JPS5926224B2 - Heat pump air conditioner - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a heat pump air conditioner in which a plurality of outdoor heat exchangers and heat exchange fan motors are arranged side by side on a heat source side.

The air conditioner of the present invention is equipped with a refrigerant circuit 1 shown in FIG.

2 indicates an outdoor unit placed on the heat source side, 3 indicates an indoor unit placed on the user side, and the outdoor unit 2 includes a compressor 4, a four-way valve 5, a five-way valve 6, solenoid valves 7 and 8, and A heat exchanger 9.10, capillary tubes it, 12, 13 used as pressure reducing elements, and check valves 14, 15 are connected as shown in the figure, and a heat exchange fan motor 16.17 is provided, and the indoor unit 3 An indoor heat exchanger 18, a capillary tube 19, and a check valve 20 are connected as shown in the figure, and a heat exchange fan motor 21 is disposed.
Both units 2.3 are connected by connecting pipes 22.23, and the five-way valve 6 is attached to both ends of the valve stem 24, and is positioned in the case 27 while keeping its balance under the pressure of springs 25.26. Valve bodies 28, 29 and valve seats 30, 3
1, and has a first inlet 32, a second inlet 33, a first
Outflow inlet 34, second outflow inlet 35, and third outflow inlet 36
It has the following.

During heating, the refrigerant flows in the direction of the solid arrow.

That is, the four-way valve 5 is switched as shown by the solid line, the solenoid valves 7 and 8 are both closed, and when the compressor 4 is operated, the refrigerant is transferred to the indoor side for heat exchange via the compressor 4, the four-way valve 5, and the connecting pipe 23. After entering the vessel 18 and performing the condensing action, the check valve 2
0 and the connecting pipe 22 to return to the outdoor unit 1, branched through the capillary tubes 11 and 12, and perform evaporation in the outdoor heat exchangers 9 and 10. After entering the case 27 via the outlet ports 34 and 35, it returns to the compressor 4 via the third outlet port 36 and the four-way valve 5.

If frost forms on the outdoor heat exchangers 9 and 10 during such heating, the four-way valve 5 is not switched, but the solenoid valves 7 and 8 are controlled to alternately defrost the outdoor heat exchangers 9 and 10.

In order to defrost the outdoor heat exchanger 9, the solenoid valve 7 is first opened.

As a result, a part of the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 4 does not enter the four-way valve 5, as shown by the chain arrow, but flows from the first inlet 32 of the five-way valve 6 through the solenoid valve 7 to the case. 27, the balance within the case is disrupted, the valve rod 24 moves to the right, and the valve body 28 is pressed against the valve seat 30.

Therefore, this refrigerant enters the outdoor heat exchanger 9 from the first inlet/outlet 34 and defrosts the air.

Furthermore, after passing through the capillary tube 13, it joins with the refrigerant that has passed through the indoor heat exchanger 18 and the capillary tube 12, evaporates in the outdoor heat exchanger 10, and flows into the second inlet and outlet of the five-way valve 6. 35 and third inlet 36
and returns to the compressor 4 via the four-way valve 5.

When the outdoor heat exchanger 9 is defrosted, the solenoid valve 7
is closed and the solenoid valve 8 is opened instead, so the five-way valve 6
The valve stem 24 moves to the left, and the valve body 29 presses against the valve seat 31.

Therefore, a portion of the high-temperature, high-pressure gas discharged from the compressor 4 flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 10 via the solenoid valve 3, the second inlet 33, and the second outlet 35, defrosts the gas, and further flows into the capillary. After passing through the tube 13, the refrigerant joins with the refrigerant that has passed through the indoor heat exchanger 18 and the capillary tube 11, and passes through the outdoor heat exchanger 9, the first inlet 34, the third inlet 36, and the four-way valve 5. Return to compressor 4.

When the defrosting of the outdoor heat exchangers 9 and 10 is completed in this way, the solenoid valve 8 is also closed, and inside the case 27 of the five-way valve 6, the valve stem 24 is balanced at the center position by the spring 25° 26, and the valve Since the bodies 28, 29 are both separated from the valve seats 30, 31, the refrigerant circuit 1 enters a normal heating cycle in which the refrigerant flows in the direction of the solid arrow.

In addition, during cooling, the four-way valve 5 is switched as shown by the broken line, and the refrigerant circuit 1 becomes a cooling cycle in which the refrigerant flows in the direction of the broken line arrow.

The heat exchange fan motors 16, 17, 21 are constantly operated during normal heating and cooling, and each heat exchanger 9, 10, 18
promotes heat exchange.

In addition, in the outdoor unit 2, when defrosting operation is performed, it is preferable to stop the fan motor operation of the heat exchanger on which defrosting is being performed in order to promote defrosting; It is best to operate the fan motor of the heat exchanger that is not being used to continue heat exchange in order to obtain the amount of heat exchange necessary for defrosting, and a suitable fan motor control device should be provided for this purpose. is desired.

By the way, the fan motors used in outdoor units are often set at low operating speeds to prevent noise generation, and the amount of heat exchanged by the heat exchanger is insufficient when each fan motor is operated independently. Therefore, there was a risk that the defrosting time would take a long time.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned facts, and includes a plurality of outdoor heat exchangers and heat exchange fan motors arranged side by side on the heat source side, and a plurality of outdoor heat exchangers and a heat exchange fan motor are arranged side by side on the heat source side. In a device in which one side acts as a condenser and the other as an evaporator to sequentially defrost, the fan motors are operated and stopped individually during defrosting operation, and the defrosting side is The purpose is to promote defrosting in the heat exchanger on the side where defrosting is not performed, and to obtain the amount of heat exchange necessary for defrosting in the heat exchanger on the side where defrosting is not performed, and to reduce the operating noise of each fan motor. This makes it possible to shorten the defrosting time by compensating for the lack of heat exchange while suppressing the amount of heat exchanged.

