JPS592550B2 - solar water generator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a solar water generation device that generates water from a raw material liquid such as seawater using solar heat, and an object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus that can efficiently generate water with a simple configuration.

Conventionally, a steam-heated solar water generation plant has been proposed as a fresh water generation device, but since steam is used to heat the raw material liquid, a boiler and a heater are required, making the equipment complicated.

Furthermore, the conventional flash evaporation method used to evaporate raw material liquids requires a vacuum device such as an ejector, and also has the problem of requiring high pressure resistance because it operates under negative pressure. .

The present invention solves these problems, and embodiments thereof will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a solar ray condensing device, and the water generating device body 2 is disposed at its focal point.

The main body 2 of the water generator 2 is linearly elongated, and the condenser 1 includes a large number of reflecting mirrors 3 arranged on both sides of the main body 2 of the water generator 2.

The reflecting mirror 3 is attached to a support base 4 so that its angle can be changed, and the angle is changed by a driving device to follow the position of the sun.

The freshwater generator main body 2 includes an evaporation chamber 5 having a substantially triangular cross-sectional shape.
The earthen wall of the evaporation chamber 5 is formed into a double wall 6 forming a cooling water flow path.

The double wall 6 is made of a material that can transmit sunlight, particularly infrared rays, such as transparent plastic.

The water generator main body 2 has a slight slope in the longitudinal direction,
A cooling raw material adult lower is provided at the lower end of the double wall 6, and a cooling raw material liquid outlet 8 is provided at the upper end.

The cooling raw material adult lower is connected to a supply pipe line provided with a cooling raw material liquid pump 9, and the cooling raw material liquid outlet 8 is connected to a discharge pipe line.

A solar heat absorbing plate 10 is provided at the center of the evaporation chamber 5 over substantially its entire length.

The absorption plate 10 is disposed obliquely with respect to a vertical plane, and in this embodiment is made of a bent plate bent into a chevron shape.

The material of the absorption plate 10 is a rubber plate, etc. A raw material liquid distribution chamber 11 is provided along the longitudinal direction at the upper end of the evaporation chamber 5, and nozzles 12 are provided at appropriate intervals in the longitudinal direction on the lower surface of the raw material liquid distribution chamber 11. It is provided.

The raw material liquid distribution chamber 11 communicates with a raw material liquid chamber 13 provided at the upper end of the fresh water generator body 2, and a raw material liquid supply pipe 15 is connected to a raw material liquid port 14 of the raw material liquid chamber 13.

The raw material liquid supply pipe 15 is branched from the discharge pipe from the double wall 6.

Partition walls 16 are provided in the vicinity of both sides of the bottom wall of the evaporation chamber 5, and the parts on the sides of the partition walls 16 are configured as a produced water passage 17, and the central part is constituted as a surplus raw material liquid passage 18.

The produced water flow path 17 is connected to a produced water storage tank 20 via a pipe from a produced water outlet 19 provided at the lower end.

21 is a produced water transfer pump.

The surplus raw material liquid channel 18 has a circulation outlet 22 and a blowdown outlet 23 at its lower end.

The circulation outlet 22 is connected to the circulating raw material liquid port 25 of the raw material liquid chamber 13 via a pipe line provided with a raw material liquid circulation pump 24 .

The blowdown outlet 23 is connected to a line with a blowdown pump 26.

A wash water header 27 is provided below the absorption plate 10 along the longitudinal direction, and wash water nozzles 28 passing through the upper end of the absorption plate 10 are provided on the wash water header 27 at appropriate intervals in the longitudinal direction.

The wash water header 27 has a wash water inlet 29 at the end and is connected to the product water storage tank 2 via a line with a wash water pump 30.
Connected to 0.

The evaporation chamber 5, the double wall 6, and the raw material liquid chamber 13 are provided with air vent valves 31, 32, and 33 at their upper ends, respectively.

The operation of the above configuration will be explained.

First, during steady operation, raw material liquid such as seawater sent from the cooling raw material liquid pump 9 and passed through the double wall 6 flows into the raw material liquid chamber 13 from the raw material liquid supply pipe 15.

The inflowing raw material liquid flows out from each nozzle 12 of the raw material liquid distribution chamber 11 and flows down on the absorption plate 10 in the form of a thin film.

