JPS5930879B2 - Rock drilling method and device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION This application relates to a drilling technique for forming holes and notches for the so-called smooth plastin ink method used in rock excavation.

Therefore, the disclosed invention relates to a rock excavation and perforation method used in the so-called smooth plastin ink construction method, in which blast holes are bored in rock along the excavation surface to form a smooth fracture surface when constructing a tunnel or the like. It relates to a drilling device that is used directly, and in particular, a blast hole drilling rod connected to a rock drill has a drilling bit at its tip, and a notch-forming pipe sheathed on its stem has a kite strip on its outer side. Blasting along the excavation surface by providing a body that is slidably and non-rotatably engaged with a centralizer provided on the equipment frame and having at least one or more notch-forming blade tips at its distal end; This invention relates to a rock excavation drilling method in which notches are simultaneously formed on one side of a hole, and a drilling device directly used in the method.

As is well known, in rock excavation for tunnel cavity formation, etc., from the viewpoint of efficiency, a large number of blast holes 3, 3, etc. are drilled and set in the planned excavation section 2 of the rock mass 1 as shown in Fig. 1. In order to approximate the excavated surface 4 as much as possible and make it a smooth surface, blast holes 3', 3', etc. are drilled at predetermined intervals along the excavated surface 4, and the blasting is performed by charging the excavated surface 4. There is a smooth plastin ink method.

However, in this type of smooth plastering method, there is no particular problem in the &ζ internal blasting holes 3, 3... performing the prescribed blasting, but the blasting holes 3', 3'-... along the excavated surface 4.
The explosion energy of the blasting does not extend only along the excavated surface 4, but also extends to the other directions as shown in FIG. 2, resulting in the formation of severe irregularities on the excavated surface 4. However, as long as this is done, cracks will develop in the surrounding rock 1, which will later cause roughness and falling rocks, making it difficult to achieve smooth blasting.

By the way, the applicant's earlier application, Japanese Patent Application No. 52-1815,
Blasting holes 3', 3' along the excavation surface 4 as shown in No. 2
-... as shown in Figures 3a and 3b (for adjacent blast holes 3', that is, in the above embodiment, the notches 6.6' are axially parallel to the excavated surface 4). It has been found that it is very advantageous when applied to, for example, tunnel excavation, as shown in FIG. 4.

That is, if blasting is performed by forming notches 6 or 6' with a water jet of pressurized water as appropriate before and after drilling the blast hole 3', the energy distribution 5' due to the blasting will be as shown in FIG. Notch 6.6 of adjacent blast hole 3'
', the excavation surfaces 4 are largely oriented toward each other, and the crack propagation to the rock 1 side is small, resulting in a smooth excavation surface 4.

However, in order to form the notch 6 or 6' along with the blast hole 3', a water jet using pressurized water has been mainly used, and therefore, the drilling hole used for drilling the blast hole 3' has mainly been used. A special water jet injection device must be used separately from the Iwatsuki, which has the disadvantage that the volumetric mechanisms such as seals, swivel joints, and centering mechanisms are extremely complicated.Moreover, since it is set in a narrow blast hole, it requires a small precision jet. Not only does this have the disadvantage of requiring a lot of maintenance, which increases costs, but it also has the disadvantage of requiring a lot of skill because the operation is repetitive, and it also has the disadvantage that maintenance is not easy.

The purpose of the invention of this application is to solve the problems of the means for drilling a notch with a blast hole used in rock excavation using the improved method of smooth blasting, and to further improve the method for drilling a notch with a blast hole. To provide an excellent rock excavation method capable of easily and accurately drilling a notched blast hole by simply setting a notch forming pipe on the outside, and a drilling device directly used in the method.

