JPS5918083B2 - Solvent composition for dehydration - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to novel solvent compositions for removing moisture from various solid surfaces.

More specifically, the present invention relates to a dehydrating solvent composition obtained by adding a surfactant obtained by neutralizing an alkoxyalkylamine with an organic acid to a halogenated hydrocarbon solvent.

BACKGROUND ART In the manufacturing or processing process of various mechanical or electronic parts made of metal, plastic, glass, ceramic products, or combinations thereof, various water treatments are performed, including washing with water for the purpose of removing dirt.

After this process, water droplets or moisture attached to the article are
Rapid removal is often required to prevent rust from forming on metal surfaces or to improve process efficiency.

Conventionally, water has been removed by natural drying, hot air drying, or dehydration drying by dissolving water with a water-soluble solvent such as alcohol or acetone.

However, the former method takes a long time to dry, and
Disadvantages include that it cannot be applied to precision equipment parts such as lenses or electronic equipment parts such as semiconductors, as it leaves a ring after drying, metals tend to rust, and heating may affect the material. There is.

Furthermore, the latter method has the disadvantage that the solvents are flammable and toxic, posing a risk of fire or injury, and that the solvent must be recycled or disposed of after use.

However, recently, certain types of surfactants have been added to water-incompatible solvents such as halogenated hydrocarbons, and water droplets or moisture can be removed from the surfaces of various articles by immersing them in such solvent compositions. A method has been discovered, and this method has been attracting attention as an extremely safer and simpler method than the above-mentioned methods.

Such a dehydrating solvent composition first has a dehydrating ability that can quickly and completely dehydrate the surface of an article, and then the removed water quickly and completely separates into two phases without forming an emulsion with the solvent. Must have performance.

Furthermore, the added surfactant is required to be poorly soluble in water, difficult to be carried out by the aqueous phase, and to maintain these properties for a long period of time.

So far, as surfactants with such properties, alkylamine salts of alkylphosphoric acids (Japanese Patent Publication No. 1983-3873), organic acid salts of oxyalkylenealkylamines (
Special Publication No. 52-43192, Publication No. 53-1236),
A method using a substituted amine salt of dialkyl sulfosuccinic acid and an amine having an oxyalkylene group or a derivative thereof (JP-A-53-58494) or a fatty acid salt of N-alkylpropylene diamine (JP-A-51-75680), etc. is proposed.

However, in general, in compositions with excellent dehydration ability, the removed water and solvent tend to form an emulsion, making phase separation difficult. It is difficult to say that it has excellent phase separation ability.

The present inventors conducted intensive studies to develop a dehydrating agent composition with excellent dehydration ability and phase separation ability, and found that the general formula (R40R2NH2''JJ
(Organic acid) The present invention was achieved by discovering that a solvent composition containing an organic acid salt of an alkoxyalkylamine represented by R1: alkyl group and R2: alkylene group can achieve the above object. .

That is, the present invention is a novel solvent composition characterized by containing a surfactant consisting of a salt obtained by neutralizing the above-mentioned specific alkoxyalkylamine with an organic acid, and this composition is suitable for dehydration from a solid surface. It has excellent performance in terms of capacity and phase separation between water and solvent, maintains this performance even during long-term use, and does not contaminate or corrode the articles being treated.

When a normal alkylamine is used as a surfactant, alkyl phosphoric acid (Japanese Patent Publication No. 3873/1973), etc.
While fully satisfactory results cannot be obtained unless a special organic acid is used, it is possible to use any organic acid by simply using an amine having one ether bond in the alkyl chain, that is, an alkoxyalkylamine. It can be said that it is an unexpected result that good results can be obtained.

The alkoxyalkylamine referred to in the present invention has the general formula R,
-0-R2-NH2 (in the formula, R1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, and R2 is an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms), and has one ether bond in the chain. A linear or branched amine having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, which may have an unsaturated bond or a cyclic structure in the chain, and some of the alkyl groups may be alicyclic. included.

Note that if the alkoxy group is present too far away from the amine group, the phase separation property will decrease, so the alkoxyalkyl group has a structure in which the alkoxy group and the amine group are bonded by 1 to 6 carbon chains, more preferably 2 or 3 carbon chains. Amines are suitable.

Such alkoxyalkylamines include those in the general formula in which R1 is butyl, isobutyl, hexyl, cyclohexyl, 2-ethylhexyl, n-octyl, lauryl, stearyl, allyl group, and R2 is ethylene, trimethylene, cyclohexylene, etc. Typical examples include 2-(2-ethylhexyloxy)etheno1amine, 3-(n-octyloxy)propylamine, 2-allyloxypropylamine, 2-butoxycyclohexylamine, 2-(2- ethylhexyloxy)
Specific examples include cyclohexylamine.

Examples of organic acids that form salts with the specific amines include aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acids (RCOOH), alkyl sulfuric acids (RO8O3H), alkyl and aryl sulfonic acids (R8O3H), and mono- or dialkyl phosphoric acids [RO8O3H].
PO3H2, (RO)2P02H], etc. are used.

The alkyl mentioned here may be straight chain or branched, having 4 to 20 carbon atoms, and may have an unsaturated bond or a cyclic structure in the chain.

