JPS5929338B2 - Forging method and device for large rings - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a forging method for always aligning both axes of a core metal and a ring material when forging a large ring material using a forging press, and a method for implementing this method. The invention relates to a device.

First, a conventional ring forging method using a forging press will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings.

In Figures 1 and 2, 1 is a ring material to be forged;
2 is the core and 3 is the anvil.

During forging, the mandrel 2 is passed through the center hole of the ring material 1, and both ends of the mandrel 2 are supported by two supports 5 fixed oppositely on the press bed 4, and the anvil 3 is moved. It is fixed to the lower surface of the crosshead 6 so that the ring material 1 is forged between the anvil 3 and the mandrel 2.

Once forged, the moving crosshead 6 is then raised and, for example, a rotating device (
(not shown) rotates the mandrel 2 by a certain angle.

In this case, the ring material 1 on the mandrel 2 is caused by frictional force.
Rotates in the same direction as the mandrel 2.

Then, the mandrel 2 is again supported on the pedestal 5, and forging is performed using the moving crosshead 6 through the anvil 3.

By repeating this process over the entire circumference of the ring material 1, the ring material 1 is forged into a multi-diameter size with a desired finish.

However, this conventional forging method has the following drawbacks.

That is, the rough material 1 of the ring generally has rough shapes and dimensions, and its surface texture is usually uneven.

Therefore, even if the mandrel 2 is passed through the center hole and the mandrel 2 is rotated by a constant angle, it is inevitable that slight unevenness will occur in the rotation of the ring material 1.

As a result, there are many cases where the axis 2a of the mandrel 2 and the axis 1a of the ring material 1 are in the relative position shown in FIG. 3.

If the forging work as described above is carried out in such a state, the finish of the ring material 1 will be insufficient and the roundness accuracy of the diameter dimension will be insufficient. becomes plate-like.

Naturally, this leads to a decrease in material yield and an increase in machining costs, which is a major cause of soaring machining costs.

The present invention aims to provide a method for forging a ring material that improves the drawbacks of the conventional method, namely, the finish is insufficient and the roundness accuracy of the diameter dimension is insufficient, and an apparatus for carrying out this method. Its purpose is to

In the present invention, for this purpose, a ring material positioning device is provided on the moving cross head of the forging press, and by aligning the axes of the mandrel and the ring material, the finish of the ring material can be made into a perfect circle with the diameter dimension. It is characterized by improving accuracy.

The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to Figures 4-11 of the accompanying drawings, which show one embodiment of the apparatus.

In FIGS. 4 and 5, pins lia and 11b are fixed to a mouth-shaped roller frame 10, and a roller 13a is rotatably attached to the pins through bearings 12a and 12b.

The roller frame 10 is swingably attached to the anvil 15 by two pins 14a and 14b via a bracket or the like fixed thereto.

Further, the anvil 15 has a roller 13a with respect to its central axis.
Pin receivers 16a and 16b are attached to substantially opposite sides of the pin receivers 16a and 16b, and sector gears 17a and 17b are rotatably attached to these via pins 18a and 18b, respectively.
Furthermore, a roller frame 20 is fitted with fan-shaped gears 19a and 19b of the same diameter that mesh with and rotate, respectively, and is mounted on the anvil 15 with a pin 21a.

21b.

The pins 14a, 14b and 71a, 21b for attaching the rollers <10.20 to the anvil, respectively, are on the same horizontal plane, and the distances from the vertical center plane Y-Y of the anvil 15 are also equal.

That is, for the dimension amb written in Fig. 4, a
= b.

Further, the rollers 13a and 13b attached to each roller width <10.20 are positioned symmetrically with respect to the vertical center plane Y-Y of the anvil 15.

That is, the center of each roller 13a, 13b and each pin 14
Angle θ1 formed between a straight line connecting the centers of a and 21a and a straight line connecting both pins.

θ2, each roller 13a, 13b, and each pin 14a.

Regarding the distance L1 s L2 between 21a and 21a, θ1=θ
2°L1=L2.

Furthermore, the roller gear 10 and the sector gears 17a, 17b are as follows.
Pins 23a, 23b and 24a are moved by rods 22a and 22b arranged so as to be able to move through the hole drilled in the anvil 15 and make the necessary vertical and horizontal movements, respectively.

