JPS5933009B2 - filter medium - Google Patents
filter mediumInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5933009B2 JPS5933009B2 JP52038010A JP3801077A JPS5933009B2 JP S5933009 B2 JPS5933009 B2 JP S5933009B2 JP 52038010 A JP52038010 A JP 52038010A JP 3801077 A JP3801077 A JP 3801077A JP S5933009 B2 JPS5933009 B2 JP S5933009B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- filter medium
- microns
- screen
- pore size
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/10—Filter screens essentially made of metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/20—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of inorganic material, e.g. asbestos paper, metallic filtering material of non-woven wires
- B01D39/2027—Metallic material
- B01D39/2041—Metallic material the material being filamentary or fibrous
- B01D39/2044—Metallic material the material being filamentary or fibrous sintered or bonded by inorganic agents
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D1/00—Treatment of filament-forming or like material
- D01D1/10—Filtering or de-aerating the spinning solution or melt
- D01D1/106—Filtering
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
合成繊維を作るには、ポリマーを溶融し、これを小口を
持った紡糸口金を通して引き出す。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Synthetic fibers are made by melting a polymer and drawing it through a spinneret with a tip.
ポリマーは、通常、ゲル（異常に分子量の高い重合材）
と固形の汚染粒子とを含んでいる。Polymers are usually gels (polymerized materials with unusually high molecular weights)
and solid contaminant particles.
ゲルや粒子は一紡糸の前に除かなければならない。Gels and particles must be removed before spinning.
ゲル、粒子のいずれかが残っていても、紡糸口金の孔が
詰まったり、繊維に弱いところができたりする可能性が
ある。Even if either gel or particles remain, they can clog the spinneret pores or create weak spots in the fibers.
汚染物（ゲルを含む）は、焼結金属繊維から成る１材に
ポリマーを通して除（。Contaminants (including gels) are removed by passing the polymer through a piece of sintered metal fiber.
好ましくは、寸法の異なったい（つかの繊維層を用いる
。Preferably, fibrous layers of different dimensions are used.
多孔度を異ならせるのである。This makes the porosity different.
これらの層を重ね合せてポリマーの流路に沿って孔寸法
を減じて行（構造とする。These layers are stacked to reduce the pore size along the polymer flow path.
この従来の１材には、ゲルとか固体粒子で詰まり易いと
いう欠点がある。This conventional single material has the disadvantage of being easily clogged with gels and solid particles.
ゲルは上流の大きは孔を通り抜ける傾向があり、より小
さな孔のところで小さな粒に分離し、結局のところ１材
の下流小孔を詰まらせることになる。Gels tend to pass through large upstream pores and separate into smaller particles at smaller pores, eventually clogging the downstream pores of the material.
通常１材の有効寿命は、沢材毎立インチ当り３００〜４
０００ポンド（１３５〜１８００に９）のポリマーが流
れたときまでである。Normally, the useful life of one piece of wood is 300 to 4000 ml per cubic inch of lumber.
000 pounds (135 to 9 in 1800) of polymer flowed.
もちろん、これは１過すべきポリマーの種類や濾過条件
に左右される。Of course, this depends on the type of polymer to be filtered and the filtration conditions.
１材の汚染物保持能力が大きければ有効寿命は延びるこ
とになる。The greater the contaminant retention capacity of a single material, the longer its useful life will be.
本発明の目的は、ポリマー類を１過するのに用いる従来
の１材よりも汚染物保持能力が大きい１材を提供するこ
とにある。It is an object of the present invention to provide a material that has a greater contaminant retention capacity than conventional materials used to filter polymers.
本発明による１材は、同じ１過条件であれば、従来の１
材の約２倍の寿命である。1 material according to the present invention is different from conventional 1 material under the same 1 passing conditions.
The lifespan is approximately twice that of wood.
本発明の１材は、焼結金属繊維の層と、これらの層のう
ち少な（とも２つの隣合った層を分隣している部材とを
包含する。One material of the present invention includes layers of sintered metal fibers and members of these layers that are adjacent to each other (two adjacent layers).
この部材は、そのすぐ隣の上流側の層の孔の平均寸法よ
りも太き（かつ下流側のいずれの層の平均孔寸法よりも
大きい孔を有する。This member has pores that are larger than the average pore size of the immediately adjacent upstream layer (and larger than the average pore size of any downstream layer).