The structure of the invention of this application in accordance with the above object is that when drilling a normal blast hole at a set location in the rock mass, the drill is drilled in a predetermined position by rotation and axial impact of a normal drilling rod of a rock driller, and When drilling a blast hole, the notch-forming pipe is sheathed around the drilling rod, and the notch-forming pipe is engaged with the centralizer attached to the frame so as to be prevented from rotating, and the drilling rod is used to drill the blast hole by making a smooth movement. The main feature is that the notch-forming pipe receives only an axial blow in a non-rotating manner so that the notched side can be integrally formed in the blast hole by the drilling rod. It is.

Next, one embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5, and based on the drawings from FIG. 6 onwards.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a drilling device which constitutes the gist of the present invention, in which a well-known drill bit 9 is attached to the base end side of a frame which also includes a guide cell 8, and a drilling bit is connected to the tip of the drill bit 9 via a well-known connection mechanism to the joint portion 10. A drilling rod 12 having a diameter of 11 is pre-coupled so that a blast hole 3 is drilled by the rock drill 9 by rotation and axial impact.

In the above structure, both of the blast holes 3 and 3' shown in FIG. 4 can be bored.

The notch forming pipe 1 is connected to the drilling rod 12.
3 is loosely inserted and sheathed, and at its tip, as shown in FIG. 8, there is a tip attachment part 14.
is integrally protruded, and a carbide tip is, is
is installed horizontally.

Further, a protrusion 17 as a guide strip is integrally attached to the stem 16 of the notch forming pipe 13 along the axial direction, and the protrusion 11 is implanted at the tip of the guide cell 8 via a pin 18. When the notch forming pipe 13 is loosely inserted into the hole 20 of the fixed centralizer 19, it is slidably engaged with the notch guide 21 of the centralizer 19, and the drilling rod 120 The notched pipe 13 is formed by the abutting engagement of the flange 23 that abuts against the base flange 22.
The notches 6, 6' are perforated by the tips 15, 15 of the tip attachment portions 14, 14 by being hit only in the axial direction in a non-rotating manner.

Incidentally, depending on the shape, size, number, and arrangement of the tip attachment portion 14, the notch integrally extended into the blast hole 3' by the drilling bit 11 of the drilling rod 12 is formed to be 6 or 6' as appropriate. .

Therefore, by not setting or resetting the notch forming pipe 13 to the centralizer 19, the blast holes 3', 3,
That is, the notched 6.6' blast hole and the internal blast hole are simultaneously
Or formed singly.

In the above configuration, when excavating a tunnel in the bedrock 1, the blast holes 3, 3, etc. are drilled at set intervals in the set excavation surface 4 as described above. rod 1
Predetermined blast holes 3, 3, . . . can be bored by connecting only the holes 2, that is, by performing normal drilling work without the notch forming pipe 13.

When drilling the blast holes 3', 3', etc. along the excavation surface 4, the notch forming pipe 13 is inserted onto the drilling rod 12 and the notch forming pipe 13 is inserted into the drilling rod 12. 13 and its protrusion 17 are inserted into and engaged with the hole 20 and guide 21 of the centralizer 19 attached to the guide cell 8, the drilling rod 12 is connected to the rock drill 9, and the rock drill 9 is started.

By doing this, the drilling rod 12 rotates and hits in the axial direction in the same manner as in the above embodiment, and the blast hole 3' is drilled.
In addition, the notch forming pipe 13 is prevented from rotating because the protrusion 17 is restrained by the guide 21 of the centralizer 19.
Only the axial impact is excited by the flanges 22 and 23, and a notch 6 or 6' is simultaneously formed integrally with the side of the blast hole 3' by the drilling rod 12 through the carbide bit 15 at the tip thereof.

In this case, since the guide 21 of the centralizer 19 and the tip attachment part 14 of the notch forming pipe 13 are in a parallel relationship in this embodiment, the notches 6 and 6 surfaces can be adjusted appropriately by tilting the guide cell 8 as set. It can be matched along the excavation surface 4.

It goes without saying that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. For example, it is also possible to adopt an embodiment in which the impact power sources for the drilling rod 12 and the notch forming pipe 13 are separate; It is also possible to make it into a textured pull type.