24b, in this case each pin 1
Regarding the lengths L3 and L4 of straight lines connecting 4a and 23a and each pin 18a and 24a, and the angles θ3° and θ4 formed between these straight lines and the vertical line, L3
=L4 and θ3=θ4.

Additionally, a hydraulic cylinder 25 is mounted between the roller frame 10 and the anvil 15 and is operated by a hydraulic drive (not shown).

The present invention has the above-described configuration, and its operation will be explained next.

After loading the ring material 1 into the press, pressure oil is introduced into the cylinder 25 from an accumulator (not shown) of a hydraulic drive device, and the roller 13a is moved.

13b is brought into close contact with the ring material 1.

At this time, since the positional relationship between the mandrel 2 and the rollers 13a and 13b is the same as described above, the axes of the mandrel 2 and the ring material coincide when viewed from above in FIG. 4.

After positioning in this manner, forging work is performed via the anvil 15 by vertical movement of the moving crosshead 6 (see Figures 1 and 2).

However, the upward stroke of the moving crosshead is set so that the rollers 13a and 13b do not separate from the ring material 1.

In this case, the moving crosshead rises by a certain amount,
Even if the anvil 15 separates from the ring material 1, the hydraulic cylinder 2
5, the roller 13a is pressed against the ring material 1 using the pins 14a and 14b as fulcrums, and at the same time, the rods 22a and 22b are pulled left and right as seen in FIG.
This movement causes the sector gears 17a, 17b to move to the pin 18a.
, a sector gear 1 that rotates around and meshes with 18b.
9a and 19b are pins 21a.

The roller 13b rotates around the pins 21a and 21b, and therefore the roller frame 20 fixed thereto also rotates around the pins 21a and 21b. become.

Also, if the anvil 15 is pushed down by the moving crosshead, the rollers 13a, 13 in contact with the ring material 1
b receives an upward pushing force and causes the pressure oil in the one-drop pressure cylinder to flow back to an accumulator (not shown) in a movement opposite to the movement when the anvil rises.

In any case, during the forging operation, the rollers 13a and 13b do not separate from the ring material 1, and therefore the ring material 1
The axis of will always coincide with the axis of the mandrel 2.

Strictly speaking, the ring material 1 during forging becomes a perfect circle only at the moment it completes one rotation, so geometrically the axes of the ring material 1 and the mandrel 2 coincide. At this time, the two rollers 13a and 13b come into contact with the ring material 1 only at this moment, but the pressing amount is usually very small compared to the outer diameter of the ring material 1, and in practical terms No problem at all.

Also, for some reason, the roller 13a.

When it becomes necessary to separate the roller 13b from the ring material 1, the roller 13a can be easily removed by switching the valve 26 (Fig. 4).
, 13b can be canceled.

The above has described one embodiment in which the device of the present invention is configured to mechanically synchronize the movements of two contacts, that is, the rollers 13a and 13b, and swing them. The figure shows a second embodiment of the invention.

In the figure, 2 is a mandrel, 1 is a ring material, and 30 is an anvil.

Roller 13a. A cylinder 31a has the movement of 13b built into the anvil 30.

31b converts it into a linear synchronous movement, which is controlled by a hydraulic drive (not shown).

As a result, the same effects as in the first embodiment can be obtained.

Next, FIGS. 8 and 9 show a third embodiment of the present invention.

This includes a cylinder 42 between the anvil 40 and the frame 41.
is provided, and the operation of the cylinder 42 is controlled by a hydraulic drive device (not shown).

Note that the bushing 43 of the frame 41 is movable with the guide 44 attached to the anvil 40.
It is possible to descend to the stepped portion 45.

A fourth embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 10 and 11.

In this case, a weight 51 is placed on a frame 50 to press the roller 13a linearly with a constant pressure.

As explained above, according to the present invention, with a relatively simple structure, the axis of the mandrel and the ring material is viewed from above,
It is possible to forge in a condition where they are always forcibly matched, and the roundness accuracy of the finished ring material can be greatly improved compared to the conventional forging without positioning. can.

Moreover, this improves the material yield and also reduces machining costs, which is very useful industrially.