この部材は上流側の層に存在する汚染物を少なくとも成
る程度集めて保持し、付加的な汚染物保持能力を与える
。This member collects and retains at least some of the contaminants present in the upstream layer and provides additional contaminant retention capacity.
好ましい形態の部材は織ったスクリーンである。A preferred form of member is a woven screen.
２０〜５０ミクロンの直径を持ったワイアを用いて１０
０〜４００メツシユとしたスクリーンが好ましい。10 using a wire with a diameter of 20-50 microns.
A screen with a mesh size of 0 to 400 is preferred.
１０〜１５０ミクロンの平均孔寸法を持った上流層と５
〜４０ミクロンの平均孔寸法を持った下流層との間に中
間１材としてスクリーンを設置するのが最も良い。an upper layer with an average pore size of 10-150 microns;
It is best to install the screen as an intermediate material between the downstream layer with an average pore size of ~40 microns.
スクリーンの孔寸法は、代表的には、４０〜１５０ミク
ロンである。The pore size of the screen is typically 40-150 microns.
個々の金属繊維層は米国再特許第２８４７８号に記載し
であるニアレイド・ウェブ（ａｉｒ ｌａｉｄｗｅｂ）
で作る。The individual metal fiber layers are formed from an air laid web as described in U.S. Re. Pat. No. 28,478.
Make it with
寸法、密度の異なった金属繊維のウェブを積み重ねる。Stacking webs of metal fibers of different sizes and densities.
成る用途では、すべての層をスクリーンで隔離した方が
良いかも知れない。In some applications, it may be better to isolate all layers with screens.
スクリーンおよび金属繊維層を組合わせてからそれを圧
縮し、焼結して繊維を互に結合すると共にスクリーンと
も結合させる。After the screen and metal fiber layer are combined, they are compressed and sintered to bond the fibers to each other and to the screen.
普通、これらの層は３５〜６０容量パーセントの繊維を
含む。Typically, these layers contain 35 to 60 volume percent fiber.
代表的には、繊維の直径は５０ミクロンよりも少さく、
好ましくは４〜２５ミクロンである。Typically, the fiber diameter is less than 50 microns;
Preferably it is 4 to 25 microns.
以下、添付図面を参照しながら本発明の実施例について
説明する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
図において、本発明による１材１０は３つの層１２．１
４．１６を包含する。In the figure, one material 10 according to the invention has three layers 12.1
4.16.
層１２は１５容量パーセントの２５ミクロン金属繊維を
含み、平均孔寸法は８０ミクロンである。Layer 12 contains 15 volume percent 25 micron metal fibers and has an average pore size of 80 microns.
層１４は６０容量パーセントの１２ミクロン繊維を含み
、その平均孔寸法は３０ミクロンである。Layer 14 contains 60 volume percent 12 micron fibers and has an average pore size of 30 microns.
層１６は１５容量パーセントの８ミクロン繊維を含み、
その平均孔寸法は１０ミクロンである。Layer 16 includes 15 volume percent 8 micron fibers;
Its average pore size is 10 microns.
繊維はすべてステンレス鋼である。All fibers are stainless steel.
０．００１４インチ（０，０３５５ミリ）径のステンレ
ス鋼ワイア２４を繊ったスクリーン（すなわち金網）２
０が、１材１０を、層１２．１４および保護用外側スク
リーン２２を包含する上流部１０ａと、層１６を包含す
る下流部１０ｂとに分割している。Screen (i.e. wire mesh) 2 made of 0.0014 inch (0.0355 mm) diameter stainless steel wire 24
0 divides the material 10 into an upstream section 10a containing layers 12.14 and a protective outer screen 22, and a downstream section 10b containing layer 16.
スクリーン２０は均一に４０ミクロンの寸法の孔を有す
る。Screen 20 has holes uniformly 40 microns in size.
層１２，１４，１６およびスクリーン２０，２２は、圧
縮して１．５時間１９５０下（１０６５，５℃）で焼結
し、スクリーンおよび層を相互に結合して、ポリマーの
１過中に通常受ける高圧でも破裂しない一体の強い組立
体とする。Layers 12, 14, 16 and screens 20, 22 are compressed and sintered at 1950° C. (1065,5° C.) for 1.5 hours, bonding the screens and layers together and typically during one pass of the polymer. It is a one-piece strong assembly that will not burst even under high pressure.