Moreover, when the flange 22 is used only with the drilling rod 12, it can be removed with a screw.

Of course, the object to be excavated is not limited to tunnels, and various other drilling structures may be considered as targets.

As described above, according to the invention of this application, in a rock excavation drilling method in which a predetermined excavation surface is formed in a rock using the smooth plastering method, a drilling rod connected to a drilling rock is connected to the drilling rod. A notch-forming pipe is loosely fitted on the outside of the stem, the notch-forming pipe has at least one tip extending outwardly at its tip, and a guide strip is provided on the axially outer side of the notch-forming pipe, and the guide strip is provided on the device frame. By slidingly engaging the centralizer in a non-rotating manner, a blast hole is basically drilled on the set excavation surface with the bit at the end of the rod, and at the same time, it is integrated into the blast hole. The notch is formed and drilled at some point in the process, and therefore, the notched blast hole is drilled in one step, and there is an excellent effect that the blast hole is drilled in an extremely efficient manner.

In addition, since the blast hole and notch are formed at the same time, the accuracy of both is the same, and the connection accuracy can also be made more accurate, which has the effect of further improving the accuracy of the smooth plastering method along the excavated surface. .

In addition, since the notched blast holes are formed in one step, there is an advantage that the conventional cycle time is not affected.

Furthermore, in the equipment used directly for this drilling method, it can be used as a normal notchless blast hole drilling equipment by simply removing the notch forming pipe, and the setup change is extremely simple and easy, and can be done in a short time. It also has the advantage of being a dual-purpose device that greatly helps reduce equipment costs.

Furthermore, since you can use a regular rock drill as is, in addition to the above advantages, there is no need to specially manufacture the entire device.
, which greatly contributes to cost reduction.

The excavated surface formed in this way has high precision as described above, so it is smooth, there is no surface roughness, there is less over-digging, there are fewer floating stones, and it is fully effective in reducing damage to the surrounding rock. I can do it.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is an explanatory cross-sectional diagram of tunnel excavation, Figure 2 is an explanatory diagram of the disadvantages of the general conventional smooth plastering method, Figures 3a and 3b are explanatory diagrams of notched blast holes, and Figure 4 is an illustration of the new technology. Figure 5 is a schematic explanatory diagram of the smooth plastering method based on the construction method. 6 is an overall schematic explanatory diagram of one embodiment, FIG. 7 is an enlarged sectional explanatory diagram of a part of FIG. 6, FIG. 8 is a perspective explanatory diagram of a tip portion of FIG. Fig. 10 is a perspective explanatory view of the centralizer. 1... Rock mass, 4... Excavation surface, 3'... Blasting-TL
12...Drilling rod, 6,6'-...Notch, 13.
... Pipe, 14... Blade tip, 7... Drilling device, 9... Drilling rock, 17... Guide strip, 8...
... Guide cell, 19... Centralizer.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. When excavating the rock by drilling a blast hole along the excavation surface of the excavated rock and drilling another blast hole within the excavation surface, the blast hole is drilled along the excavation surface using a drilling rod. In a rock excavation drilling method in which a slit-like notch is formed along the excavation surface by drilling a hole along the drilling rod and integrally communicating with the blast hole, the formation of the slit-like notch is carried out by a notch sheathed on the drilling rod. A method for excavating and drilling holes in rock, characterized in that the hole is drilled in the axial direction of the hole by the impact of a blade tip provided at least on the l-side tip of the hole pipe. 2. In a drilling device for drilling a blast hole along the excavation surface of excavated rock, a drilling rod connected to a rock drill and having a drilling bit at its tip has a notch drilling pipe mounted on its stem so as to be relatively slidable, and The notched perforated pipe has at least one blade tip extending outwardly at its tip and has a guide strip on its axially outer side,
A drilling device for rock excavation, characterized in that the guide strip is non-rotatably engaged with a centralizer provided in a guide cell.