The absorption plate 10 is heated to a high temperature by the sunlight concentrated by the condensing device 1 passing through the double wall 6 and being irradiated onto the absorption plate 10, so that the above-mentioned thin film-like raw material liquid flows down. evaporates in the meantime.

When the evaporated water vapor comes into contact with the inner surface of the double wall 6, it is cooled by the raw material liquid flowing inside the double wall 6 and condenses.

The water obtained by this condensation becomes water droplets that flow down the inner surface of the double wall 6 and are collected in the produced water channel 17.

This produced water is then sent from the produced water transfer pump 21 to the produced water storage tank 20.

The surplus raw material liquid flowing down the absorption plate 10 is passed through the surplus raw material liquid flow path 1.
8 and is collected, sent from the raw material liquid circulation pump 24 to the raw material liquid chamber 13, and recirculated.

Please note that operation will only take place during daylight hours.

Since water is produced in this way, the following effects can be obtained.

(2) Since the raw material liquid is evaporated by the absorption plate 10 directly heated by solar heat, there is no need for a boiler or the like and the equipment is simpler than in conventional steam heating systems.

(2) Since flash evaporation is not used as the method of evaporating the raw material liquid, there is no need for a vacuum device or the like, and there is no need to operate the evaporation chamber 5 under negative pressure, so high pressure resistance is not required.

Therefore, the double wall 6 and the like can be made of plastic, making the structure extremely simple and lightweight.

■The main body 2 of the water generator can be configured to have an elongated shape, and therefore the absorption plate 10 inside is also elongated and can take up a large surface area, so that the condensing device 1 such as the reflecting mirror 3 can be installed easily and effectively. Become.

■Since sunlight easily passes through the double wall 6 through which the cooling raw material liquid passes and is absorbed by the internal absorption plate 10, the rate at which the cooling raw material liquid is heated by sunlight is small and the cooling The temperature difference between the raw material liquid and the inside of the evaporation chamber 5 can be made sufficiently large.

Therefore, the heat transfer effect on the condensing surface is extremely large.

■Since the surplus raw material liquid that has not evaporated on the absorption plate 10 is recirculated, the high-temperature raw material liquid heated by solar heat is constantly sprayed on the heat-generating surface of the absorption plate 10, making it more effective. The raw material liquid is evaporated.

Next, a method of starting and stopping will be explained.

When starting up, the absorption plate 10 is irradiated with sunlight at sunrise to sufficiently heat it.

The wash water pump 30 is started, and the produced water in the produced water storage tank 20 is sprayed from the wash water header 27 onto the absorption plate 10 and evaporated.

The air in the evaporation chamber 5 is released from the air vent valve 31 by steam pressure, and the air vent valve 31 is closed after the steam is released.

The cooling raw material liquid pump 9 is started to fill the double wall 6 with the raw material liquid, and after completing air removal from the double wall 6, the air release valve 32 is closed.

The raw material liquid circulation pump 24 is activated to start supplying the raw material liquid to the absorption plate 10 through the raw material liquid distribution chamber 11.

The cleaning water pump 30 is stopped, and the supply of produced water to the absorption plate 10 is stopped.

This causes steady operation to begin.

When stopping, the cooling raw material liquid pump 9 is stopped after sunset.

The raw material liquid circulation pump 24 is stopped. The air vent valve 32 and drain vent valve 34 of the double wall 6 are opened to drain the cooling raw material liquid.

The air vent valve 33 of the raw material liquid chamber 13 is opened to remove the raw material liquid from the raw material liquid distribution chamber 11.

The air vent valve 31 of the evaporation chamber 5 is opened.

The washing water pump 30 is started and the absorption plate 10 is washed with produced water.

After the cleaning of the absorption plate 10 is completed, the cleaning water pump 30 is stopped.

According to the above starting and stopping methods, the following effects can be obtained.

■The air in the evaporation chamber 5 is easily discharged through various operations at startup, and then the system is operated in a sealed state, and since there is almost no non-condensing heat gas in the evaporation chamber 5, the steam is efficiently condensed. .

■At startup, produced water is evaporated to generate steam and air is discharged, so even if most of the supplied water is evaporated, there is no worry of scale etc. adhering to the absorption plate 10, and there is no problem with subsequent operation. No hindrance.

