JPS5921663B2 - Crushing method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to improving the crushing method of compression type crushers such as cone crushers, gyratory crushers, jaw crushers, etc. In particular, by improving the shape of the crushing chamber, etc. The purpose is to obtain the crushing ratio.

In conventional compression type crushers, the crushing ratio in an open circuit was about 5 to 6 at most due to overcompression, blockage, etc. in the crushing chamber.

Here, the crushing ratio is the dimensional ratio between the raw material and the product before and after crushing. For this reason, in a crushing plant, in order to obtain a predetermined product size, it is necessary to have a multi-stage crushing process such as primary, secondary, and tertiary. Therefore, for a compression type crusher, improving the crushing ratio is extremely important from various points such as shortening the process and improving efficiency. The conditions for improving the crushing ratio are: (1) sufficient crushing power can be transmitted to the raw material, (2) the maximum size of waste can be reduced, and (3) large raw materials can be supplied from the inlet. , (4) In order to stabilize the rotating state and improve efficiency, the crushing chamber of the crusher must be full of raw materials, that is, choke feed is possible.In order to satisfy these conditions, the crushing chamber must be It is necessary to have a shape with a wide inlet and a narrow outlet, but if such a crushing chamber shape is applied to a conventional crusher, the raw material will clog in the crushing chamber, resulting in a reduction in production speed and over-compression. The appropriate range for increasing the crushing ratio is determined by the amount of rotation of the plate and the rotation speed in relation to the behavior of the raw material in the crushing chamber.Therefore, this range is:
Much depends on the shape of the crushing chamber. As mentioned above, there was a limit to the improvement of the crushing ratio in conventional crushers, but the present invention overcomes this limit and provides a crusher that can obtain a high crushing ratio of, for example, 12 or more. The purpose of this is to provide a crushing method, the gist of which is that the shape of the crushing plate forming the crushing chamber is tilted greatly with respect to the vertical line at the entrance of the crushing chamber, and gradually as it approaches the outlet of the crushing chamber. In particular, the angle of inclination of the side surface of the crushing plate with respect to the vertical line is set to 4 at the entrance of the crushing chamber.
50 to 550, the angle between both crushing plates is 270 or less, and the amount of rotation of the movable crushing plate is (0
．． 01-0.02)XD, and the rotation speed was set within the range of (9650-7900)/A5 rpm.

Here, D is the mantle diameter in the cone crusher or a dimension equivalent thereto. Next, the relationship between the configuration of the present invention and the crushing ratio of the crusher will be explained according to the diagram.

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of the crushing chamber in a conventional cone crusher, in which the movable crushing plate 1 reciprocates between the solid line 2 and the two-dot chain line 3, and the movable crushing plate 1 moves back and forth between the solid line 2 and the two-dot chain line 3. Raw materials such as rocks supplied from an inlet 6 to a crushing chamber 5 formed between the two are compressed and crushed, and then discharged from an outlet 7 at the bottom. For now, suppose that the intersection of a certain horizontal plane Li and the solid line 2 is Pi, and the intersection of the perpendicular line below Pi and the two-dot chain line 3 is Qi. Qi
The horizontal plane passing through is Li-1, and in this way the crushing chamber 5
Divide into multiple horizontal planes. Each horizontal plane is level L sequentially from the outlet of the crushing chamber 5. , Level L,,...
...Level Li, ...... Level Ln are named. As the movable crushing plate 1 rotates in the direction of arrow 8,
Volume Vi+1 between levels Li and Li+1 is compressed to Vi, and as it rotates in the direction of arrow 9, level Li-
, and Li. The crusher capacity C (for example, r!l/h), which is determined by the amount of crushed raw material passing through due to such a crushing action, is the second level with respect to the crushing chamber level.
The distribution is as shown in the figure. Maximum value C of crusher ability
M is distributed in a portion slightly inside the crushing chamber entrance 6, and the minimum value Cm exists in a portion slightly inside the crushing chamber entrance 7. And in order for Chiyoke Feed to be possible,
Cm/CM must be 0.77 or more, but experience shows that if the amount of rotation is too large or the rotation speed is too fast, the above condition of Cm/CM≧0.77 cannot be satisfied. The reason for this will be explained using FIG. 3. In FIG. 3, the crushing plates 1 and 4 are formed flat to simplify the explanation. The fixed side crushing plate 4 is assumed to be a vertical plane, and the movable side crushing plate 1 is considered to be a plane inclined by θ from the vertical line. The width of the crushing chamber 5 at level L1 is S, and the width at level Li is Si.
shall be. h1 and Hi are levels L1 and L. and Li and L
This is the distance between the two points and the falling distance of the raw material as the crushing plate 1 rotates. That is, after the raw material is compressed to a level Li, the distance in which it freely falls as it rotates is Hi, and the time required for this free fall is Ti, then there is the relationship between Hi and Ti.

Therefore, the rotation speed N to achieve such a falling amount is
It is.

