JPS5935736B2 - Control device for tool changing - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a control device used in a machine tool that performs tool exchange, and controls tool exchange by only indexing a turret head such as a gigantic head, and tool exchange between a single-axis head and a tool magazine. The purpose is to simplify the programs that are used.

For example, a gearing head and a single-axis head are arranged on the circumference of an indexable turret head, and a tool magazine storing tools to be attached to the tool spindle of the single-axis head is provided, and between this tool magazine and the tool spindle, In a machine tool equipped with a tool changer for changing tools, by rotating and indexing only the turret head, a predetermined gearing head is indexed to the machining position and performs the tool change function, or the single-axis head is used for machining. When the position is indexed, a tool exchange is performed between the tool spindle and the tool magazine, and a different operation is performed as the tool exchange operation.

For this reason, the control program requires a plurality of control commands for performing individual exchange operations, resulting in a problem that the program becomes complicated.

The present invention was proposed to solve the above problems, and embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, a saddle 11 is mounted on the machine tool head 10.
is mounted on the saddle 11 so as to be slidable in the front-rear direction, and a table 12 is mounted on the saddle 11 so as to be slidable in the left-right direction.

A work table 13 for attaching a beam W is mounted on the table 12 so as to be rotatable and indexable.

Further, a lifting platform 14 is mounted on the bed 10 so as to be slidable in the vertical direction.

A cylindrical center column 15 is installed on this lifting platform 14, and a turret head 1 is placed around the center column 15.
6 is mounted rotatably indexable in a horizontal plane.

On the circumference of the turret head 16, multi-axis tools T2~
Multiple gearing heads TO2 to TO8 carrying T8
are attached at equal angular intervals, and at least a single-axis head bearing a tool spindle TOI that removably receives a single-axis tool T1 is attached.

The tool spindle TOI has a built-in tool tightening mechanism for tightening the single-axis tool T1 to the spindle.

The turret head 16 is rotatably driven by an indexing morph (not shown), whereby the turret bed 16 is indexed and rotated to move the desired gearing heads TO2 to TO8 or the tool spindle TOI of the single-axis head. The processing position PO corresponding to the work table 13 is indexed.

Furthermore, a support plate 17 is fixed on the center column 15, and a support stand 18 is installed on the support plate 17.

A tool magazine 19 is mounted on the support base 18 so as to be indexable and rotatable in a horizontal plane.

The tool magazine 19 is provided with a large number of tool sockets 20 at equal angular intervals on the circumference, and each of these tool sockets 20 holds a single-axis tool T1 for insertion into the tool spindle TOI.
are housed in the radial direction.

The tool magazine 19 is rotationally indexed by an indexing morph (not shown), and the machining position P of the turret head 16 is
The multi-axis tool T1 is sequentially indexed to the corresponding exchange position P1 on the O.

The support plate 17 has a machining position PO of the turret head 16 and a replacement position P1 of the tool magazine 19.
An exchange device 21 is attached between the two.

At the exchange position 21, an exchange arm 24, which has a pair of gripping claws 22 and 23 pivotably attached to both ends thereof so as to be openable and closable, is rotatably and movably supported.

Then, through a series of sequential operations of rotation and forward/backward movement of the exchange arm 24 and opening/closing operations of the gripping claws 22 and 23,
The single-axis tool T1 mounted on the tool spindle TOI of the single-axis head indexed at the processing position PO and the single-axis tool T1 indexed at the exchange position P1 are simultaneously exchanged.

As described above, in a machine tool equipped with a turret head 16 having a gearing head and a single-axis head, and a tool magazine 19, an exchange operation by rotating and indexing only the turret head 16, and a replacement operation by rotating and indexing only the turret head 16 are possible.
Single-axis head tool spindle TOI and tool magazine 1
9, there is an exchange operation in which the single-axis tool T1 is simultaneously exchanged by the exchange device 21, and the present invention simplifies the control program by making it possible to easily use both exchange operations separately without creating a special program. It is something.

