JPS5924874B2 - How to purify raw human urine - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a purification process for human waste.

Conventionally, as a method for purifying raw human waste, slaked lime is added to the raw human urine collected in a treatment tank, and this and the dissolved components in the raw human urine are precipitated and separated into liquid and precipitate. It is taken.

In such purification treatments, it is customary to add an excess of slaked lime to achieve a sufficient reaction in as short a time as possible.

However, unreacted slaked lime is not only wasted as it is discarded together with the precipitate, but also this precipitate contains a large amount of unreacted lime even though it can be used as a raw material for fertilizers and other raw materials. If slaked lime is included, it will be difficult to utilize it effectively, so in general, the amount is about 1.5 to 2 times the stoichiometric amount required to precipitate dissolved components in raw human urine as calcium salts and adducts. However, it is difficult to say that sufficient reaction in the short time mentioned above is necessarily achieved.

In addition, in order to obtain the precipitate, the mixture of raw human waste and slaked lime must be allowed to stand for 4 to 5 hours, which not only takes a long time to process, but also has drawbacks such as increasing the installation area. .

In addition to the above-mentioned treatment method, a method previously provided by the present inventors in Japanese Patent Publication No. 33-685 is known.

That is, metal salts, milk of lime, and a foaming agent are added to raw human urine, stirred and mixed while air is introduced, and air bubbles are generated.The solid content is attached to the air bubbles and floated, thereby turning the raw human urine into a liquid foam. The foam is dried and used as fertilizer, and the liquid is diluted and discharged into the sewage system.

However, milk of lime in this treatment method is not used in a positive sense to precipitate dissolved components in human urine as calcium salts or adducts, but rather to promote foaming due to its alkalinity and to produce carbon dioxide. Calcium is used in an auxiliary manner to improve adhesion to air bubbles, so the amount of calcium added is extremely small.

Therefore, unlike the above-mentioned processing power method, there is no waste of unreacted slaked lime, but on the other hand, the removal of dissolved components in raw human urine is not always sufficient.

In view of these conventional drawbacks, the inventor of the present invention conducted extensive research and discovered that slaked lime has good hydrophilicity and therefore does not easily adhere to air bubbles. This makes it possible to recycle unreacted slaked lime, thereby making it possible to reliably react with the dissolved components in raw human urine in a short time by adding a large amount of slaked lime, and also to enable continuous processing. .

In particular, the continuous treatment of raw human waste according to the present invention becomes effective only when a large amount of slaked lime is added to ensure a reliable reaction with dissolved components in a short period of time. This is possible because the reactive slaked lime can be recycled.

That is, in the present invention, slaked lime in an amount more than three times the stoichiometric amount required to precipitate and separate dissolved components in the human urine as calcium salts or adducts is added to raw human waste from which coarse foreign substances have been removed in advance, and air is removed. After the mixture is emulsified and foamed by stirring while introducing the mixture, the mixture is separated into a foam portion and a liquid portion by a flotation method, and unreacted slaked lime contained in the separated liquid portion is separated by precipitation, The object of the present invention is to provide a method for purifying human waste in which the human waste is recycled and used in a reaction system on human waste and slaked lime.

In the present invention, the stoichiometric amount of
The reason why more than double the amount of slaked lime is added is to ensure that it reacts with dissolved components in raw human urine in a short period of time.

By stirring the raw human waste into which a large amount of slaked lime has been added while introducing air, most of the dissolved components in the raw human urine, such as fatty acid proteins and carbon dioxide gas, react with the slaked lime in a short period of time. Calcium salts or adducts are precipitated and dispersed together with other solids in the form of fine particles to form an emulsion, which is then foamed and the dispersed fine particles are attached to the foam.

A large amount of unreacted slaked lime is produced by adding a large amount of slaked lime, but slaked lime has good hydrophilic properties and hardly sticks to the foam. During separation into the liquid part, unreacted slaked lime remains in the liquid part and is separated from other solids attached to the foam.

Therefore, by allowing the liquid portion to stand still to some extent, unreacted slaked lime can be easily precipitated and separated, and this is recycled to the on-bed slaked lime reaction system. There is no waste of reactive slaked lime.

The foam portion separated by the flotation method can be dried to extract the solid content containing various organic components from the raw human waste, and can be effectively used as raw materials for fertilizers and other raw materials.

In this case, as mentioned above, unreacted slaked lime is rarely attached to the foam, so the fact that the obtained solid content contains a large amount of unreacted slaked lime may impede its effective utilization. do not have.

