JPS5932187B2 - milling equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a grinding device that can be applied to both high-temperature and low-temperature applications for grinding dehulled soybeans, corn, and other chemicals into fine particles.

Conventionally, this type of grinding device generally has a fixed grindstone placed above and a rotary grindstone placed below in the grinding chamber.

The material supplied from a hopper installed above the crushing chamber is simply ground between both grinding wheels and then discharged. Depending on the type of material to be ground, grinding may not be carried out at high or low temperatures. It was something I couldn't do. For example, when grinding at high temperatures, the object to be ground is heated by a heat medium such as steam hot water in a cylindrical jacket below the hopper, and the annular groove of the fixed grindstone above A heat medium such as steam or hot water is fed into the annular jacket around the outside of the room to heat the friction chamber to a high temperature, and when grinding is performed at a low temperature, a coolant such as cold water or low-temperature gas is fed into the cylindrical jacket. At the same time, the material to be ground is cooled, and a refrigerant such as cold water or low-temperature gas is fed into the annular groove and the annular jacket to keep the chamber at a low temperature, and the material in the hopper is placed in the cylindrical jacket. A grinding method that allows grinding to be carried out at high or low temperatures depending on the type of material to be ground by dispersing it while falling in a fixed amount using a spiral and exposing it to a high or low temperature atmosphere to heat or cool the material to be ground. The present invention provides a crushing device. Each embodiment of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings. FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the main parts of a grinding device for producing soybean milk according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The grinding chamber is equipped with a fixed grindstone a above and a rotating grindstone b below, the fixed grindstone a has an annular introduction groove 2 for steam, hot water, etc. on its upper surface, and the rotating grindstone is On the grindstone fixing plate 4 which has a scraper blade 3 on the outer periphery of the lower surface, a mounting tool 6 and a scraper 7 having a guide blade are attached to the rotating shaft 5.
and a nut 7', and this rotating shaft is interlocked with an interlocking shaft 10 which is connected to a motor m through a bearing 8 and a coupling 9, and steam or It is equipped with an annular jacket 11, 11 for hot water or the like.

Reference numeral 12 denotes a material supply hopper, and the hopper 12 has a substantially inverted truncated conical shape, and below the conical portion 13 of the hopper, there are a number of small holes 14 for blowing steam on the inner periphery and an inlet 15 thereof.
and a cylindrical jacket 17 having a drain outlet 16 and a drain outlet 16.

A motor M2, a material supply spiral 19, and a hot water injection pipe 20 are mounted on the lid 18, and a rotating vertical shaft 21 for stirring the material that is interlocked with the motor M2 is provided with a stirring shaft 21 for stirring the inside of the inverted truncated conical portion. The material is dispersed in a fixed amount in the blades 22, 22 and the cylindrical jacket part 17 and heated by exposing it to high-temperature steam,
A spiral 23 is provided to supply a fixed amount of this into the grinding chamber. Note that 24 is an outlet for the ground material, 25 is an inlet for steam or hot water in the annular jacket 11 on the outer periphery of the grinding chamber, and 26 is an inlet for steam or hot water.
2 is a drain outlet, 27 is a steam or hot water inlet of the annular introduction groove 2 of the fixed grindstone, 28 is a drain outlet, and 29 is a seal ring for steam or hot water.

The fixed grindstone a and the rotary grindstone b of this grinding device are both non-porous grindstones.

In addition, the non-porous whetstone referred to in this specification refers to large, medium, and
Small abrasive grains are mixed and filled so that there are no gaps between the particles, and this is bonded with thermosetting epoxy resin and sintered under pressure to create a dense structure with no pores. A porous grindstone is a grindstone that can withstand crushing, and a porous grindstone is a normal human-like grindstone that is composed of three elements: abrasive grains, a binder, and pores.

The grinding device of the first embodiment is a device for directly producing odorless soybean milk from dehulled and dried soybeans, and 4 to 15 minutes of boiling water at about 95° C. is added to 1 part of dried soybeans supplied from the material supply spiral 19.
A large amount of hot water is injected from a boiling water injection pipe while stirring to moisten the soybean, and the moist raw soybean is quantitatively dispersed by a spiral 23 provided inside the cylindrical jacket 17 at the bottom of the hopper 12. This is evenly heated by high-temperature steam ejected from small steam ejection holes 14 drilled around the inner circumference of the cylindrical jacket, and then heated through the annular introduction groove 2 of the fixed grindstone and the annular jacket 11 around the outer periphery of the grinding chamber. When soybeans are crushed in a high-temperature atmosphere where both the grinding wheel and the grinding chamber are heated by steam or boiling water, the soybean milk produced by the conventional tofu manufacturing method, in which soybeans are immersed in water for a long time and crushed, is produced. The difference is that the odor and tofu smell completely disappear, and you can easily produce odorless soy milk with a sweet taste.

