JPS5914654B2 - torque converter - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a torque converter, and more particularly to a torque converter equipped with a lubricating oil passage for a one-way clutch attached to a stator impeller.

In a torque converter, the stator impeller is connected to the stator shaft foot, which is a fixed member, in the so-called converter region where a torque ratio is obtained with a small speed ratio, which is the ratio of the rotation speed of the turbine impeller to the rotation speed of the pump impeller. Furthermore, in the so-called coupling region where the speed ratio is dog and the torque ratio is approximately 1, a one-way clutch is disposed between the stator impeller and the stator shaft in order to disengage the stator impeller from the stator shaft and allow it to rotate freely. .

As the one-way clutch, a Sugelag or lawn type is generally used.

Therefore, the outer race fixed to the stator impeller slides and rotates with respect to the inner race fixed to the stator shaft through the sliding lug or roller, which are both members, especially when the stator impeller rotates freely. It is necessary to provide sufficient forced lubrication or natural lubrication of the friction surfaces.
Particularly in the case of natural lubrication, the circulation of lubricating oil must be complete.

In conventional torque converters, a space is formed in advance between the thrust washers provided on both sides of the one-way clutch attached to the stator impeller and the race surface of the outer or inner race, and the operation of the torque converter is The fluid was guided to the friction surface, but the oil was drained very passively by using the gaps between the one-way clutch components.

For this reason, in a torque converter equipped with a one-way clutch, the centering of the inner race and outer race is performed using a thrust washer that is pre-assembled to a sugerag, roller, or cage (retainer). Since it only guides the working fluid of the torque converter, it causes poor lubrication of both races and abrasion powder accumulates, which in turn causes abnormal wear on the one-way clutch and hinders the free rotation of the stator impeller. , there was a problem in that it reduced the efficiency of the torque converter.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a torque converter that eliminates the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks and is highly durable.

The present invention forms a circulation flow path for the working fluid of a torque converter between both sides of a stator impeller, a pump impeller, and a turbine impeller, and between both sides of a one-way clutch attached to the stator impeller. This is a torque converter having a structure in which passages are formed separately on both sides of the one-way clutch to communicate chambers for accommodating connection/disconnection members of the one-way clutch with respective circulation channels.

As a result, abrasion powder on the friction surface of the one-way clutch is discharged from the chamber housing the connection/disconnection member.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a torque converter, and the torque converter 1 is driven via a drive plate 3 directly connected to a crankshaft 2 of an engine, a front disc grating 4, and a front cover 5.

When the pump impeller 6 fixed to the front disk plate 4 rotates, the fluid in the torque converter 1 flows counterclockwise as viewed in FIG.

The fluid discharged from the pump blade row 61 of the pump impeller 6 transmits torque to the turbine blade row T1 of the turbine runner 7, causing the turbine runner 7 to rotate in the same direction as the pump impeller 6.

This drives the input shaft 9 of the transmission via the turbine hub 8 fixed to the turbine runner 7.

The fluid discharged from the turbine blade row 71 transmits torque to the guide vane row 101 of the stator wheel 10 .

This torque acts in the opposite direction to the rotational direction of the pump impeller 6, or the stator wheel 10 is fixed to the one-way clutch 11 and does not rotate, so that the flow of fluid that has entered the stator wheel 10 is limited to the guide vane row. 101, the direction is changed to the same direction as the rotation direction of the pump impeller 60, and the pump impeller 6 is rotated again.
Enter.

12 is a stator shaft fixed to a transmission case (not shown), and 13 is an extension sleeve fixed to the pump impeller 6.

14 is interposed between the stator shaft 12 and the extension sleeve 13, and the sleeve 1
The bearing 16 is positioned by a snap ring 15 fitted into the bearing 3, and the spacer 16 is interposed between the one-way clutch 11 and the inner ring of the bearing 14, and as a result, the bearing 16 is positioned on the stator shaft 12. It is set up.

Further, the one-way clutch 11 is positioned by snap rings 17 and 18 fitted into the stator wheel 10.

A bearing 19 is interposed between the front disk 4, the front cover 5, and the input shaft 9, and supports the shaft 9.

20 is the front disk 4 and the turbine knob 8;
This is a thrust washer interposed between the

Next, the one-way clutch 11 which forms the main part of the present invention
To describe the specific configuration, the one-way clutch 11 includes an outer race 112 fixed to the inside of the blade portion of the stator wheel 10, an inner race 111 spline-fitted to the stator shaft 12, and the inner race 1.
11, 112, and two cages 113, 114, an inner and outer ring, each having a circular shape and having a plurality of holes formed at predetermined positions on the circumferential surface thereof, and a cage 113, 114 fitted in the holes of the cages 113, 114. and a plurality of gourd-shaped sedge lugs 115 that rotate the outer race 112 in only one direction by contacting both the race surfaces, and both the races 111 and 112.
an annular protrusion fitted to both race surfaces from both side surfaces perpendicular to the axial direction for centering the race surface, and an oil passage passing through a predetermined location on the circumference of the protrusion in the axial direction; 11
6a.

117a'fr: Thrust washer with 116.1
It consists of 17.

Based on the above structure, the flow of lubricating oil and the flow of the working fluid of the torque converter will be mainly explained regarding the one-way clutch 11 as its function.