本発明の１材１０がなぜ従来の１材よりも有効寿命が長
いのか本発明者らも完全に理解しているわけではないが
、内側のスクリーン２０が保持室と１〜て作用するため
と考えられる。The inventors do not fully understand why the single material 10 of the present invention has a longer useful life than the conventional single material, but it is because the inner screen 20 interacts with the holding chamber. Conceivable.
１材をポリマーが流れるとき、そのゲルは層１２，１４
０孔を押し通る際に圧縮されることになる。When a polymer flows through one material, the gel flows through layers 12 and 14.
It will be compressed when it passes through the zero hole.
ゲルがスクリーン２０に到達すると、このスクリーンの
孔を塞ぐかあるいはワイア２４に付着すると考えられる
。Once the gel reaches the screen 20, it is believed that it will either plug the pores of the screen or adhere to the wires 24.
明らかに、これらゲルの少なくとも成るものはスクリー
ン２０に捕えられて、小さな粒となって下流層１６の孔
を詰まらすことがない。Obviously, at least some of these gels will be trapped by the screen 20 and will not become small particles and clog the pores of the downstream layer 16.
非常に大きな粒子およびゲルは層１２およびスクリーン
２２によって捕えられる。Very large particles and gels are trapped by layer 12 and screen 22.
成る程度小さい粒子およびゲルは層１４を通過すること
になるが、スクリーン２０で捕えられる。Smaller particles and gel will pass through layer 14 but will be captured by screen 20.
ここまでくると、粒子の前進力も明らかに小さくなるの
で、スクリーン２０に付着し易くなる。At this point, the forward force of the particles becomes clearly small, making it easier for them to adhere to the screen 20.
しかし、もつとも小さい粒子は通過して層１６に捕えら
れる。However, the smallest particles will pass through and become trapped in layer 16.
図は本発明の１材を示す拡大断面図である。
１０・・・・・ヂ材、１２，１４，１６・・・・・・層
、２０゜２２・・・・・・スクリーン。The figure is an enlarged sectional view showing one material of the present invention. 10... Material, 12, 14, 16... Layer, 20° 22... Screen.
Claims (1)
、焼結金属繊維の層と、少なくとも２つの隣合った層を
分離している部材とを包含し、この部材がそのすぐ隣り
の上流側の層の平均孔寸法よりも大きくかつ下流のいず
れの層の平均孔寸法よりも大きい孔を有す濾材。 ２ いずれの層の平均孔寸法も５乃至１５０ミクロンで
ある特許請求の範囲第１項の濾材。 ３ 部材が織ったスクリーンである特許請求の範囲第１
項の濾材。 ４ 層が３５乃至６０容量パーセントの繊維を含んでい
る特許請求の範囲第１項の濾材。 ５ 層が互いにかつ部材に焼結しである特許請求の範囲
第１項の濾材。 ６ 溶融ポリマーから汚染物を除くための濾材であって
、５０ミクロン以下の直径を有する焼結金属繊維の層と
、これらの層のうち少な（とも２つの隣合った層を分離
しているスクリーンとを包含し、前記層およびスクリー
ンが相互に結合してあり、前記層が３５乃至６０容量パ
ーセントの繊維を有しかつ濾材を通してのポリマーの流
路に沿って寸法を減じる孔を有し、前記スクリーンがそ
のすぐ隣りの上流側の層の平均孔寸法よりも太き（かつ
下流のいずれの層の平均孔寸法よりも大きい孔を有し、
前記スクリーンが上流層を通過した汚染物の少なくとも
成る程度のものを集めて保持するようになっている濾材
。 ７ スクリーンが１００〜４００メツシユであり、２０
〜５０ミクロンの直径のワイアを織ったものである特許
請求の範囲第６項の濾材。 ８ 溶融流動性ポリマーの流れから粒子状汚染物および
ゲルを除くための一体濾材であって、少な（とも３つの
層から成り、各層が隣りの層に焼結してあり、 （ａ） 第１の層が焼結した金属繊維ウェブを包含し
、金属繊維が互いに焼結してあり、各繊維の直径が約４
ミクロン乃至約２５ミクロンの範囲にあり、この層の密
度が約３５％乃至６０％の範囲にあり、この層の孔寸法
が約１０ミクロン乃至約１５０ミクロンの範囲にあり、 （ｂ） 第２の層が約４０ミクロン乃至約１５０ミク
ロンの範囲の孔寸法を有しかつ第１層に隣合った金属ワ
イア・スクリーンを包含し、 （ｃ）第３の層が焼結した金属繊維のウェブを包含し、
これらの金属繊維が互いに焼結してあり、各繊維の直径
が約４ミクロン乃至約２５ミクロンの範囲にあり、この
層の密度が約３５％乃至約６０％の範囲にあり、この層
の平均孔寸法が約５ミクロン乃至約４０ミクロンの範囲
にあり、この第３層が第２層に隣合って位置しており、
（ｄ） 流体がまず第１層を通過し、最後に第３層を
通過し、 （ｅ） 第１層および第３層の孔寸法よりも大きくな
るように予め選定した第２層の孔寸法が高率で汚染物お
よびゲルを捕え、それによって濾材の汚染物、ゲル保持
能力をかなり高め、濾材の厚さが表面積に比べてほんの
少しであることを特徴とする濾材。[Scope of Claims] 1. A filter medium for removing contaminants from molten polymer, comprising a layer of sintered metal fibers and a member separating at least two adjacent layers, the member a filter medium having pores that are larger than the average pore size of its immediately adjacent upstream layer and larger than the average pore size of any downstream layer.2 The average pore size of any layer is between 5 and 150 microns. Filter medium according to claim 1. 3. Claim 1 in which the member is a woven screen.
