular manner between an outer ring 1 and an inner ring 2, and each sprag 3 is held between a garter spring 5 and a retainer 9, and the sprags 3 are biased in the engagement direction to form an annular ring. A side plate 10 is disposed between the sprag side surface and the retainer 9.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the sprag 3 has both sides 11.
Garter spring insertion groove 1 is parallel to the side surface in the center of 11.
2, and its outer circumferential surface is formed into an arcuate curved surface 13 on the inner ring side and a cam curved surface 14 which is asymmetrical on the left and right sides as shown in FIG. 7 on the outer ring side.

The groove bottom 15 of the garter spring insertion groove 12 has an inclined surface so that only one end thereof contacts the garter spring 5 when it is disposed between the inner and outer rings as shown in FIG.

As shown in FIGS. 9 to 11, the retainer 9 is made of an elastic wire having a circular cross section and formed into a U-shaped zigzag shape, and its both ends are joined to form an endless annular shape.

The U-shape is composed of a circumferential portion 16 and an axial portion 17, and the axial portion 17 is in sliding contact with the arcuate curved surface 13 of the sprag 3.

As shown in FIGS. 5, 6, 12, and 13, the annular side plate 10 has an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the outer ring 1, and an inner diameter d larger than the outer diameter of the inner ring 2.

Then, recesses 18 are cut out at equal intervals on the inner circumference, and the ends of the axial portions 17 of the retainer 9 are fitted into the recesses 18.

Note that the outer diameter of the retainer 9 is larger than the inner diameter d of the annular side plate 10, but if it is attached to the annular side plate 10 while reducing its outer diameter using the elastic deformation of the wire, the retainer 9 will be The circumferential portion 16 does not interfere with the inner edge of the annular side plate 10.

Furthermore, in order to assemble the one-way clutch of the present invention, the retainer 6, the annular side plate 10, and the garter spring 5 may be integrated and installed between the inner and outer rings, and the axial detent member 19 may be fitted onto the outer ring 1.

Furthermore, in order to disassemble the clutch once assembled, the member 19 is removed from the outer ring, and the retainer 9 and annular side plate 10 are removed.
The garter spring 5 and the garter spring 5 may be separated from the inner and outer rings as one unit.

The one-way clutch of the present invention has the above configuration and has the following effects.

(1) Because each sprag 3 is not exactly the same, as the inner and outer rings come into contact and separate, each sprag 3 moves to the left in Fig. 6, and the other sprags 3 move to the right. Move to.

These sprags 3 press the left and right annular side plates 10 at the same time.

However, as is clear from FIG. 6, the circumferential portions 16 of the retainer 9 abut against the outer sides of the annular side plates 10, reinforcing the side plates 10 against axial forces on either the left or right sides.

Therefore, even a thin annular side plate can sufficiently support the thrust load.

Therefore, there is an effect that a compact one-way clutch can be obtained with a small axial length other than the sprag length.

Furthermore, the garter spring insertion groove 12 is cut in the center of the cam curved surface 14 of the sprag 3, and local wear on the side surface of the sprag 3 does not occur, resulting in a long-life clutch.

(2) Since the axial portion 17 of the retainer 9 is fitted into the recess 18 of the annular side plate 10, an external force applied to the axial portion 17 of the retainer 9 in the radial outward direction and External force in the circumferential direction is supported by the annular side plate 10.

Therefore, the axial portion 17 of the retainer 9 is prevented from moving in those directions, and the sprag 3 slidingly contacts the axial portion 17.
always keep it in place.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 17, it becomes possible to appropriately space the sprags 3, 3, and it is possible to easily design a one-way clutch that is optimal for the required torque transmission.

That is, the number of sprags used can be increased or decreased depending on the required torque, such as by placing sprags between every other retainer as shown in the figure, or by placing sprags between every two retainers.

(3) Since the retainer 9 can be formed from a wire rod with a circular cross section, the sprags 3 and the retainer 9 come into contact with each other on curved surfaces, and the sprags rotate smoothly, making it possible to engage and disengage the one-way clutch extremely smoothly. .

(4) Using a retainer made of wire, the annular side plate 10 can be fitted using its elasticity, and a large number of sprags can be integrally installed between the inner and outer rings, making the one-way clutch assembly work simple and quick. The clutch can be provided at low cost.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, and the retainer 9 may be formed of a U-shaped circumferential portion 1 as shown in FIG.
The lengths of the annular side plates 10 (Ll, L2') may be different between one end and the other end in the axial direction.
The shape may be as shown in FIG. 16.

Further, the retainer 9 is disposed on the outer ring side in FIG. 5, and the sprag is turned upside down to open the garter spring insertion groove 12 on the inner ring side, and a compression spring that springs outward is attached to the groove 12. It may also be a one-way clutch.

In this case, the recess 18 of the annular side plate 10 is cut out in the outer peripheral edge of the side plate 10.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 and 3 are cross-sectional elevational views of main parts of conventional one-way clutches, Figures 2 and 4 are cross-sectional side views of the same, and Figures 5 to 1.
8 shows an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a sectional elevational view of a main part, FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is an elevational view of the sprag 3. The figure is the same right side view, and Figure 9 is the retainer 9.
Fig. 10 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A in Fig. 9.
1 is a perspective view of the retainer 9, and FIG. 12 is an annular side plate 10.
13 is a sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 12, and FIG.
15 and 16 are respectively other embodiments of the annular side plate 10, and FIG. 17 is a sectional elevational view of a main part of a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 18 shows another embodiment of the retainer 9. 1...Outer ring, 2...Inner ring, 3...Sprag, 4,
12... Garter spring insertion groove, 5... Garter spring, 6... Side plate, 7... Sprag mounting hole, 8
, 9... Retainer, 10... Annular side plate, 11...
Side surface, 13... Arc curved surface, 14... Cam curved surface, 15
... Groove bottom, 16... Circumferential portion, 17... Axial portion, 18... Recessed portion, 19... Axial direction stopper member, 2
0...Stopper ring.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 In a one-way clutch having a plurality of sprags interposed annularly between the inner and outer rings, a garter spring insertion groove is cut in the middle of both sides of the sprag, and each sprag is fitted into the insertion groove. a garter spring that biases in the engagement direction; an annular retainer formed of a wire rod in a U-shaped zigzag shape with an axial portion and a circumferential portion; and a ring-shaped retainer that holds the sprag between the axial portion and the garter spring; A pair of annular side plates are respectively interposed between the direction part and both side surfaces of the sprag, and the axial part of the retainer is fitted into a recessed part of the circumference of the side plate to prevent movement of the retainer; A one-way clutch having an outer peripheral shape of a sprag formed so as to be able to slide into and rotate an axial portion as the inner and outer rings engage and disengage.