Although the present invention has been described above using a general-purpose press, it goes without saying that the ring positioning device according to the present invention can be directly attached to a moving crosshead to create a dedicated machine.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a front view showing a conventional ring material forging method, Fig. 2 is a side view of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is an explanation showing the axial line state of the mandrel and ring material in the conventional forging method. Figure 4 is
A partially cutaway front view showing an embodiment of the apparatus according to the present invention, the upper half and the lower half of FIG. 5 are shown in FIG. 4, respectively. 6 is a cutaway front view showing the second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway plan view of FIG. 6, and FIG. FIG. 9 is a cutaway front view showing a third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a partially cutaway plan view of FIG.
FIG. 0 is a cutaway front view showing the fourth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is a partially cutaway plan view of FIG. 10. 1...Ring material, 1a...Ring material 1
axis line, 2... mandrel, 2a... mandrel 2
axis, 3...anvil, 4...press bed, 5...cradle, 6...moving cross head, 7... Chain, 10...
・・Rolla Waku, 11a・, 11 iib＋＊−m
Pin, 12a. 12b...Rolling bearing, 13a, 13b...
...Roller, 14a, 14b...Pin, 1
5...Anvil, 16a, 16b...Pin holder, 17a, 17b...Sector gear, 18a
, 18b=pin, 19a. 19b... Sector gear, 20... Roller frame, 21a. 21b...Pin, 22a, 22b...
Rod, 23a, 23b...Pin, 24a, 2
4b...Pin, 25...Hydraulic cylinder, 26...Switching valve, 30...
Anvil, 31a, 31b...Cylinder, 32a
, 32b... Guide button, 33...
・Pin, 34...Roller bearing, 40...
...Anvil, 41...Frame, 42...
・Cylinder, 43... Bush, 44...
... Guide, 45 ... Stepped section, 46 ...
・Pin, 47...Roller bearing, 50...
...Frame, 51... Weight, 52...
Anvil, 53...Button, 54...Guide, 55...Step, 56...Pin,
57...Roller bearing.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a forging press consisting of a moving crosshead, a press bed, etc., when forging a large ring material using a mandrel and an anvil attached to the moving crosshead, the mandrel is attached to the moving crosshead or the anvil. A pair of contacts are arranged at symmetrical positions on the vertical center plane, and these are oscillated or symmetrically about the axis of the mandrel while always contacting the ring material in response to the movement of the moving crosshead or anvil. A method for forging a large ring, characterized in that forging is performed while the ring material is correctly positioned on the axis of the mandrel by performing linear motion. 2. In a forging press consisting of a moving crosshead, a press bed, etc., a pair of contacts is arranged symmetrically with respect to the vertical center plane on the moving crosshead or an anvil attached to the moving crosshead. It is rotatably supported on a frame that is attached to swing or move linearly symmetrically with respect to the vertical center plane of the crosshead or anvil, and an external force is always applied to this frame to direct it toward the press bed. A large ring forging device characterized by: 3. A pair of roller frames each rotatably supporting a contactor symmetrically with respect to the vertical center plane of the moving crosshead or an anvil that is attached to the moving crosshead is rotatably mounted via a pin. Installation: A sector gear is attached to one roller frame coaxially with the pin, and the sector gear that meshes with this is rotatably attached to the moving crosshead or anvil, and the latter sector gear is connected to the other roller frame via a rod. This roller frame is constantly pressed through a cylinder attached to the moving crosshead or anvil so that its contact points face the press bed, and thereby the other roller frame is also pressed through the rod and the interlocking sector gears. 3. A forging device according to claim 2, wherein the contact is directed towards the press bed. 4 A moving crosshead or an anvil that is attached to the anvil is provided with a pair of cylinders vertically symmetrically with respect to its vertical center plane, and a contact is rotatably attached to the bottom of each piston operated by the cylinders. The forging device according to claim 2, which is bearing-mounted. 5. Attach one set of guides to each side of the vertical center plane of the jar to the anvil that is attached to or to be attached to the moving crosshead, and arrange the frame to be movable in the vertical direction using each set of guides, and move this. The contactor is driven by a cylinder attached to the crosshead or the anvil, and the frame rotatably supports the contactor symmetrically with respect to the vertical center plane of the moving crosshead or the anvil. Forging device according to item 2. 6 Attach one set of guides to each side of the vertical center plane of a moving crosshead or an anvil that can be attached to it, arrange the frame so that it can move in the vertical direction by each set of guides, and place a heavy weight on the top surface of the frame. 3. The forging device according to claim 2, wherein a weight is installed and a contactor is rotatably supported on the lower surface symmetrically with respect to a vertical center plane of a moving crosshead or an anvil. I. A forging device according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the contact is formed by a roller.