filter medium. 4. The filter medium of claim 1, wherein the layer contains 35 to 60 volume percent fiber. 5. The filter medium of claim 1, wherein the layers are sintered to each other and to the member. 6 A filter medium for removing contaminants from molten polymer, comprising a layer of sintered metal fibers having a diameter of 50 microns or less and a screen separating two adjacent layers. and wherein the layer and screen are interconnected, the layer having 35 to 60 volume percent fibers and having pores that reduce in size along the flow path of the polymer through the filter medium; the screen has pores that are thicker than the average pore size of its immediately adjacent upstream layer (and larger than the average pore size of any downstream layer;
A filter medium in which the screen is adapted to collect and retain at least some of the contaminants that have passed through the upstream layer. 7 The screen is 100 to 400 meshes and 20
7. The filter medium of claim 6, which is a woven wire having a diameter of ~50 microns. 8 An integral filter medium for removing particulate contaminants and gels from a stream of melt-flowable polymers, comprising a small number of layers (all three layers, each layer sintered to the adjacent layer, (a) a first layer includes a sintered metal fiber web, the metal fibers being sintered together, each fiber having a diameter of about 4 mm.
(b) a second the layer has a pore size ranging from about 40 microns to about 150 microns and includes a metal wire screen adjacent to the first layer; (c) the third layer includes a web of sintered metal fibers; death,
These metal fibers are sintered together, each fiber having a diameter ranging from about 4 microns to about 25 microns, and the density of this layer ranging from about 35% to about 60%, with an average density of this layer. the third layer has a pore size in the range of about 5 microns to about 40 microns and is located adjacent to the second layer;
(d) the fluid first passes through the first layer and finally the third layer; (e) the pore size of the second layer is preselected to be larger than the pore sizes of the first and third layers; captures contaminants and gels at a high rate, thereby considerably increasing the contaminant and gel retention capacity of the filter medium, and characterized in that the thickness of the filter medium is only a small fraction of the surface area.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US67948676A | 1976-04-23 | 1976-04-23 | |
| US000000679486 | 1976-04-23 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS52131262A JPS52131262A (en) | 1977-11-04 |
| JPS5933009B2 true JPS5933009B2 (en) | 1984-08-13 |
Family
ID=24727093
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP52038010A Expired JPS5933009B2 (en) | 1976-04-23 | 1977-04-01 | filter medium |
| JP59065646A Granted JPS59192707A (en) | 1976-04-23 | 1984-04-02 | Removal of contamination from molten polymer |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59065646A Granted JPS59192707A (en) | 1976-04-23 | 1984-04-02 | Removal of contamination from molten polymer |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4126560A (en) |
| JP (2) | JPS5933009B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE852823A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1094957A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2715289C2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK173477A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2348986A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1575049A (en) |
| IE (1) | IE45118B1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1116428B (en) |
| LU (1) | LU77191A1 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7704340A (en) |