Further, in the present invention, an iron compound such as iron chloride may be added together with slaked lime in order to obtain a deodorizing effect.

Further, although a good foaming state can be obtained by simply adding a large amount of slaked lime, it is also effective to add a foaming agent such as pine oil, sodium oleate, or saponin to further promote foaming.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the present invention, in which 1 is an agitator, 2 is a flotation device, 3 is a foam dryer, and 4 is a cyclone.

The raw human waste to be purified is fed into the stirrer 1 together with a large amount of slaked lime as described above.

This stirrer 1 has blades 6 rotated by a motor 5 and a pump 7 for forcibly introducing air.The stirrer 1 mixes the charged slaked lime while introducing air. It emulsifies and foams at the same time.

In this way, dissolved components such as fatty acids, proteins, and carbon dioxide gas in raw human urine react with slaked lime and precipitate as calcium salts or adducts, and are dispersed into fine particles along with other solids by stirring, forming an emulsion. Ru.

As the mixture of human waste and slaked lime emulsified in this way is foamed, the dispersed fine particles are attached to the foam. Sent to selector 2.

The flotation device 2 is for separating the emulsified and foamed human waste into a foam portion and a liquid portion. 11, the liquid part falls and is stored in the receiver 9, and the foam part is floated and deposited on the water surface and taken out from the overflow port 10 at the upper part of the tower-like body 11.

The supernatant of the liquid portion in the receptor 11 is discharged from the drain port 12.

In the liquid part separated from the foam part, the dissolved components and solid content in the human urine have been sufficiently removed, and unreacted slaked lime is not attached to the foam but mixes with it due to its good hydrophilicity, and is transferred to the receptor 9. precipitate within.

The precipitated unreacted slaked lime is accumulated in the center by the forest-like bottom, and is sent to the agitator 1 again via the circulation pipe 13 for reuse.

A foam dryer 3 is connected to the overflow port 10, where the foam with solid content is broken and dried, and then passed through a cyclone 4.
The solid content can be obtained by:

As described above, according to the present invention, not only is it possible to avoid wasteful disposal of unreacted slaked lime or to prevent the effective use of acquired solids due to the presence of a large amount of unreacted slaked lime, but also it is possible to avoid wasteful disposal of unreacted slaked lime and prevent the effective use of acquired solid content due to large amounts of unreacted slaked lime being included. This makes efficient continuous processing possible through cyclical use.

In addition, it has an excellent purification effect, and the BOD of purified water flowing out from the outlet of the receptor is 3,500 to 4,000 ppm, so it can be directly discharged into the sewer, eliminating the need for thickeners or filters and reducing equipment. It can be greatly simplified.

Example After filling the receiver of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 with water in advance, a mixture of 100 parts of human urine, 5 parts of slaked lime, and 0.0001 part of sodium oleate was placed in a stirrer rotating at 80 rpm. air was introduced at the same time.

After sufficient emulsification and foaming, the mixture was introduced into the lower part of the tower.

Foam in the emulsion was deposited inside the tower and flowed out through the overflow port at the top.

This was introduced into the duct of a foam dryer and dried with hot air, and then passed through a cyclone to obtain 5 parts of dry powder.

- 3.5 parts of unreacted slaked lime precipitated in the receptor.

After 12 hours of operation, the BOD of the purified water discharged from the receiver (after the water previously filled in the receiver mold was completely drained) was about 3600 ppm.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the human waste purification method according to the present invention. 1... Stirrer, 2... Flotation machine, 3...
...foam dryer-' 4...cyclone,
5...Motor, 6...Wing, 7...
... Pump, 8 ... Conduit, 9 ...
Receptor, 10... Outflow port, 11...
Tower-shaped body, 12...Discharge port, 13...Circulation pipe.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Adding at least three times the stoichiometric amount of slaked lime to the human urine from which coarse foreign substances have been removed in advance to precipitate and separate dissolved components in the human urine using calcium salts or adducts, After the above mixture is emulsified and foamed by vigorous stirring while introducing air, this is separated into a foam part and a liquid part by a flotation method, and unreacted slaked lime contained in the separated liquid part is separated by precipitation. A method for purifying raw human waste characterized by recycling and reusing the raw human urine in a reaction system with slaked lime. 2. The method for purifying human waste according to claim 1, characterized in that iron salt is added together with slaked lime. 3. The method for purifying human waste according to claim 1, characterized in that a foaming agent is added together with slaked lime.