■During the air discharge period due to evaporation of produced water, the inside of the double wall 6 is filled with air, so it has a good insulation effect against the outside air, making it difficult for steam to condense on the condensing surface, and the steam quickly evaporates. This allows air to be released in a short time.

Since the heat-generating surface of the absorption plate 10 is cleaned after sunset, scale and the like on the heat-generating surface are reliably removed and the performance can be maintained for a long period of time.

(2) The water after cleaning the absorption plate 10 is mixed with the circulating raw material liquid, used for the next day's operation, and discharged appropriately, so there is no waste of water and there is no need to provide a separate drainage device.

In addition, as a method of operation during steady state, the pressure in the evaporation chamber 5 is detected to control the supply amount and purge amount of the cooling raw material liquid, and the pressure in the evaporation chamber 5 is controlled to a predetermined value for operation. In this case, the following effects can be obtained.

■The control device is extremely simple.

■Since a large amount of seawater in the tank, which is always at a constant temperature, can be used as the raw material liquid for cooling, operation with a wide control range is possible.

Changes in the amount of solar heat absorption that change with time 0 are detected and controlled as pressure changes in the evaporation chamber 5, rather than by detecting temperature, heat amount, flow rate, etc., so tracking is extremely good and stable operation is possible. It is.

11 to 16 show another embodiment, in which the main body 2 of the water generator 2 is installed horizontally, and the double wall 6 is partitioned into a plurality of partition chambers 36 in the longitudinal direction by partition plates 35.

A lower end for containing a cooling raw material liquid is provided at the lower end of each partition chamber 36, and a cooling raw material liquid outlet 8 is provided at the upper end.

The produced water outlets 19 of the produced water flow path 1T are provided at two locations in the middle, and the circulation outlet 22 and blowdown outlet 23 of the surplus raw material liquid flow path 18 are provided at the center in the longitudinal direction.

In the case of such a configuration, the same effect as in the above embodiment is achieved, but there is an advantage that the main body 2 of the fresh water generator can be installed horizontally.

As explained above, the present invention comprises the earthen wall of the evaporation chamber as a double wall forming a cooling water flow path, and allows the infrared rays of sunlight to pass through the earthen wall, so that the evaporation chamber absorbs sunlight. Since the plate is provided at an angle and a raw material liquid distribution nozzle is provided on the absorption plate to cause the raw material liquid to flow down in a thin film, water can be efficiently sprayed with a simple structure.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 to 10 show an embodiment of the present invention, with Figure 1 being a front view, Figure 2 being a plan view, Figure 3 being a front view of the main body of the water generator, and Figure 4 being a left side view of the same. , FIG. 5 is a right side view of the same, FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II in FIG. 3, FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of n and -n in FIG. 3, and FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3; FIGS. 10 and 10 are flow sheet diagrams; FIGS. 11 to 16 show other embodiments; Front view, Figure 12 is a left side view of the same, Figure 13 is a right side view of the same, Figure 04 is a sectional view taken along ■-■ of Figure 11,
5 is a sectional view taken along VI-VI in FIG. 11, and FIG. 16 is a flow sheet diagram. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Condensing device, 2... Main body of water generator, 3... Reflecting mirror, 5... Evaporation chamber, 6...
...double wall, 7...raw material liquid inlet for cooling,
8... Raw material liquid outlet for cooling, 10... Absorption plate, 11... Raw material liquid distribution chamber, 12...
・Nozzle, 13... Raw material liquid chamber, 15...
・Raw material liquid supply pipe line, 17...Produced water flow line, 18
... Surplus raw material liquid flow path, 19 ... Produced water outlet, 20 ... Produced water storage tank, 22 ...
...Circulation outlet, 25...Circulation raw material liquid inlet, 2
T...To the washing water - 29...Washing water inlet, 36...Partition room.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An evaporation chamber is provided at the focal point of the solar ray condensing device, the earthen wall of the evaporation chamber is configured as a double wall forming a cooling water flow path, and the earthen wall is made to allow infrared rays of the sunlight to pass through, A solar water generation device characterized in that a solar ray absorption plate is installed at an angle in an evaporation chamber, and a raw material liquid distribution nozzle that allows the raw material liquid to flow down in a thin film form is provided on the absorption plate.