JPS5934436B2 - Repulsion type separation device for municipal waste - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a repulsion type separation method for separating municipal waste by utilizing the difference in repulsion of substances.

When producing compost by fermenting municipal waste, it was necessary to separate and remove other foreign substances in order to extract kitchen waste from the raw materials, and to remove foreign substances after composting. For example, the inventors used a selective crushing and sorting device as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 49-36741 and others to crush most of the kitchen waste contained in municipal waste into small pieces. However, most of the glass and ceramics, which are brittle against impact forces, are included in this group of substances, as well as small amounts of foreign substances such as plastics and small pieces of wood.
non-composted materials). When composting such raw materials, it was necessary to remove foreign substances. Various separation methods have been considered to separate kitchen waste from foreign matter, but none of them have been satisfactory.

For example, in the belt repulsion type separation method in which municipal waste is dropped onto a moving belt, kitchen waste has significantly different physical properties than other foreign objects, such as the repulsion force when falling, the friction angle with the belt, and the adhesive force. Therefore, although this method is suitable for sorting this type of material, there is a high probability that kitchen waste will fall onto the belt in the form of lumps with foreign objects attached, or both will fall at the same point on the belt. However, in such a case, there was a drawback that it was difficult to separate the two due to the difference in their physical properties. The present invention eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional method by changing the running speed of each inclined belt in a repulsion type separation method in which multiple stages of inclined belts are provided and separation is repeated by repulsion. The object of the present invention is to provide a repulsion type separation method for municipal waste that can remove foreign substances with high precision from handled objects such as unrefined products.
The present invention provides multiple stages of inclined belts that run upward,
In a method for sorting municipal waste using a repulsive sorting device arranged such that materials falling from the upper end of each inclined belt other than the last stage fall onto the next stage of inclined belt, the running of said inclined belt is This is a repulsion type separation method for municipal waste, which is characterized in that the closer to the final stage the speed is, the faster the speed is to perform the separation.

To explain the present invention with reference to the drawings, in FIG. 1, three inclined belts 1, 2, 3 running upward
are arranged in three stages so that they have the same inclination angle α, and so that substances falling from the upper end of the inclined belt 1 or 2 fall onto the next stage of the inclined belt 2 or 3.
The inclination angle α is selected within the following range. αR〈α〈αG Here αR: Friction angle between foreign matter and belt surface: Friction angle between waste (compost) and belt surface The speed of each inclined belt 1, 2, and 3 is faster as it approaches the final stage.
If the respective speeds are Vl, V2, and V3, then V1<V
2〈V3 relationship exists.

However, when the materials 4 to be treated, such as a material group mainly consisting of garbage separated by the selective crushing and sorting device, or a composted product of this material group, are allowed to fall onto the inclined belt 1 of the first stage, the garbage is collected. (or composted material) G adheres to the belt surface and rises to the second stage inclined belt 2 and third stage inclined belt 3.
At the same time, the foreign matter R falls from the lower end of each belt and is sorted into the hopper 6 into the same group.

At this time, by arranging multiple stages of inclined belts in parallel, the repulsive sorting operation is repeated, reducing the probability of simultaneous falls or falling to the same point, and glass, ceramics, etc.
Foreign matter such as plastic and small pieces of wood can be removed and separated with high precision.

Since the belt speed is increased in each stage, acceleration (impact force) is applied to the nodules that have fallen onto the belt surface, causing the nodules to break up and spread on the belt surface. By sequentially lowering the density of a group of substances, the probability of them falling into the same spot is further reduced, making it possible to remove and separate foreign substances with extremely high precision.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment, in which garbage (or composted material) G is carefully sorted, and a substance group S consisting of glass, ceramics, etc., and a substance group S consisting of plastics, small pieces of wood, etc. By taking advantage of the fact that Group T has different physical properties such as repulsive force when dropped and frictional force with the belt, the inclination angle of each belt is determined to be an angle suitable for each type of sorting. It is something to do.

In FIG. 2, the inclined belts 1 and 2 arranged in two stages are installed at inclination angles B1 and B2, respectively.

This angle has the relationship α8<B1<B2<αo and αe<B2 where αs: friction angle between the material group S and the belt surface: friction angle between the material group T and the belt surface.

When a material group 4 containing a mixture of garbage and foreign matter or a composted material of this material group is allowed to fall onto the first stage inclined belt 1, a material group S falls from the lower end of the belt and is separated into a hopper 7. The remaining material group adheres to the belt surface and rises, and the second
In the corrugated belt 2, the substance group T is similarly sorted into hoppers 8.

During this time, the substance group G is carefully sorted by the effect of repeated repulsion and stored in the hopper 9. Substance group S is, for example, landfill disposal,
T can be incinerated as a combustible substance, and subsequent processing operations can be facilitated by further separating foreign substances for composting. The speed and angle of inclination of each of the above-mentioned inclined conveyors are determined by conditions such as the type of objects to be handled.
For example, one of two cases is applied: when the speed is different but the inclination angle is the same, or when both the speed and inclination angle are different, and the values of the speed and inclination angle are selected appropriately, but the speed It is preferable to select the belt so that the belt with the closest inclination always has a higher speed, and under that condition, arrange the belts so that the inclination angle is the same or the side closer to the final stage has a larger value. It goes without saying that this method can be used not only for compost materials, but also for separating a group of substances that contain a mixture of substances with different physical properties regarding repulsion. In the present invention, a plurality of stages of inclined belts running upward are provided, and the material falling from the upper end of each of the inclined belts other than the last stage falls onto the next stage of the inclined belt, and the belt near the last stage is Since the speed is increased, it is possible to provide a repulsion type separation method for municipal waste that can easily separate substance groups with extremely high accuracy, and has an extremely large effect on resource utilization. It is.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show embodiments of the present invention, and FIGS. 1 and 2 are explanatory diagrams of different embodiments, respectively. 1, 2, 3... Inclined conveyor, 4... Items to be handled, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9... Hotupa.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A repulsion type sorting system in which a plurality of stages of upwardly running inclined belts are provided, and materials falling from the upper end of each of the inclined belts other than the last stage fall onto the next stage of inclined belts. 1. A repulsion type separation method for municipal waste, characterized in that the inclined belt is run at a faster speed closer to the final stage to carry out the separation. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the inclined belt has a larger inclination angle closer to the final stage.