JPS5921422B2 - Unlocking device using card - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] This invention is an unlocking device using a card, and is particularly suitable for a hotel where there are many rooms that need to be locked and the person who unlocks the lock changes frequently. Relating to an unlocking device using an applicable card.

The hotel has many rooms that need to be locked.

The door of each room is usually equipped with a mechanical lock, such as a tumbler lock, which can be opened and closed with a key.

With a lock that opens and closes with a key, you have to hand over the key to use the room and pick it up after use, which requires a lot of effort to manage the keys.

Furthermore, if the key is lost, the lock itself needs to be replaced as a crime prevention measure against those who find it, which takes time and money.

Therefore, we installed an automatic unlocking device that unlocks the lock using an electrical signal, and installed a card league on the door, a storage device that stores the secret number, and an arithmetic processing unit, and locks the door using the card on which the secret number is recorded. A solution has been devised.

This device compares the secret number read from the card by the card reader with the secret number stored in the storage device, and unlocks when the two numbers match.

Then, each time the user of the same room changes, a card with a new secret number recorded is handed to the user.

The secret number is changed at a central control unit that centrally controls a large number of rooms, and the new secret number that has been changed is transmitted each time from the central control unit to the storage device of the corresponding room.

Therefore, with this method, communication cables must be installed between the central control unit and the lock/unlock devices in all rooms, which increases equipment costs and requires maintenance and inspection at appropriate intervals. Nara (゛.

Therefore, an unlocking device using a card is desired, which does not require communication cables between the central control unit and the locking and unlocking devices in each room.

This invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and the secret number can be changed every time the user changes, so there is no need to take special security measures against loss or abandonment of the card. Furthermore, the present invention provides an unlocking device using a card that does not require a table between the central control device and can be installed at low cost.

Hereinafter, a case will be described in which the present invention is applied to doors of a large number of rooms in a hotel with reference to the drawings.

1 to 3 show an overview of the process from issuing a card to unlocking a door using this card.

A card issuing machine 1 is installed at the front desk of a hotel.

When a card 2 having a magnetic stripe 3 is inserted into a card issuing machine, required card data is magnetically recorded on the magnetic stripe 3 according to a procedure described later.

This card data includes a hotel code H1, a room number N, a secret number G, two types of auxiliary numbers A and B, and a designation code C for selecting the auxiliary number.

In Figure 2, these numbers or codes G, A,
A subscript 2 is added to B and C to indicate the number of times a card is issued to the same unlocking device.

When the card 2 is issued, this card 2 is handed over to the user who uses the corresponding room.

The door 4 of each room is provided with an unlocking device, and this unlocking device includes a card reader 5.

A card reader 5 is mounted on the outside of the door 4.

A fixed knob 6 is also provided on the outside of the door 4, and a room number N is displayed at the top.

The card reader 5 is of a manual scanning type, and when the user inserts the card 2 into the card reader 5 and scans it, the door 40 is unlocked.

Of course, an automatic scanning type card reader can also be used.

Figure 4 shows the external appearance of the locking device installed on each door of each room in the hotel.

This locking device has an automatic locking function, and when the door 4 is closed, the trigger bolt 8 is activated, the latch 7 is fixed, and the door is automatically locked.

When the card 2 is inserted into the card reader 5 as described above, the unlocking solenoid 27 (FIG. 5), which will be described later, is energized.
And the indicator light 12 lights up.

Then, when the button 9 of the knob 6 is pressed, the lunch is released and the lock is unlocked.

This locking device is equipped with an auxiliary mechanism for unlocking by mechanical operation using a key, and the lock is unlocked by inserting the key into the keyhole 11 and turning it.

Further, an inner bundle (not shown) is provided on the inner side of the door 4, and the door can be freely unlocked using this bundle.

The card issuing machine 1 includes a storage device that stores a secret number G and a designated code C, a random number generator that generates auxiliary numbers A and B and a designated code C, and an arithmetic device that creates the secret number G through arithmetic processing that will be described later. I'm here.

