JPS5927209B2 - Catalyst particle removal device using ultrasonic backwash strainer for cracking residual oil for large diesel engines - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides that when cracking residual oil is used as inferior fuel in a large diesel engine, the fuel injection pump etc. will be contaminated due to catalyst particles and will become inoperable. This invention relates to a catalyst particle removal device using an ultrasonic backwashing strainer to prevent this.

In general, large diesel engines have traditionally used straight-run residue oil as inferior fuel, but recently there has been a worldwide shortage of crude oil, and for this reason, crude oil has been used as low-grade fuel as possible. In an effort to obtain gasoline and light distillates with high oil content, crude oil refining methods have begun to shift to heavy oil cracking, or cranking.

In the oil refining process of this racking method, catalysts in the form of minute powder particles are used, and these catalysts are generally alumina-silica powders with particle sizes ranging from tens of microns to hundreds of microns. After use, a large number of abraded materials are contained as impurities in the cracking residue oil.

For example, according to recent examples, cracking residue oil contains catalyst particles ranging from several hundred ppm to several thousand ppm, and these catalyst particles are hard and highly abrasive, so This causes abnormal wear of the engine's fuel injection pump, injection valves, etc., or causes them to become stuck, resulting in an unoperable accident.

Therefore, if future cracking residue oil is to be used in diesel engines, there is a strong demand for a purification device that removes impurities such as catalyst particles before the fuel injection pump. be.

The present invention utilizes a thin stainless steel perforated plate with small filtration passage holes, or an equivalently fine filtration plate, to prevent entry of catalyst particles larger than the plunger clearance of a large diesel engine fuel injection pump. If you make a filtration cylinder using a stainless wire mesh with passage holes and pass cracking residue oil through it, it will immediately become clogged and become unusable. A large number of ultrasonic waves are irradiated at the same time to generate forced vibrations so that they are evenly distributed throughout the air.At the same time, fine catalyst particles are sieved out and removed. During backwashing, ultrasonic waves are irradiated in the same way as during normal operation to sift out and remove catalyst particles stuck in the filtration passage holes. By doing this, we alternately take a preliminary pause, and even during the pause, we apply ultrasonic waves to automatically perform backflow cleaning, thereby eliminating the time and effort of opening and cleaning and removing catalyst particles from cracked oil. This is a characteristic feature.

An example of an apparatus for carrying out the present invention will be explained below based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the features of the structure of an ultrasonic backwashing strainer used when carrying out the present invention.

In the figure, 1 is a filter cylinder, which is a thin stainless steel perforated plate with small filter passage holes, or an equivalent
It is made of metal made of stainless steel wire wrapped around the outer periphery with the smallest possible filtration passage holes.

2 is the outer container of the strainer, so that ultrasonic waves can be evenly irradiated from the outside of the filter cylinder to the entire area of the filter cylinder.
A number of ultrasound devices shall be installed.

3. This is the mounting bracket for the filter cylinder, and it is firmly attached so that the cracking residue oil flows from the outside to the inside of the filter cylinder.
It shall be installed inside the strainer.

4 is an ultrasonic device, which includes an oscillator that generates high-frequency power;
It consists of a vibrating element, a vibrating body, etc. for generating ultrasonic waves using the high frequency power, but these are simplified in the figure for explanatory purposes.

The figure also shows a state in which ultrasonic waves are irradiated from around the outside of the filter tube toward the filter passage holes at an appropriate number.

5 is an inlet valve for cracking residual oil, and 6 is an outlet valve for cracking residual oil in the filter tube.

Cracking residual oil is usually 5 to 10 kg/crtt.
The catalyst particles are forced to flow from the outside to the inside of the filter cylinder under the pressure of is filtered down to the outside.

7 is the bottom discharge valve.

8 is an inlet pressure detector, and 9 is an outlet pressure detector.

When the filter passage holes become clogged, the outlet pressure decreases.

Therefore, when the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet gradually increases and exceeds the specified value (usually 0.6 to 0.8 kg/crA), it is necessary to clean the filtration passage hole. Another great feature is that it automatically backwashes when exposed to ultrasonic waves, saving the labor and effort of open cleaning.

10 is an automatic backwashing device.

In other words, when the differential pressure at the entrance and exit becomes large, or when a certain period of time is reached by a timer, the automatic backwashing device 1
It is assumed that the command 0 closes the large mouth valve 5 and opens the bottom discharge valve 7.

Then, by partially returning an appropriate amount of oil from the outlet valve 6 side, the direction of the oil flowing through the filtration passage hole is reversed, and the Fc filtration passage hole is automatically cleaned while receiving ultrasonic waves. do.

FIG. 2 is a layout diagram of the apparatus of the present invention using the ultrasonic backwashing strainer shown in FIG. 1.

In the figure, 11 indicates a large diesel engine.

It is assumed that a plurality of ultrasonic backwash strainers are installed before the cracking residual oil is sent to the fuel injection pump of the diesel engine, and the figure shows an example of two installations.