Lubricating oil is sent from a secondary regulator valve (not shown) from the flow path between the stator shaft 12 and the extension sleeve 13 to the components of the torque converter 1 that form the flow path 22 as indicated by the solid arrow in the first diagram. A gap on one side of the stator wheel 10 (on the right side in the first diagram)
The spacer 16 circulates through the pump impeller 6, the turbine runner 7, and the stator wheel 10 through a gap defined as an introduction path between the main impeller 6 and the extension sleeve 13, and the stator wheel 10 forming the flow path 23. From the gap with the terpino runner 7, which serves as a lead-out path defined between the other side of the stator wheel 10 (the left side in the first drawing) and the turbine runner I, the main flow flows between the input shaft 9 and the stator shaft 12.
Does it flow to an oil cooler (not shown) through the gap between the
The branched flow from the main stream flows from the oil passage 116a of one thrust washer 116 of the one-way clutch 11 to the cage 11.
The other thrust washer 1 is inserted through the gap between 3 and 114.
The one-way clutch 11, which is the main part of the present invention, is completely lubricated by the flow of oil into the oil passage 117a of No. 17, and then into the pump impeller 6, where this action is repeated.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.

However, the same reference numerals as those described in FIG. 1 will be omitted.

The one-way clutch 21 shown in the second diagram is the same as the one-way clutch 21 shown in the first diagram.
1, two rows of through holes (oil passages) 2 are provided in the axial direction at predetermined locations on the circumferential surfaces of the two thrust washers 216 and 217.
16a, 216b, and 217a, 217b' to ensure that lubricating oil is supplied to and discharged from the one-way clutch 21.

The one-way clutch 31 shown in FIG. 3 is different from the one shown in FIG. Oil passages 311a and 31i serve as oil fill ports.
b, and the inner lace 3110 on the outer lace 312.
Corresponding to the oil passages 311a and 311b, 312a and 312b mainly serve as oil drain ports, and one thrust washer 317 that communicates with one oil passage 311a of the outer race 312.
A notched groove or oil passage 317a formed in the thrust washer 316 and a notched groove or oil passage 316a formed in the other thrust washer 316 communicating with the other oil passage 311b allow lubricating oil to be supplied and discharged to the one-way clutch 31 by centrifugal force. It is a natural flow.

1'' Note that the chain line arrows shown in the third figure indicate the flow of lubricating oil when the rotation speed of the turbine runner 7 in FIG. 1 becomes approximately equal to the rotation speed of the pump impeller 6. Including FIGS. 1 and 2, the rotational speed of the turbine runner 7 is lower than the rotational speed of the pump impeller 60.

Furthermore, one-way clutch 11°21 in Figures 1 and 2
Regarding this, it can be said that the flow of lubricating oil is opposite to the direction of the solid line arrow when the number of rotations of the turbine runner 7 is approximately equal to the number of rotations of the impeller 6.

Furthermore, in each of the embodiments, the sprag 115 has been described, but even if it is replaced with a roller, its function is substantially the same.

As described in detail above, according to the present invention, the working fluid is supplied between both sides of the stator impeller, the pump impeller, and the turbine impeller, and to each side of the one-way clutch that appropriately incorporates the stator impeller into the stator shaft. is introduced into the working blade row part and forms a circulation flow path leading out from there,
It is formed by thrust washers arranged on both sides of both races to concentrically support the outer race, inner race, and corera of the one-way clutch, and to prevent relative displacement of both races in the axial direction, and accommodates the connection and disconnection member. The room where
By communicating with each of the circulation channels through channels formed separately on both sides of the one-way clutch, in conjunction with the circulation of the working fluid of the torque converter, one channel can access the chamber containing the internal tax portion. This creates a flow to the other flow path, ensuring that lubricating oil is supplied and discharged to the friction surfaces of the connection and disconnection members, and prevents abrasion powder from accumulating between the components of the one-way clutch. It has excellent effects such as preventing abnormal wear of the one-way clutch, smoothing the operation of the stator impeller, and eliminating interference with its free rotation, and maintaining the performance of the torque converter over a long period of time. It is something to play.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a torque converter according to the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are cross-sectional views showing main parts of other embodiments of the present invention. Explanation of attached numbers, 1: Torque converter, 6: Pump impeller, 7: Turbine impeller, 10 Nistator impeller, 11:
One-way clutch, 12: Stator shaft, 111
, 311: Inner lace, 112. 312 Near outer lace, 113, 114° 115 Two connection and detachment members, 116, 11
7,216°217.316,317: Thrust washers 116a, 117a, 216a, 216b, 217a
. 217b, 311a, 311b, 312a, 312b'
Passage, 16: Spacer, 22.23 Two-circulation channel.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A pump impeller, a turbine impeller, a stator impeller that is disposed between the two impellers and guides working fluid from the turbine impeller to the pump impeller and returns it, and a stator shaft that is a member that fixes the stator impeller. an outer race fixed to the inside of the stator impeller so as to be able to be connected and disconnected as necessary; an inner race that is locked to the stator shaft;
Both race members are arranged in a space formed by the inner race and the outer race, and both the outer and inner races are supported concentrically on both sides of the race members, and relative displacement in the axial direction of both races is provided. In order to suppress a one-way clutch with a thrust washer in contact with the pump impeller, defining an introduction path between one side of the stator impeller and the spacer and the pump impeller, and defining an introduction path between the other side of the stator impeller and the turbine impeller. A chamber is formed on both sides of the one-way clutch, defining an outlet path therebetween to form a circulation path for the working fluid of the torque converter, and forming a chamber formed by both the outer and inner races of the one-way clutch and the thrust washer. A torque converter in which passages communicating with each of the circulation passages are formed separately on both sides of a one-way clutch.