The secret number G and designation code C of the card issued last time for a certain room are represented by GICl with a subscript 1 added to them, and the secret number G, auxiliary numbers A, and B of the card issued this time for the same room are expressed as GICl. and G2. A2. B2. It is represented by C2.

The previous secret number G and designation code C1 are stored in the storage device.

The card issuing machine 1 creates the current secret number G2 from the previous secret number G1 and designation code C3, and either the current auxiliary number A2 or B2.

Here, the designated code export and supplementary number A2. B2 is a random number and is read from a random number generator.

Auxiliary numbers A and B may be any number of digits, but 3, 4
Digits are preferred.

The designation code C1 was read out when the secret number G1 was created last time, and when the secret number 02 is created this time, the designation code C2 is read out for the next time.

The specified code C takes a value of either 1 or 0,
Auxiliary number A or B is selected depending on the value.

In this embodiment, when the designation code C is 1, the auxiliary number A is selected, and when the designation code is ch:o, the auxiliary number B is selected.

There are many calculation methods to create this secret number G2.

For example, G22Gu-(A2 or B2) ・-(1
)G2=G, ×(A2 or B 2) −(2
)G2=mXGI+nX (A2 or B 2 )
°° (3) G2”” (Gl) 2mo (A2 or B2)
“°°(4), etc.

Here, m + n is a constant, and is stored in the storage device of the card issuing machine 1 and in the RAIVI 40 of the unlocking device 10, which will be described later.

In this way, the current secret number G2 is the previous secret number G
1 so that the required relationship exists between the two.

In this example, the (υ) equation is used (·ru).

When a new secret number G2 is created by the card issuing machine 1,
This secret number G2, the auxiliary number A read from the random number generator
2 + 82, designation code C2, hotel code H
and the room number N are stored on the card and a card 2 is issued.

The current secret number G2 and designation code C2 are stored in the storage device instead of the previous secret number G1 and designation code C1, and the secret number and designation code are updated.

FIG. 5 shows an unlocking device 10 provided on the door 4. As shown in FIG.

The unlocking device 10 includes a card reader 5, a timer 25,
A flip-flop 26 (represented by FF), an unlocking solenoid 27, an arithmetic circuit 20, and an arithmetic register 21.
22 (represented by R,, R2), a flag 23 (represented by F) for storing calculation results, a register group 30 for storing various data, and a RAM 40 for storing data.

In this embodiment, the unlocked state is maintained for a certain period of time T after unlocking, and after this time T has elapsed, the locked state is returned again.

A timer 25 is used to measure this fixed time T.

The register group 30 is composed of six registers 31 to 36.

The RAM 40 also stores an area 41 for storing the hotel code H, an area 42 for storing the room number N, an area 43 for storing the secret number G, an area 44 for storing the designation code C, and a set time T for the timer 25. A storage area 45 is provided.

The unlocking device 10 reads the data on the card 2 and stores the secret number G in the card data in the storage area 4 of the RAM 40.
3, the lock will be released if there is a relationship between the secret number G and the following ().

The first case is when the secret number G read by the card reader 5 matches the secret number G in the storage area 43.

The other one is the secret number G read by the card reader 5.
This is a case where the secret number G in the storage area 43, the auxiliary numbers A and B for card/data hanging, and the designation code C in the storage area 44 are in the relationship of equation 0).

In other words, each number in the card data G 2 m A
2 m B 2, contents of memory area 43°44 G,
, C, these secret numbers G1. G2 is auxiliary number A2 or B2 selected by designation code C3
If the relationship of formula (1) is satisfied using , the lock is released.

In this case, since the user of the room number N has changed, the secret number G2 and designation code C2 in the card data are replaced with G, , C, and stored in the memory area 43 of the RAM 40.
゜44 respectively.

(・The memory areas 41, 42, and 45 of the RAM 40 contain the hotel code H1, room number N, and timer 25, respectively.
It is assumed that each set time T is stored in advance.

Furthermore, the flip-flop 26 has been reset.

Referring to FIG. 6, when card 2 is inserted into card reader 5, card 2 is read and the read card data is read into register group 30 (step 100).