Of these two units, 12 ultrasonic backwash strainers are:
Under normal flow conditions, it operates normally and sends filtered cracked residue oil to the diesel engine.
The ultrasonic backwash strainer No. 13 is in a backflow state and is backwashed and cleaned while applying ultrasonic waves by the action of the automatic backwashing device.

In other words, a suitable amount of oil is returned from the outlet for backwashing, the bottom discharge valve is opened, and the residual oil containing many catalyst particles is returned to the 140 settling tank.

That is, in the strainer 12, the large mouth valve 5' and the outlet valve 6' are open, and the bottom discharge valve 7' is closed.

On the other hand, in the strainer 13, the large mouth valve 5'' is closed and the outlet valve 6'' is opened, and a part of the oil filtered by the strainer 12 flows back, backwashing the filter passage hole, and then the bottom discharge valve Return to the settling tank from 7”.

If the filtration passage hole is thoroughly cleaned by backwashing for a sufficient period of time and by ultrasonic cleaning, the backflow state and the normal flow state will be alternated.

At that time, contrary to the state shown in Fig. 2, the strainer 120 and the artificial valve 5
' is closed, the peripheral discharge valve 7' is opened, the large mouth valve 5'' of the strainer 130 is opened, and the bottom discharge valve 7'' is closed.

Reference numeral 15 indicates a fuel oil purifier, which is a centrifugal mechanical type or other suitable device capable of powerfully removing catalyst particles of cracking residual oil.

This fuel oil purifier 15 purifies and purifies the oil in the settling tank 14 and sends it to a service tank 16.

The oil in the service tank 16 is drawn by the fuel service pump 17, passes through an ultrasonic backwashing strainer, and is sent to the large diesel engine.
It is returned to the service tank 15 by the relief valve of
shall be recirculated.

For this reason, the amount of oil sent by the fuel service pump 17 is divided into the amount sent to the large diesel engine, the amount for backwashing the ultrasonic backwashing strainer during preliminary suspension, and the amount returned by the relief valve. The equipment shall be equipped with additional capacity.

14' and 16' indicate on-off valves, respectively.

With the above configuration, the device is designed to pass the cracking residue oil on the large diesel engine side, and the flow direction of the cranking residue oil passing through the tiny filtration passage hole is automatically determined between the normal direction and the reverse direction. When the flow is normal, catalyst particles larger than the plunger clearance of the fuel injection pump are prevented from passing through, and the catalyst particles are sieved downward and removed by forced vibration using ultrasonic waves. In addition, catalyst particles that are smaller than the fuel injection pump's plunger clearance can become sticky and clog the filtration passage hole or harm the diesel engine by ultrasonic waves when flowing in the opposite direction. After being sieved out and washed, the oil can be removed by forcing it to vibrate downward, so even if cracked residual oil is used in large diesel engines, it will not cause any stickiness or abnormalities in fuel injection pumps, etc. This can prevent wear.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the structural features of an ultrasonic backwashing strainer used when implementing the device of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a layout diagram of the device of the invention. Explanation of symbols, 1... P groove, 2... Strainer outer container, 3... Filter cylinder mounting bracket, 4... Ultrasonic device, 5...
... Cracking residue oil inlet valve, 6... Cracking residue oil outlet valve, 7... Bottom discharge valve, 8... Inlet pressure detector, 9... Outlet pressure detector, 10... Automatic backwash device, 11... Large diesel engine, 12... Ultrasonic backwash strainer in normal flow state, 13... Ultrasonic backwash strainer in reverse flow state, 14... Settling tank ,1
5...Fuel oil purifier, 16...Service tank, 1
γ...Fuel service pump, 18...Relief valve.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. When using fuel cracking residue oil for large diesel engines, in order to prevent accidents resulting in loss of operation, a small filtration passage hole must be provided to prevent entry of catalyst particles larger than the plunger clearance of the fuel injection pump. The filter cylinder 1, which is made of a stainless steel plate or a stainless steel wire with an equivalent thin filtration passage hole, and the minute filtration passage hole are all subjected to forced ultrasonic vibration at the same time, causing the filtration passage hole to open. An ultrasonic device 4 for irradiating powerful high-frequency ultrasonic waves and cracking residues that pass through minute filter passage holes are used to screen out and clean the clogging catalyst particles using ultrasonic waves. A plurality of ultrasonic backwash strainers are installed so that the automatic backwash device 10 operates so that the oil flow direction alternates between the normal direction and the reverse direction. The settling tank 14, fuel oil purifier 15, and service tank 16 are sequentially connected from the bottom of the ultrasonic backwash strainer to send waste oil containing many catalyst particles discharged from the bottom of the ultrasonic backwash strainer. The fuel service pump 11 is connected to the diesel engine through a pipe, and the fuel service pump 11 is configured to send ultrasonically filtered clean oil to the diesel engine with an extra capacity equal to the amount of oil discharged from the bottom of the ultrasonic backwash strainer. Automatically filters and cleans cracked residual oil and cleans the filtration passage holes while recirculating the strainer - settling tank - fuel oil purifier - service tank - ultrasonic backwashing strainer. This is a catalyst particle removal device using an ultrasonic backwash strainer for cracking residual oil for large diesel engines, which is configured so that it can be repeatedly recirculated and carried out continuously.