In other words, in the conventional method of producing tofu, dried soybeans are soaked in water for a long time before the pulverization process is carried out, which causes them to emit off-flavors due to the action of enzymes while soaked in water for a long time and allowed to swell. However, in the present invention, dried soybeans are moistened by soaking them in a large amount of boiling water for a short time, and then heated with high-humidity steam to stop enzyme activity. Since the soybean milk is introduced into the grinding chamber 1 and ground, the enzymes are deactivated and a high-quality odorless soybean milk product that completely eliminates the unusual odor peculiar to soybean milk can be easily obtained in one step. Next, a second embodiment will be explained with reference to FIG. 2. The structure of this second embodiment is almost the same as that of the first embodiment, but only the cylindrical jacket 1r below the hopper is normally This is a steam jacket that does not have small holes for blowing steam on the inner peripheral surface, and only has steam blowing holes 15.
and a drain outlet 16 (Fig. 2 omits parts other than the cylindrical jacket part). In other words, it is a dry type high temperature grinding apparatus which has a so-called dry type heating jacket and is not equipped with a hot water injection pipe 20. As the grinding wheels, non-porous grinding wheels are used for both the upper and lower parts as in the first embodiment. As described above, this non-porous grindstone has a dense structure that can withstand heavy pressure grinding, and is therefore suitable for grinding chlorella and the like. Now, to explain this simply, mix chlorella and glycerin at a ratio of 1:1, and add 1:1 to a cylindrical jacket.
The chlorella is preheated at step 7' and ground into ultrafine particles using a nonporous grindstone in a grinding chamber with a high-temperature atmosphere as described above, and the ground chlorella is discharged in the same state as if it had undergone a boiling sterilization process at 100°C. Incidentally, since chlorella spoils in a short period of time when moisture is added to it, this grinding device is most suitable for grinding and sterilizing chlorella. Next, a third embodiment in which the grinding process is carried out at a low temperature will be explained with reference to FIG. 3 (the same reference numerals indicate the same parts as in FIG. 1). It has a vitrified type fixed grindstone a' on the upper side and a vitrified type rotary whetstone b' on the lower side. is attached to a rotating shaft 5 on a fixed grindstone plate 4 having scrapers 3 on the outer periphery of its lower surface by means of a fixture 6, a scraper 7 having guide vanes, and a nut 7', and this rotating shaft 5 is attached to a bearing 8. The grinding chamber is connected to an interlocking shaft 10 which is connected to a motor m1 by a coupling 9, and an annular jacket 11, 11 for containing cold water or cooling gas is provided on the outer periphery of the grinding chamber.

Reference numeral 12 denotes a material supply hopper, which has a substantially inverted truncated cone shape, and below the conical portion 13 of the hopper, there is a small hole 14 for blowing out cooling gas on the inner periphery and its inlet. 15
A cylindrical jacket 17 is provided.

A motor M2, a material supply spiral 19, and a cooling gas blowing pipe 20 are mounted on the lid 18, and a material stirring shaft 21 that is interlocked with the motor M2 has a stirring blade 22 that stirs the inside of the inverted truncated cone. , 22, and a spiral 23 for distributing the material in a fixed amount in the cylindrical jacket portion 17, cooling it by exposing it to cooling gas, and supplying the same in a fixed amount. 24 is a discharge port for the ground material, 25 is a cold water or cooling gas inlet of the annular jacket of the grinding chamber, 26 is a cold water or cooling gas discharge port, and 27 is a cooling gas inlet of the annular introduction groove of the fixed grinding wheel. 28 is its discharge port, and 29 is a seal ring for cooling gas. In the third embodiment, a spiral 23 provided inside a cylindrical jacket 17 at the bottom of the hopper 12 disperses the material to be ground and feeds it in a fixed amount into the grinding chamber below. The grinding wheel is cooled evenly by the low-temperature cooling gas ejected from the small cooling gas ejection holes 14 drilled in the inner peripheral surface of the shaped jacket, and then the annular introduction groove 2 of the fixed grindstone is cooled.
The cooling gas sent to the annular jacket port 1 on the outer periphery of the grinding chamber
Grinding is carried out in a low-temperature atmosphere in which the grinding wheel and the grinding chamber body are cooled by cold water or cooling gas fed into the fixed grinding wheel. The part enters the porous type grinding wheel, and a part of it is released from the grinding wheel surface, so the grinding heat of the grinding wheels is absorbed, so the grinding process can be performed while maintaining the low temperature, and the cooling gas By using an inert gas such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide gas, the oxidation of the ground material can be prevented, and the grinding process can be carried out without changing the quality, discoloration, or losing the aroma of the ground material. It is possible.

To explain matcha (2,500 to 5,000 mesh) as the material to be ground in this third embodiment,
Matcha is a luxury item with an extremely high level of tradition in terms of flavor and color, and if the temperature exceeds 70 degrees Celsius during the grinding process, the color and aroma will be lost and the matcha will lose its life.