Then, the hotel code H in the storage area 41 of the RAM 40 is placed in the register R1 (step 101), and the hotel code H in the register 31 is placed in the register R2 (step 102) to check the hotel code.

The contents of both registers R1 and 'R2 are subtracted and the result is O.
If so, set flag F to 1, and if the subtraction result is other than O, set flag F to 0 (step 103).

Then, checking the state of flag F, if flag F is 1, then the hotel code H in the card data is correct, and the next step is to check the room number N at step 1050.

If the flag F is 0, the hotel code H is incorrect and an unauthorized card is being used (.), so the process ends without unlocking.

In step 105, the room number N in the storage area 42 of the RAM 40 is checked, as in the case of checking the hotel code H.
into register R1, then register 320 room number N
h into register R2 (step 106), subtracts the contents of both registers R1*R2, and if the result is 0, sets flag F to 1 (step 107).

Then, the state of the flag F is checked (step 108), and if it is 1, it is assumed that the room number N is correct, and the process moves to step 109 to check the secret number G.

If the flag F is O, the process ends and the lock is not unlocked.

The registers 33 to 36 contain the current secret number G2, designation code C2, auxiliary number A2. B2 are respectively stored, and the previous secret number G1 and designation code C1 are stored in the storage areas 43 and 44 of the RAM 40.

In step 109, the secret number G stored in the storage area 43.

(G1) and puts it into register R1, then puts the contents G2 of register 33 into register R2 (step 110
), the contents of both registers R1s and R2 are subtracted, and if the subtraction result is O, the flag F is set to 1 (step 11
1).

If the subtraction result is not O, flag F is set to 0.

Then, checking the state of flag F (step 112), 1
If so, proceed to step 113; if O, proceed to step 1
Move on to 18.

Since the contents of area 43 of RAM 40 are G1 and the contents of register 33 are G2, these secret numbers do not match, and the result in step 112 is No.

This is a case where the owner of the room with room number N changes and a new card is issued.

Therefore, next, it is checked whether the two numbers G, , G2 are related by the equation (1).

In step 118, the designation code C1 stored in the area 44 of the RAM 40 is read out and the register RIK/\
Put L, then O into register R2 (step 119)
, the contents of both registers R1 and R2 are subtracted, and if the result is O, flag F is set to 1, and if the result of subtraction is 1, flag F is set to O (step 120).

Then, check the state of flag F and if it is O, auxiliary number A2
The process proceeds to step 122 to select ``■'', and if the result is ■, the process proceeds to step 124 to select the auxiliary number B2 (step 121).

In either case, first put the secret number G of the area 43 into the register R1 (steps 122 and 124), and if the flag F is O, put the auxiliary number A2 of the register 35 into the register R2 (step 123), If flag F is 1, auxiliary number B2 of register 36 is placed in register R2 (step 125).

Then, the secret number G+ in register R1 and the auxiliary number A2 or horse in register R2 are added, and the result is placed in register R (step 126).

Read secret number G2 from register 33 and register R2
(Step 127), subtract the contents of R1*R2, and if the result is 0, set flag F to 1, and if the result is 0, set flag F to O (step 127). 128).

The content of register R1 is the sum of secret number G1 and auxiliary number A2 or B2, and the content of register R2 is the sum of secret number G1 and auxiliary number A2 or B2.
2, so if the above subtraction result is 0, this means that the above secret numbers G1 and G2 satisfy the relationship of equation (1).

Therefore, in this case, the process proceeds to unlocking.

If the subtraction result in step 128 is not O, both secret numbers G
3. G2 has the relationship of equation (1) (.

Therefore, if flag F is 00 (step 129
) finishes processing without unlocking.

In this way, if the secret number stored in the RAM 40 and the secret number recorded on the card 2 do not have a certain relationship (for example, Expression 1), the lock cannot be unlocked.

If flag F is 1 in step 129, register 3
The current secret number G2 stored in 3 is written to area 43 of RAM 40 to update the secret number (step 13).
0).

