JPS5922151B2 - Condenser - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improvement in a condenser that cools and condenses steam flowing through heat transfer tubes.

Conventionally, in refrigerators, power generation plants, and the like, condensers have been used as heat sink sources.

This condenser cools and condenses the steam by removing latent heat from steam as a high heat source and giving it to a low-temperature heat-receiving fluid, and is constructed, for example, as shown in FIG. 1.

That is, a large number of heat transfer tubes 2 are arranged inside the ventilation duct 1 at regular intervals in the direction along the ventilation path and in the direction orthogonal to the ventilation path, and these heat transfer tubes 2 are shown in FIG. −
As shown in the A-direction view, they communicate with each other to form a fluid passage.

Further, a large number of annular plate-shaped fins 3 are attached to the outer peripheral surface of the heat exchanger tube 2 at regular intervals along the axial direction of the heat exchanger tube 2.

Then, low-temperature air as a refrigerant fluid is introduced into the duct 1 from below to above by a blower or the like (not shown).

Note that one end of the communicated heat exchanger tubes 2 is connected to a turbine 5 that drives a generator 4, and steam from a boiler 6 is supplied into the heat exchanger tubes 2 via the turbine 5.

Furthermore, the other ends of the heat exchanger tubes 2 are connected to a pump 7, and the fluid in the heat exchanger tubes 2 is supplied to the boiler 6 by the pump 7.

The steam heated and generated in the boiler 6 passes through the turbine 5 to drive the generator 4, and then is supplied into the heat exchanger tubes 2.

When this steam flows through the heat exchanger tube 2, it is cooled and condensed by the low temperature air via the heat exchanger tube 2 and the fins 3.

The liquid produced by condensation, that is, the condensate, moves to the lower part of the heat exchanger tube 2, further travels through the lower part of the heat exchanger tube 2, and is finally supplied to the boiler 6 by the pump 7.

Thus, the condenser acts as a heat sink and
It will act as a water supply source to the boiler 6.

However, this type of condenser has the following problems.

That is, as shown in FIG. 3, a thick layer of condensate 8 is formed in the lower part of the heat exchanger tube 2 due to the aforementioned condensation effect, and this layer deteriorates the heat transfer performance of the heat exchanger tube 2.

In addition, in the upper part of the heat exchanger tube 2, the condensate 80 layer is thin and the heat transfer performance of the heat exchanger tube 2 is good. The heat transfer coefficient between the

Therefore, the heat exchange efficiency between the steam 9 inside the heat exchanger tube 2 and the low-temperature air outside the heat exchanger tube 2 was extremely poor.

Moreover, since the fins 3 are provided over the entire circumference of the heat transfer tube 2, the ventilation resistance within the duct 1 becomes large, resulting in an increase in the blower capacity.

The present invention has been made in consideration of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to provide a condenser that can improve heat exchange efficiency and reduce the size of the blower capacity.

That is, the present invention brings the refrigerant fluid into contact with the heat exchanger tubes disposed perpendicularly or at an angle to the direction of gravity from above, and also brings the refrigerant fluid into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the heat exchanger tubes at the axial center of the heat exchanger tubes. The above objective is achieved by providing the fins offset in the direction opposite to the flow direction.

Hereinafter, details of the present invention will be explained using illustrated actual cases.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.

Note that the same parts as in FIG. 1 are given the same reference numerals, and detailed explanation thereof will be omitted.

This embodiment differs from the conventional example shown in FIG. 1 in the flow direction of the refrigerant fluid brought into flow contact with the heat exchanger tubes 2 and the mounting position of the fins attached to the heat exchanger tubes 2.

That is, low-temperature air is introduced into the duct 1 from above to below, and at the so-called upper part of the outer peripheral surface of the heat exchanger tube 2, a semicircular plate-shaped fin 10 with a part of the fin 3 removed is provided. It is attached.

Although not shown in FIG. 4, the turbine 5, pump 7, etc. are connected to the heat exchanger tubes 2 in the same manner as in FIG.

With such a configuration, the steam flowing through the heat exchanger tube 2 is cooled and condensed by low-temperature air via the heat exchanger tube 2 and the fins 10, and moves downward by gravity.

Therefore, inside the heat exchanger tube 2, as shown in FIG. 5, steam 9 exists in the upper part and condensed liquid 8 exists in the lower part.

Here, since the upper part of the heat exchanger tube 2 is in direct contact with the low-temperature air, the heat transfer coefficient between the air, the fins 10, and the heat exchanger tube 2 is extremely high.

Moreover, since the layer of condensate S is thin in the upper part of the heat transfer tube 2, the heat transfer performance in this part is good.

Therefore, the heat exchange efficiency between the steam inside the heat exchanger tube 2 and the air outside the heat exchanger tube 2 is extremely high.

In addition, since there is no fin 10 on the lower side of the heat exchanger tube 2, the cylinder body 1
The ventilation resistance inside is small.

Further, according to experiments conducted by the present inventor, the heat transfer coefficient between the heat transfer tube 2 having the fins 10 and the air was measured, and the result was as shown by the solid line X in FIG.

That is, as the pressure loss P [1 tAq) in the duct 1 increases, the heat transfer coefficient Q (kcal /rr?h °C)
has become a growing problem.

Furthermore, in the heat exchanger tube 2 having the fins 3, the solid line X is directed downward as shown by the broken line Y in FIG.

From this, the pressure loss required to obtain the same heat transfer coefficient is approximately 1/
It turned out to be 3.

In this way, the heat exchanger tubes 2 are arranged horizontally inside the duct 1, low temperature air is introduced from the top to the bottom of the duct 1, and the fins 10 are provided only on the upper side of the outer peripheral surface of the heat exchanger tubes 2. ing.

That is, the refrigerant fluid is caused to flow from above into contact with the heat exchanger tubes 2 disposed perpendicularly or inclined to the direction of gravity, and the refrigerant fluid is applied to the outer circumferential surface of the heat exchanger tubes 2 around the axis of the heat exchanger tubes 2. The fins 10 are provided offset in the direction opposite to the flow direction.

Therefore, the efficiency of heat exchange between the steam and the refrigerant fluid in the heat transfer tubes 2 can be significantly improved.

Furthermore, since the ventilation resistance can be reduced, the blower capacity can be reduced.

Note that this invention is not limited to the embodiments described above.

For example, the fins may be provided not only on the upper side of the heat exchanger tube, but also on one side in a direction opposite to the flow direction of the refrigerant fluid around the axis of the heat exchanger tube.

Further, the shape, material, etc. of the fins may be determined as appropriate depending on the specifications.

Furthermore, the direction in which the heat exchanger tubes are arranged is not limited to the horizontal direction, but may be any direction as long as it is perpendicular to or inclined to the direction of gravity.

Moreover, it goes without saying that it can be applied not only to power generation plants but also to refrigerators and various chemical plants.

In addition, various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the invention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the general configuration of a conventional condenser used in power generation plants, etc. Fig. 2 is a view taken along arrow A-A in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 explains the operation of the above condenser. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram showing experimental data. . DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Duct, 2... Heat exchanger tube, 3, 10... Fin, 8... Condensate, 9... Steam.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A heat exchanger tube disposed perpendicularly or obliquely to the direction of gravity, a means for flowing a refrigerant fluid into contact with the heat exchanger tube from above to cool and condense the steam flowing in the heat exchanger tube, and the heat exchanger tube. A condenser comprising: fins provided on an outer circumferential surface of the heat exchanger tube so as to be offset in a direction opposite to the flow direction of the refrigerant fluid with the axis of the heat transfer tube as the center.