Families Citing this family (55)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2757345C2 (en) * | 1977-12-22 | 1986-01-23 | Wacker-Chemie GmbH, 8000 München | Process for foam destruction when removing residual monomer from reaction mixtures |
| US4284507A (en) * | 1978-05-10 | 1981-08-18 | Beane Frank Thomas | Knit pile filter |
| DE2926533C2 (en) * | 1979-06-30 | 1982-11-25 | Haver & Boecker, 4740 Oelde | Method for producing a porous filter layer |
| US4470242A (en) * | 1981-04-09 | 1984-09-11 | The University Of Kentucky Research Foundation | Two row crop harvester |
| US4395333A (en) * | 1982-04-14 | 1983-07-26 | Groteke Daniel E | Pre-wet and reinforced molten metal filter |
| US4494921A (en) * | 1983-08-08 | 1985-01-22 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Filter element |
| CA1309954C (en) * | 1987-07-29 | 1992-11-10 | Yasuo Yamada | Deaerator for particulates |
| US4863602A (en) * | 1987-08-31 | 1989-09-05 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Flexible filter element employing filtering sheets formed with bypass openings |
| US5401328A (en) * | 1990-01-03 | 1995-03-28 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Arrangement for cleaning mechanical devices, small parts and/or electronic switching units |
| JPH0737688Y2 (en) * | 1990-10-23 | 1995-08-30 | 帝人株式会社 | Filter element |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2869176A (en) * | 1951-08-13 | 1959-01-20 | Du Pont | Spinneret pack |
| US2883261A (en) * | 1955-02-02 | 1959-04-21 | Du Pont | Process for filtration during melt spinning |
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| US3505038A (en) * | 1964-08-24 | 1970-04-07 | Brunswick Corp | Metal fibril compacts |
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| DE2019732A1 (en) * | 1969-04-21 | 1970-11-26 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Metal powder filter |
-
1977
- 1977-02-28 CA CA272,775A patent/CA1094957A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-03-02 GB GB8863/77A patent/GB1575049A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-03-03 IE IE480/77A patent/IE45118B1/en unknown
- 1977-03-24 BE BE2055763A patent/BE852823A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-04-01 JP JP52038010A patent/JPS5933009B2/en not_active Expired
- 1977-04-05 DE DE2715289A patent/DE2715289C2/en not_active Expired
- 1977-04-20 NL NL7704340A patent/NL7704340A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1977-04-20 DK DK173477A patent/DK173477A/en active IP Right Grant
- 1977-04-21 IT IT49054/77A patent/IT1116428B/en active
- 1977-04-22 LU LU77191A patent/LU77191A1/xx unknown
- 1977-04-22 FR FR7712245A patent/FR2348986A1/en active Granted
- 1977-06-21 US US05/808,544 patent/US4126560A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1984
- 1984-04-02 JP JP59065646A patent/JPS59192707A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS612407B2 (en) | 1986-01-24 |
| US4126560A (en) | 1978-11-21 |
| LU77191A1 (en) | 1977-08-12 |
| DE2715289C2 (en) | 1984-05-24 |
| FR2348986B1 (en) | 1983-02-18 |
| BE852823A (en) | 1977-07-18 |
| IE45118L (en) | 1977-10-23 |
| FR2348986A1 (en) | 1977-11-18 |
| IE45118B1 (en) | 1982-06-30 |
| GB1575049A (en) | 1980-09-17 |
| CA1094957A (en) | 1981-02-03 |
| JPS59192707A (en) | 1984-11-01 |
| IT1116428B (en) | 1986-02-10 |
| DK173477A (en) | 1977-10-24 |
| DE2715289A1 (en) | 1977-11-03 |
| JPS52131262A (en) | 1977-11-04 |
| NL7704340A (en) | 1977-10-25 |
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