JPS5929479B2 - Method and device for rapid stopping of ships - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for rapidly stopping a ship.

For the purpose of avoiding danger, it has been considered to use auxiliary means such as parachutes and fins in order to quickly stop a ship while it is sailing.

However, since these all utilize the resistance of auxiliary flats, they must be large-scale in order to quickly stop a ship with a very large weight, and they must be used in an emergency. seems to be extremely difficult.

This invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and
It is an object of the present invention to provide a rapid stop method and device that are extremely simple in operation and configuration, can be operated and activated quickly, and can reliably perform a rapid stop.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Referring to FIG. 1, the rapid stop method according to the present invention reverses the rotation of the main engine that drives the propulsion propeller when an emergency stop occurs, and also controls the steering engine, the nature of the ship, the loading condition, etc. , when the rudder is turned to port, for example, to the vicinity of the maximum rudder angle pmax allowed by various conditions such as weather, and the heading angle relative to the set course of the vessel S reaches the required angle θl to port (hereinafter referred to as rapid stop heading angle). Then, the direction of the ship S was changed to starboard by turning the rudder in the opposite direction, that is, to starboard, up to the vicinity of the maximum rudder angle max, and then the heading angle of the ship S became starboard at the rapid stop eccentric angle θl. Sometimes, the rudder is turned to port to near the maximum rudder angle mentioned above.
is repeated.

Here, the maximum steering angle μmax and the rapid stop eccentric angle θl vary greatly depending on the above conditions, but the maximum steering angle m
It is preferable that ax be approximately 35° and the rapid stop eccentric angle θl be 5° or more.

Also, in Figure 1, the set course is drawn as a straight line, but
It can also be set as an arbitrary curve if necessary.

According to this method, since the ship itself, which is extremely heavy, is used as a resistor, it is possible to bring the ship to a rapid stop reliably and quickly, and there is no need for any auxiliary means for rapid stopping. The effect is huge.

It is also easy to operate.

Referring to FIG. 2, the quick stop device according to the present invention includes a reversing device 6 that reverses 70 rotations of the main engine that drives the propulsion propeller, and an output of the needle angle detecting device 1 that is equal to or greater than the quick stop deflection angle θ1. A dead band device (which transmits the above output only if
Rapid stop eccentric angle detection device) 2, a steering drive motor 9 that rotates in a predetermined direction according to the output of this dead zone device 2 and steers the vehicle.
, and a maximum steering angle detection device 5 that detects when the steering angle has become near the maximum steering angle max and stops the steering drive motor 9, preferably a reversing device 6, a dead zone device 2, A maximum steering angle detection device 5 and a quick stop start switch 8 for starting the operation of the drive motor 9 are provided.

As this quick stop device, it is desirable to use an automatic steering device (auto pilot) 3 that is equipped on a normal ship.

The automatic steering device 3 includes a first steering drive motor 9 and a steering angle feedback device 10, and when the heading angle θ is detected by the heading angle detection device 1 made of a gyro, ronpass, etc., the first drive motor 9 rotates. be done.

Then, the output of the first drive motor 9, that is, the steering angle μ is
The drive motor 9 is stopped when the deflection angle θ and the steering angle μ become equal.

Recently, there are many systems in which the steering angle μ is made proportional to the value obtained by adding the differential value t to the steering angle θ, but the principle of return is the same.

The feedback device 10 may include, for example, a contact device (contact maker) rotated by a repeater motor included in the needle angle detection device 1 and a follow-up (contactor ring) rotated by a drive motor 9. , a follower contact rotated by an azimuth receiving celsin motor driven by a signal from the needle angle detection device 1, and a follower contact rotated by a follower motor driven by the differential voltage between the 0 oscillator and the μ oscillator. There are things that consist of.

The steering wheel is rotated by the 1-drive motor 9, and the steering engine 4 is driven via hydraulic pressure and other transmission mechanisms to perform course-keeping navigation.

The dead zone device 2 can be a known weather adjustment device, and is composed of, for example, a joint with a gap, a relay circuit, a diode circuit, or the like.

The angular range in which the output of the needle angle detection device 1 is not transmitted, that is, the dead zone angle, can be arbitrarily set within a range of 5° or more in the left and right directions.

The maximum steering angle detection device 5 is composed of a cam connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 9 via a gear or the like, and a limit switch that turns on or off when the cam rotates by a required angle. Alternatively, the oscillation output of the μ oscillator connected to the drive motor 9 may be level-discriminated, and an output may be generated when the oscillation output reaches a predetermined value.

It goes without saying that it is preferable to set the detected steering angle arbitrarily.

The return device 10 is provided with a switch 11 and the like, and when the switch 8 starts a rapid stop, the return of the steering angle μ is stopped.

A known reversing device 6 can be used.

Now, when an emergency stop situation occurs, the switch 8 is pressed to activate each device 2, 5, 6.

Then, the rotation of the propeller by the main engine 7 is reversed, and the drive motor 9 is driven to rotate the rudder in a predetermined direction.

When the steering angle μ reaches the set maximum angle μmax, the detection device 5 generates an output and the drive motor 9 is stopped.

The ship gradually changes direction to port or starboard, and when the yaw angle θ finally reaches the quick stop device angle θl, the output of the detection device 1 is sent to the 1 drive motor 9 through the dead zone device 2, and the 1 drive motor 9 now rotates in the opposite direction.

Therefore, the rudder is rotated in the opposite direction and the vessel turns in the opposite direction.

In this way, the ship sails while decelerating in a zigzag pattern and finally comes to a stop.

This quick stop device has a very simple configuration and can be used as is with an automatic steering device installed on a normal ship, so it is very useful.

Furthermore, since it is easy to operate, it can be operated quickly in an emergency, and moreover, it can be stopped quickly and reliably.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the method of this invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram showing the apparatus of this invention. 1... needle angle detection device, 2... dead zone device, (rapid stop needle angle detection device), 5... maximum rudder angle detection device, 6... ... Reversing device, 7...
・・Main engine, 9・・・・1 drive motor for steering, S・
...Vessel, θ...Occurrence angle, θl...
...Required deflection angle necessary for rapid stop, μ... Rudder angle, μm a x... Maximum rudder angle.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Reverse the rotation of the main engine that drives the propulsion propeller, set the rudder angle near the maximum allowable angle, and set the heading angle relative to the set course to the required angle necessary for rapid stopping. A method of rapidly stopping a ship that involves repeatedly turning the rudder in the opposite direction to near the maximum angle mentioned above. 2. A reversing device that reverses the rotation of the main engine that drives the propulsion propeller, a rapid stop needle angle detection device that generates an output when the needle angle reaches the required angle for rapid stop, and this rapid stop needle angle A steering drive motor rotates in a predetermined direction according to the output of the detection device to steer the vehicle, and a maximum steering drive motor detects that the steering angle is close to the maximum allowable angle and stops the steering drive motor. Rapid stopping device for ships equipped with a rudder angle detection device.