One embodiment of the present invention will be described below by applying it to the air conditioner shown in FIG. 1. FIG.
6, 17 are the main winding 161° 171 and the auxiliary winding 162, 1
A capacitor run type device consisting of 72 is used.

The main windings 161 and 171 are respectively interlocked with switches 37a.

AC power supply 3 via 37b and switches 38a and 38b.
9 in parallel.

Also, the auxiliary windings 162 and 172 are connected to a common operating capacitor 40.
are connected in parallel to the respective main windings 161 and 171 via.

The capacity of the operation capacitor 40 is the same for each fan motor 16, 17.
This is the total capacity when used alone, that is, double the capacity.

Now, when the air conditioner is in normal heating operation or cooling operation, switches 37a, 37b and switch 38
a and 38b are both closed circuits.

The fan motors 16, 17 are connected in parallel to the power supply 39, and the capacity of the operating capacitor 40 is equally divided, so that they operate at normal speeds and promote the evaporation or condensation action of each heat exchanger 9 and 10. do.

In this case, even if the speed of the fan motors 16 and 17 is set low to reduce noise, the heat exchange amount of the indoor unit 3 is maintained sufficiently because the heat exchangers 9 and 10 are working in parallel. It will be possible.

Next, when frosting the heat exchangers 9 and 10 of the outdoor unit 2 and defrosting them alternately, first, when defrosting the heat exchanger 9, open the switches 37a and 37b to turn off the power to the fan motor 16. .

Therefore, the heat exchanger 9 is no longer blown and the defrosting effect is enhanced, and the heat exchanger 10 is operated by the fan motor 17 and the operating capacitor 4.
Since the operating speed of the fan motor 17 increases, the amount of air blown increases and the amount of heat exchange increases, shortening the defrosting time and increasing the capacity of the indoor unit 3.
To prevent a decrease in the condensing temperature of a heat exchanger 18 so that the indoor heating effect is not impaired.

Next, when defrosting the heat exchanger 10, turn on the switch 37a.
, 37b and open the switches 38a and 38b, the fan motor 17 is stopped and the operating speed of the fan motor 16 is increased.

Figure 3 shows another embodiment of the present invention;
Variable speed fan motors 16', 17' are used, and the fan motor 16' has a normally closed switch 41 and a normally closed contact 4.
21 and a switch 42 having a normally open contact 422.
High speed terminal H is connected to normally open contact 422 .

The fan motor 17' is connected to the AC power source 43 via a normally closed switch 44 and a switch 45 having a normally closed contact 451 and a normally open contact 452.
A high speed terminal 51 is connected to a normally open contact 452.

It is assumed that the switches 41 and 45 are interlocked, and the switches 42 and 44 are interlocked.

Therefore, when normal heating or cooling operation is being performed, each switch is in the state shown, and each fan motor 1
6' and 17' both operate at low speeds and generate little noise, and since the heat exchangers 9 and 10 operate in parallel, the amount of heat exchanged by the indoor unit 3 can be maintained sufficiently.

When frosting the heat exchangers 9 and 10 during heating and then defrosting them one after another, first switch 4 when defrosting the heat exchanger 9.
1 is opened, and the switch 45 is switched to the normally open contact 452.

Therefore, as the fan motor 16' stops, the operating speed of the fan motor 17' increases, which promotes defrosting of the heat exchanger 9 and increases the amount of heat exchanged by the heat exchanger 10, thereby shortening the defrosting time. This prevents the indoor heating effect from being impaired.

Subsequently, when defrosting the heat exchanger 10, it is sufficient to open the switch 44 and switch the switch 42 to the normally open contact 422, and the fan motor 17' stops and the fan motor 16'
drives at high speed.

As described above, the present invention sequentially connects a compressor, a four-way valve, a plurality of outdoor heat exchangers that are arranged in parallel and act as evaporators during heating, a pressure reducing element for heating and cooling, and an indoor heat exchanger. At the same time, an auxiliary pressure reducing element for defrosting is installed across these outdoor heat exchangers to alternately function one outdoor heat exchanger as a condenser and the other outdoor heat exchanger as an evaporator during defrosting. Each of the outdoor heat exchangers connected and arranged side by side is equipped with a heat exchange fan motor that stops the condensation side during defrosting and operates the evaporation side at a higher speed than the normal speed. During heating or cooling operation, the generation of operational noise can be suppressed, and when sequential defrosting operation is performed, the heat exchanger promotes defrosting of the heat exchanger on the side that is being defrosted and has an evaporation effect. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heat pump type air conditioner that is useful because it increases the amount of heat exchanged by the device, shortens the defrosting time, and prevents the indoor heating effect from being impaired.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing an example of a heat pump type air conditioner to which the present invention can be applied, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are electrical circuit diagrams each showing an embodiment of the present invention. 2... Outdoor unit, 9, 10... Heat exchanger, 16.17... Heat exchange fan motor.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A compressor, a four-way valve, a plurality of outdoor heat exchangers that are installed in parallel and act as evaporators during heating, a pressure reducing element for heating and cooling, and an indoor heat exchanger are connected in sequence, and
During defrosting, an auxiliary pressure reducing element for defrosting is connected across these outdoor heat exchangers, with one outdoor heat exchanger acting alternately as a condenser and the other outdoor heat exchanger acting as an evaporator. ,
A heat pump characterized in that each of the outdoor heat exchangers arranged side by side is equipped with a heat exchange fan motor whose condensation side during defrosting is stopped and whose evaporation side is operated at a higher speed than the normal speed. type air conditioner.