Furthermore, the designation code C2 of the register 34 is written into the storage area 44 of the RAM 40 to update the designation code and prepare for the next issued card (step 131).

After the above processing, the set time T which is stored in the area 45 of the RAM 40 is read out and entered in the timer 25 (step 113), and the flip-flop FF is set (step 114).

When the flip-flop FF is set, the solenoid 27
works, so it is unlocked.

Step 115), the timer 25 counts the time by -1 from the content of the timer 25 until the content of the timer 25 becomes O.
When the content becomes O (step 116), the flip-flop FF is reset (step 117).

In this way, the unlocked state is maintained only for a certain period of time T during which the flip-flop FF is turned on.

Note that the time measurement process in step 115 is performed using the register R1s R.
2 may be used to perform the subtraction process.

Since the secret number in the area 43 of the RAM 40 has been updated from G1 to G2 in step 130, if you use the same card (and try to unlock it again), the contents of the register 33 and the contents of the storage area 43 will match. (Step 11
2 (YES).

In this case, the process proceeds to step 113, where the flip-flop FF is turned on and unlocked for a certain period of time T as described above.

In steps 122 to 128, the auxiliary number A2 or B2 is added to the previous secret number G, and a match between this addition result and the current secret number G2 is checked.
It is also possible to subtract the auxiliary number A2 or B2 from 2 and check whether the subtraction result matches the previous secret number G1.

An example of this procedure is shown in FIG.

Regardless of the state of flag F in step 121, first enter the current secret number G2 from register 33 into register R1 (steps 132, 134), then add auxiliary number A2 or B2 to register 35 or 36 depending on the state of flag F. from there to register R2 (step 133 or 134).

Then, the contents of both registers R1 and R2 ('1) are subtracted and the result is stored in register R1 (step 136).

The secret number G1 of area 43 of RAM 40 is stored in register R2.
(step 137), subtracts the contents of both registers R1m and R2, and sets flag F to 1 or 0 depending on the result of this subtraction (step 138).

Instead of a master key that unlocks the doors of all or a few rooms in a hotel, a card can have the same function as a master key.

If such a card is called a master card, the unlocking device 10 described above can be applied to the master card as well.

The Master Card has a Master Card on the magnetic stripe.
Record the code that identifies the card, the secret number, the designated code, and the supplementary number.

On the other hand, the code indicating that it is a master card, the secret number, and the previous designation code are stored in a predetermined storage area of the RAM 40, and the card data of the master card is read by the card league 5, and the card data of the master card is first read. If the codes match, the card's secret number and R
Check if it matches the AM40 secret number.

The lock will be unlocked if both secret numbers change.

If you lose your MasterCard or need to change your MasterCard's secret number, use the previous secret number and designated code to record the secret number and auxiliary number that satisfy the relationship in equation 0). issued Master Card.

When unlocking using this new master card, the same process as steps 118 to 131 will be performed to ensure that the previous and current secret numbers are the same, provided that the codes that indicate the master card match. It is checked whether there is a relationship, and if there is a predetermined relationship, the secret number and designated code in the RAM 40 are updated.

In this way, once the secret number has been updated, it can only be unlocked by a new master card, and not by a previous master card.

Such a Master Card would be suitable for use by hotel maids, maid supervisors, managers, etc.

The unlocking device 10 shown in FIG. 5 is constructed using a central processing unit, particularly a microprocessor, but the unlocking device 10 can also be constructed by combining various logic circuits as shown in FIG. can.

FIG. 9 shows the output signals of each circuit in the unlocking device 15 shown in FIG. 8. FIG. 9a shows the operation in a steady state without updating the secret number etc. Each shows the operation when updating a secret number, etc.

It is assumed that the second memory 76 stores in advance the secret number G1 or G2 read from the card 2 during the previous unlocking operation.

Furthermore, the flip-flop 79 is reset in advance.

The hotel code H1, room number N, secret number G2, and designation code C are read from the card 2 by the card reader 5.
2 and auxiliary number A2. B2 is a read register group 50
are set in each of the registers 51 to 5 and 6, respectively.