For example, valeric acid, caproic acid, caprylic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, stearic acid, cyclohexanoic acid, oleic acid, sorbic acid, sebacic acid, benzoic acid, lauryl sulfate, lauryl sulfonic acid. , dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, dioctylsulfosuccinic acid, mono- or di-2-ethylhexylphosphoric acid, and the like.

However, when using the above-mentioned organic acid salt of amine, if both alkyl groups are long, water and solvent will easily form an emulsion, and if they are too short, the solubility in water will be poor, so this should be taken into consideration. The following combinations are effective:

Typical combinations include 2-(2-ethylhexyloxy)ethylamine caprate, 2-lauryloxyethylamine 2-ethylhexanoate, 3(n-hexyloxy)propylamine caprylate, 3-( 2-
ethylhexyloxy)propylamine pelargonate, 3-(n-octyloxy)propylamine 2ethylhexyl phosphate, 2-methoxylaurylamine
Examples include lauryl sulfate.

In the present invention, a mixture of two or more of the above amines or organic acids may be used, or a mixture of two or more amine salts may be used.

The halogenated hydrocarbon used in the present invention has fluorine in the molecule,
1 carbon atom containing at least one chlorine or bromine atom
It is a flame-retardant or non-combustible compound that is liquid at room temperature and has a temperature of 1,1,2-to-IJ chloro-1,2,2-4-lifluoroethane, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloro- 1,
These include 2-difluoroethane, trichlorofluoromethane, dichlorobromofluoromethane, trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, methylene chloride, and carbon tetrachloride.

Furthermore, a mixture of two or more of these solvents or a mixture with other solvents can also be used, if necessary.

In particular, 1,1.2-)lifluoro1.2.2-)lifluoroethane is non-flammable, has low toxicity, is extremely chemically stable, is not susceptible to hydrolysis, and does not dissolve plastics, elastomers, etc., so it is a basic material. Stable metal processing without damaging the material.
It can remove moisture from the surfaces of various solids such as organic polymers, glass, and ceramics, and because it has a low boiling point, the solvent evaporates quickly and does not require a drying process, making it the most suitable solvent.

In the present invention, the amount of organic acid salt of alkoxyalkylamine added to the halogenated hydrocarbon solvent is usually 0.01.
A range of 10% to 10% by weight is preferable, but if the amount added is small, the dehydration ability will not be sufficient and 1. On the other hand, if the surfactant is too large, a large amount of the surfactant will remain on the surface of the article, causing surface contamination such as the adhesion of lumps, so a weight range of 0.1 to 5 is particularly preferable.

EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples.

Comparative example 1 Clean stainless steel miniature bearing (R-156
0) After immersing 30 pieces in 100 g of water and shaking well, they were transferred to a Buchner funnel and most of the water was removed by suction filtration (operation-1).

This was poured into 100 Tnl of solvent, and after being immersed for 1 minute while absorbing water droplets floating on the surface of the solvent with an aspirator, it was immediately transferred to a dry Buchner funnel and the solvent was removed by suction (operation-2).

Next, this was transferred to another dry Buchner funnel, and washed with a predetermined amount of dehydrated methanol to absorb residual water (operation-3).

The water content in this washing liquid was determined by the Karl Fischer method.

Let this be an A-gram. In addition, a white test was conducted in the same manner as above except that Step 2 was omitted, and the moisture content (B grams) was determined.

The water removal rate was calculated using the following formula.

These results are shown in Table 1.

Example 1 1.1.2-4 Lichloro1.2.2-Trifluoroethane was added with various organic acid salts of alkoxyalkylamines.
．． Table 2 shows the results of determining the water removal rate in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 using a solvent added by weight of 5%.

Example 2 Clean nylon gear (diameter 15mm, thickness 2m711)
), the concentration of 3-(2-ethylhexyloxy)propylamine pelargonate and 2-(n-octyloxy)ethylamine 2-ethylhexanoate was varied in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1. Table 3 shows the results of determining the water removal rate.

Example 3 Pelargonic acid salt of 3-lauryloxypropylamine 0
．． Table 4 shows the results of determining the water removal rate in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 using a solvent to which 5% by weight was added.

Comparative Example 2, Example 4 The following experiments were conducted to clarify the effects of amine salt surfactants on the phase separation between water and solvent, and their sustainability.

Put 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane 101 containing 0.5% by weight of surfactant into a 100ml glass bottle with a lid, add water from 21 and mix vigorously for 30 seconds. Shake.

This was allowed to stand, and the time required for the water and solvent to completely separate into two phases was measured, and the transparency of both phases was observed at the same time.

After both phases became almost transparent, only the aqueous phase of the test solution was removed by suction using an aspirator, 20.9% water was newly added, and the same test was repeated 10 times.

Thereafter, the aqueous phase of the test liquid was removed, and the water removal rate was determined in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1. The results are shown in Table 5.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1 A halogenated hydrocarbon solvent having the general formula R, -0-R2-NH2 (wherein, R1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, and R
2 is an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. However, the total number of carbon atoms in R1tR2 is 6 to 30. ) and a salt of an organic acid selected from the group consisting of aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acids, alkyl sulfates, alkyl and aryl sulfonic acids, and mono- or dialkyl phosphoric acids. solvent composition for use.