To this day, grinding is still done carefully using an old-fashioned stone mill, which is extremely time-consuming and inefficient. However, when we experimented with the dry cooling type grinding device of the third embodiment, we found that The quality is no different from that produced in small quantities using a stone mill, and the product has the effect of being able to be produced in large quantities simply and easily. The present invention constructed as described above uses a cylindrical jacket provided at the bottom of the hopper to directly (inject) the material to be ground by means of a liquid or gaseous heat medium (heating or cooling) fed into the hopper. ) or indirectly heated or cooled, and further, the material to be ground is diffused by a rotating spiral provided inside the cylindrical jacket and well exposed to the heat medium, and the material to be ground is effectively heated or cooled. Inside the grinding chamber, which is maintained at a high or low temperature by a liquid or gas heat medium fed into an annular jacket on the outer periphery of the grinding chamber, the upper part of the grinding chamber is heated or cooled by a heat medium introduced into an annular groove on the upper surface of the grinding chamber. Since grinding is performed using a fixed grindstone and a lower rotary grindstone that rotates in opposition to the fixed grindstone, it has the effect of maintaining the high or low temperature of the object to be ground and grinding it well, and it also has the effect of being able to grind the object well while maintaining a high or low temperature. By selecting , deodorization or anti-oxidation treatment can be performed in the first step of the grinding process (direct irradiation with heat medium) or during the grinding process, making it suitable for grinding various foodstuffs, luxury goods, medicines, etc. It is versatile and can greatly contribute to labor savings.

Other examples will be listed below, divided into a case of high-temperature grinding using a non-porous grindstone and a case of low-temperature grinding using a porous grindstone.

Example A. In the case of high temperature grinding using a non-porous grindstone 1. When fresh corn paste and boiled corn are ground in a high-temperature atmosphere using the same method as above, they are turned into a paste in one step.

Because the surface area has increased thousands of times due to ultra-fine granulation, the time required for fermentation can be drastically shortened by transplanting fermentation bacteria, which not only reduces running costs but also simplifies the process and improves fermentation speed compared to conventional methods for alcohol production. Speed up is possible. 2. Butter Peanuts Conventionally, when roasted peanuts are ground as they are, the frictional heat causes the peanuts to gain fluidity and escape from the discharge hole. Even if fluidity is obtained due to the heat generated at the time, the viscosity is extremely high because it immediately goes to cooling, resulting in large resistance generated in the scraper blades, which often results in burnout of the motor, requiring more horsepower than necessary. did.

According to the method of the present invention, the material is pre-heated, the resistance during grinding is low, and the temperature does not drop even after the material escapes from the grinder, making it possible to escape without resistance, reducing the motor horsepower and increasing the grinding time. Driving becomes possible. B. In the case of low-temperature grinding using a porous grindstone 1. Bonito/cod type (
300 mesh) The larger the fish, the harder the bones, the greater the resistance, and unexpected high-temperature energy is generated, causing a large temperature rise in the crushed material. The powder was pulverized while maintaining the temperature at minus temperature.

As time progressed, the temperature of the ground material increased as shown in Table 1, but stabilized at 62° C. after 2 hours. 2. When polypropylene and coffee powder are pulverized using the device of the present invention, the upper limit of temperature rise is 35~
40℃, and assuming that the conventional 70℃ is the allowable upper limit, this device can further increase the rotation speed and increase the capacity, which is approximately 40 to 50 times the capacity of the conventional manufacturing method using a stone mill. It is confirmed that this increases the

(1) Polypropylene Synthetic resins have a low softening point (100~ 120°C) can be pulverized.

(2) Coffee powder Coffee is extremely high in fat, and it was thought that it could not be ground to a particle size below a certain level due to conventional methods causing a burning phenomenon in an extremely short period of time. Grinding became possible.

The description based on the drawings described above merely relates to some embodiments of the present invention, and is not limited to these embodiments, and depending on the material to be ground, a non-porous grinding wheel may be All variations and modifications may be made to the material to be ground, such as using a porous grinding wheel for high temperatures or configuring the material to be ground so that it does not come into direct contact with cooling gas, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is clear that this is planned.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a main part of a grinding device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of another type, and FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a main part of still another embodiment. 1... Grinding chamber, 2... Annular introduction groove, 3
.....Scraper, 4..Whetstone fixing plate, 5.
...Rotating shaft, 6...Mounting tool, 7...
... Scraping tool, 8... Bearing, 9... Coupling, 10... Interlocking shaft, 11...
Ring-shaped jacket, 12...hopper one, 14...
...Ejection hole, 17,17''...Cylindrical jacket, 19...Spiral for material supply, 21.
... Rotating vertical axis, 23 ... Constant supply spiral,
Ml, m2...Motor, A, a''...
Fixed whetstone, B, b'...Rotating whetstone.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A grinding device having a grinding chamber including an upper fixed grindstone having an annular groove on its upper surface and a lower rotary grindstone rotating in opposition to the grinding chamber; An annular jacket for steam, hot water, cold water, cooling gas, etc. is provided on the outer periphery of the grinding chamber, and a cylindrical jacket for steam, hot water, cold water, cooling gas, etc. is provided on the lower outer periphery of the hopper provided above the grinding chamber. A grinding device characterized in that a fixed-rate drop spiral attached to a rotating vertical shaft is disposed inside a cylindrical jacket. 2. The grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that a large number of small holes for blowing out steam, hot water, cold water, cooling gas, etc. are bored inside the cylindrical jacket. 3. The grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylindrical jacket lacks small holes for blowing out steam, hot water, cold water, cooling gas, etc. inside the cylindrical jacket.