The first memory 60 stores in advance the hotel code H1, room number N, secret number G1 (G2) and designation code CI.
(C2) is memorized.

The hotel code H and room number N in the registers 51 and 52 and the first memory 60 are compared in a comparator circuit 70A, and if they match, a match signal a is output.

Since this coincidence signal a is sent to the differentiating circuit 88, the gate 89 is opened by the output of this circuit 88, and the secret number G stored in the second memory 76 is sent to the area 63 of the first memory 60.

Then, the secret number G of the register 53 and the area 63 are compared by the comparator circuit 70B, and if they match, a match signal is output.

Both coincidence signals a and b are sent to the AND circuit 71, and since an output is generated from this circuit 71, an output is generated from the monostable multivibrator 72 for a certain period of time (corresponding to the set time T of the timer 25), and the renoid 27 is activated. It is energized and unlocked for the specified period of time.

When the output of the multivibrator 72 falls after a certain period of time has elapsed, the output of the NOT circuit 73 rises, which is detected by the differentiating circuit 74 and becomes the reset signal R.

This reset signal R resets the register group 50 and erases its contents, and also resets the flip-flop 79.

Hotel code H1 of register group 50 and first memory 60
If the room number N or the secret number G do not match, the door will not be unlocked because at least one of the match signals a, s, and b will not be output.

If the hotel code H and room number N match and the match signal a is output ('), but the secret number G does not match ('), so if the match signal is not output, a signal is output from the NOT circuit 85. By being output, a signal C is output from the AND circuit 80.

This signal C is sent to the AND circuits 81 and 82 and also to the flip-flop 79, so that the flip-flop 79 is set.

The signal d is stored in the first memory 60 and indicates the state of the designation code C2.

If the designation code C1 is 1, the signal d is output, and the AND
Since an output is generated from the circuit 81, this is detected by the differentiating circuit 92.

Then, the signal e is output from the differentiating circuit 92 and the gate 94
is opened, auxiliary number A2 is selected and this number A2 is sent to addition circuit 78.

When the designation code C1 is O, the signal d is not output, and as a result, an output is generated from the NOT circuit 86, so the AND
An output is generated from circuit 82.

The output of the AND circuit 82 is detected by the differentiating circuit 93, and since the gate 95 is opened by the output signal g of the differentiating circuit 93, the auxiliary number B2 is sent to the adding circuit 78.

In the addition circuit 78, the secret number Gl stored in the area 63 of the first memory 60 and the auxiliary number A2 or B2 selected by the designation code C1 are added, and the addition result is stored in the storage circuit 77. .

Since the output of the AND circuit 81 or 82 is sent to the timer 84 via the OR circuit 83, an output f is generated from the timer 84 after a certain period of time and is detected by the differentiating circuit 90.

The gate 91 is opened by the output of the differentiating circuit 90, and the addition result of the adding circuit 78 is transferred from the storage circuit T7 to the first memory 60.
is stored in area 63 of.

If the secret number G2 in the register 53 and the above addition result stored in the area 63 of the first memory 60 match, a match signal S is output from the comparison circuit 70B.

Since the flip-flop 79 has already been set by the signal C, the output of the coincidence signal S generates an output from the AND circuit 87, which is detected by the differentiating circuit 98.
Signal E is output.

This signal E opens the game 96.97, and the secret number G2 of the register 53 is stored in the second memory 76.
40 designation codes C2 are respectively stored in area 64 of memory 60.

On the other hand, the coincidence signal causes the monostable multivibrator 7 to
As described above, the output is generated from 2 to release the lock for a certain period of time, and the reset signal R is output after a certain period of time after unlocking.

If the secret number G2 thus read from the card 2 and the secret number G1 stored in the memory 60 have the relationship shown in equation (1), the lock is released;
And secret number G2 read from card 2 and designated code C
2 is newly stored in the memory 60.