By the way, as can be seen from Figure 3, the falling distance Hl on the drawing
, h2 . . . become larger as they approach the exit 7. However, when the rotating speed is adjusted to the falling distance Hi of the level Li portion as described above, the raw material at the level L1 is gripped again between the crushing plates 1 and 4 before falling for h1 minutes, and the falling is prevented. Therefore, when the rotation speed is high, the crushing capacity Cnl at the exit portion becomes small. This is the reason why Cm/CM becomes smaller than 0.77 when the rotation speed is too high. In addition, Hi is determined by the amount of movement of the movable crushing plate 1, that is, the amount of rotation, and the rotation is determined by the amount of rotation of the movable crushing plate 1.
0, the amount of rotation increases as you move downward, that is, closer to the exit, and the falling distance h on the drawing also increases as you approach the exit. Therefore, it is easily understood that when the amount of rotation is increased, Cnl/CM becomes smaller as well as the rotation speed. However, since both the rotation speed and the amount of rotation determine the production speed, it is not a good idea to make them too small, and a certain appropriate range must be found. The above theory regarding the rotation speed and amount of rotation applies only to the case of a crushing chamber with the shape shown in the figure.If the shape of the crushing chamber changes, the appropriate rotation speed and amount of rotation can be determined. It is thought that the range of will also change.

Next, we discuss the influence of the shape of the crushing chamber on the crushing ratio, and proceed to determine the ideal crushing chamber shape.

The width Si of the crushing chamber at the level Li shown in FIG. 3 is:
It is.

Here, 1i is the length of the crushing chamber from the fulcrum 10 to the level Li. And crusher ability Ci at level Li
The crusher ability C1 at level L is expressed as
is C1=H. Sl. It is expressed as hl.

Here, if the rotation speed N in equation (1) is set to N=60/←'→, h1-Hi is obtained. Therefore, the ratio Ci/C1 is obtained by the following formula. 0.02)XDll, and the rotation speed is (9650-7600)/. It is understood that it is in the range of FD rpm.

Although not specifically shown, this fact was also supported by other experiments. Although the above embodiments have been described with respect to a double toggle jaw crusher, the same applies to a single toggle jaw crusher and other swivel type crushers.
Here, the term "equivalent to mantle diameter" refers to the diameter of the mantle itself in the case of a cone crusher, and refers to the diameter of the mantle itself in the case of a geo crusher, as shown in FIG. 4. This corresponds to twice the value. As described above, the present invention provides a crushing method for a crusher in which raw material supplied into a crushing chamber formed with a movable crushing plate and a fixed crushing plate as left and right sides is compressed and crushed between both crushing plates. The side surfaces of the crushing plates on either the fixed side or the movable side of the crushing chamber, or both, are tilted significantly in the range of 45 to 55 with respect to the vertical line near the crushing chamber entrance,
It has a shape that gradually approaches a vertical line as it approaches the exit of the crushing chamber, and the angle between the two crushing plates is 27 degrees or less, and the amount of rotation of the movable crushing plate is (0.01 to 0.02).
is within the range of XD, and the rotation speed is (9650 to 79
Since the crushing method is characterized by being within the range of 00)/D (Rpm) (where D is the mantle diameter or a dimension equivalent to this), an extremely high (for example, 12 or more) crushing ratio can be obtained. The crushing process, which conventionally required two or more stages, can now be done in one stage, making a great contribution to simplifying the process and improving efficiency.

Furthermore, in the present invention, as described above, the inclination angle of the side surface of the crushing plate is set to be in the range of 45 angles to 55 degrees with respect to the vertical line at the entrance of the crushing chamber, so that the crushing capacity of the crusher is the highest. As shown in Figure 5, it is maximized, and since the angle between the movable and fixed crushing plates is 27 mm or less, there is no slippage of the raw material against the crushing plates.
It is possible to ensure stable production volume. Further, according to the present invention, the side surface of the crushing chamber as described above is tilted largely in the range of 45 to 55 degrees with respect to the vertical line near the entrance of the crushing chamber,
The conditions for optimally operating a special crusher that gradually approaches the vertical line as it approaches the exit of the crushing chamber are: amount of rotation = (0.01 to 0.02) XD (71L1) speed of rotation =
(9650 to 7900)/D (Rpm) (here, D is a dimension equivalent to the mantle diameter), and by operating under such conditions, the above-mentioned crusher does not cause over-compression and can crush more than 12 We succeeded in achieving this ratio.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 and 3 are side sectional views schematically showing the crushing chamber in a conventional crusher, FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the crushing chamber level and crusher capacity, and FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the crushing chamber level and crusher capacity. FIG. 5, which is a side sectional view of a geo crusher showing the embodiment, is a graph depicting the relationship between the amount of rotation, the rotation speed, and the crusher ability, showing the effect of the embodiment. Explanation of symbols, 1, 11...Movable side crushing plate, 4,
14... Fixed side crushing plate, 5, 15...
Crushing chamber, 19... Vertical line, D... Mantle diameter or equivalent dimension, 16, 17...
··side.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A crushing method in a crusher in which a raw material supplied into a crushing chamber formed with a movable crushing plate and a fixed crushing plate as left and right sides is compressed and crushed between both crushing plates, The sides of the crushing plate on either the fixed side or the movable side of the chamber, or both, are at an angle of 45° to 5° with respect to the vertical line near the entrance of the crushing chamber.
It has a shape that is largely tilted within a range of 5 degrees and gradually approaches a vertical line as it approaches the outlet of the crushing chamber, and the angle between the two crushing plates is 27 degrees or less, and the amount of rotation of the movable crushing plate is (0. 01 to 0.02) x D, and the rotation speed is within the range of (9650 to 7900)/D (rpm). However, the above D is the mantle diameter or a dimension equivalent to this.