In the above embodiment, the secret number G2 of the register 53 is sent to and stored in the second memory 76 by the signal E, but the stored value of the addition result by the addition circuit 78 (the storage circuit 77
), or the value stored in area 63 of first memory 60 may be sent to second memory 76 for storage (.).

In the above example, there are two auxiliary numbers, A and B, but 3
It is also possible to prepare more than one auxiliary number and designate one or more of these auxiliary numbers with the designation code C.
.

Therefore, in this case, the designation code C takes a value of 3 or more instead of a binary value of 0 or 1.

Also, when the card issuing machine 1 creates the current secret number G2, the unlocking device 10.15 checks whether the previous secret number G1 and the current secret number G2 have the relationship shown in the first equation. When doing so (・However, the previous designation code C1 was used to select one of the auxiliary numbers A2 and B2, but it goes without saying that you can also use the %l designation code C2. .

As described above, in this invention, the card issuing machine first uses the previous secret number and the auxiliary number selected by the specified code from among the plurality of auxiliary numbers (by having a certain relationship with the previous secret number). Create a secret number for this time, and record this secret number, multiple auxiliary numbers, and designated codes on the card.

Then, the unlocking device reads the data recorded on the card and checks whether the read secret number matches the secret number stored in the storage device and whether they have the above-mentioned certain relationship. The card is unlocked when the secret number of the card and the secret number of the storage device match and the above-mentioned certain relationship exists, and the secret number of the card and the secret number of the storage device are in the above-mentioned certain relationship. In some cases, the secret number of the card is stored in a storage device and the secret number is updated.

Therefore, the secret number of the card can be changed each time the user changes, and once the secret number is updated, the previous card can no longer be used to unlock the card. There is no need to take special security measures.

Then, the card issuing machine creates the current secret number so that it has a certain relationship with the previous secret number, and the unlocking device uses the stored previous secret number to make the current secret number the same as above. Therefore, it is possible to determine whether the secret number of the card is legitimate without transmitting the changed secret number from the central control device to the unlocking device.

Therefore, there is no need to connect the central control device and each unlocking device with a cable, and the device can be installed at a very low cost.

Furthermore, since we have prepared an auxiliary number for each track and selected it with a designated code, the above-mentioned certain relationship is very difficult to understand and does not involve the calculation of the secret number (the auxiliary number is also recorded on the card). This is extremely effective as a crime prevention measure.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 to 3 are explanatory diagrams showing an overview of the process from issuing a card to unlocking the door with this card, Figure 4 is a perspective view showing the appearance of the locking device and unlocking device on the door, and Figure 5 is A block diagram showing the internal configuration of the unlocking device, FIG. 6 is a flow chart showing the operation of the unlocking device, FIG. 7 is a flow chart showing a modification of the same operation, and FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing the operation of the unlocking device. FIG. 9 is a time chart showing output signals of each component circuit of the unlocking device shown in FIG. 8. 2...Card, 5...Card League, 10.15
...Unlocking device, 20... Arithmetic circuit, 40... RA
M, 60...first memory.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A lock is released using a card on which a secret number, a plurality of auxiliary numbers, and a designation code for selecting at least one of the plurality of auxiliary numbers are recorded. ,
A card league that reads data recorded on the card, a storage device that stores at least a secret number, and a card that detects a match between the secret number read from the card and the secret number stored in the storage device. Inspect whether there is a certain relationship (translation) between the secret number read from the secret number and the secret number stored in the storage device using the auxiliary number selected by the designated code from among the plurality of auxiliary numbers. and a computing device that unlocks the card when the secret number of the card and the secret number of the storage device match and when there is a certain relationship as described above, and the secret number of the card and the secret number of the storage device match. An unlocking device using a card that stores the secret number of the card in the storage device and updates the secret number when the above-described certain relationship exists. 2. The unlocking device using a card according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary number is a random number. 3. When storing a designated code in addition to the secret number in the storage device, and checking whether the secret number of the card and the secret number of the storage device have the above-mentioned certain relationship, the designation code of the storage device is stored. Select the auxiliary number using An unlocking device using a card according to claim 1, characterized in that a designation code is used.