In FIG. 2, A and B are pieces of functional information programmed into the control tape of a well-known numerical control device for tool change.
ZnTo 2, which constitutes the block and is exemplified in A
Z in M06CR and ZnT02M16CR specifies the Z axis (for example, the movement of the saddle 11 to move the work table 13 away from the turret head 16), n is numerical data and represents the amount of movement on the Z axis, and TO2
is command data for specifying the gearing head or tool spindle to be indexed to the machining position PO and instructing the indexing rotation of the turret head 16. MO6 specifies the gearing head TO2 among the gearing heads TO2 to TO8, and MO6 is the command data for specifying the gearing head or tool spindle to be indexed to the processing position PO. This is an auxiliary function for specifying the indexing rotation timing of the turret head 16. - [If there is a risk of interference between the tool and the work W, the work table 13 is moved in a predetermined direction (in this case, Z
This means that the turret head 16 is rotated and indexed after being moved by a distance n in the axial direction.

M2C is also an auxiliary function that specifies the indexing rotation timing of the turret head 16, and when there is no risk of interference between the tool and the workpiece W, the processing positioning feed of the worktable 13 (in this case, the processing positioning feed of the worktable 13 in the Z-axis direction) is used. This means that the rotational indexing of the coolet head 16 is performed at the same time as the movement of the distance n.

Therefore, in the exchange operation for specifying the gigang heads TO2 to TO8, only rotational indexing of the turret head 16 is performed, and the exchange device 21 does not operate at all.

On the other hand, ZnTo 1M06CR, Zn101 exemplified in B
The command data TOI of M16CR is the turret head 16.
Specify the tool spindle TOI of the single-axis head of
9, single-axis tool T1 and tool spindle TO at exchange position P1
Simultaneously replace the single-axis tool T1 of I.

Therefore, when the tool spindle TOI is designated, the auxiliary functions MO6 and MMi6 are designed to perform not only rotational indexing of the turret head 16 but also a tool changing operation by the changing device 21.

Next, a control circuit that controls the above-mentioned exchange operation will be explained.

In Figures 3 and 4, relay CRI is the turret head indexing control circuit, and relay CR2 is the gearing head TO
The first detection circuit detects the completion of indexing to the machining position when one of TO8 is specified, and the relay CR3 is the second detection circuit that detects the completion of indexing to the machining position when a single-axis head is specified. The detection circuit, relay CR4, is an exchanger operation instruction circuit for activating the exchange position, relay CR5 is a tool exchange completion instruction circuit, and relay CR6 is a machining cycle start instruction circuit.

First, a case will be described in which the functional information ZnT02MO6CR shown in FIG. 2 is programmed into the control table.

Guyang head T currently indexed to processing position PO
When the planned machining by O2 to TO8 or the single-axis tool T1 is completed, the numerical control device reads the next function information ZnT02M06CR according to the program and stops the spindle.

In FIG. 3, to 1 to to 8-i are normally open contacts that are selectively closed by commands from the numerical control device, and since the gigang head TO2 is specified in the function information ZnT02MO6CR, the contact to 2-1 is closed.

The numerical control device then closes the normally open contact TF when it reads one of the exchange functions TOI-TUB.

The LSI is a normally closed contact that opens when the designated tool to be indexed to the machining position PO matches the tool that is actually indexed to the machining position PO.

Then, the work table 13 is moved a distance n in the Z-axis force direction according to the information Zn, and when this movement is completed, the numerical control device closes the normally open contact DEN.

Therefore, the relay CRI as a turret head indexing control circuit is energized via the normally open contact m061, which is closed when the auxiliary function MO6 is read, and rotational indexing of the coolet head 16 is started.

Relay CRI is self-maintained by closing normally open contact crl-1.

By rotationally indexing the turret head 16, the gearing head TO2 is indexed to the processing position PO.

When the commanded indexing operation is completed, a completion signal is issued, the normally closed contact CF is opened, and the relay CRI is deenergized.

At the same time, the first
Since normally open contacts CF and normally open contacts TF connected in series to IJ-CR2 as a detection circuit are closed, relay CR2
is also energized.

As the auxiliary function MO6 is read, the normally open contact mo63 in FIG. 4 closes, so the gigantic head T1
Relay CR5 as a tool change completion instruction circuit is energized through normally open contact to22 which is closed by the designation of 2, normally closed contact cr32 which is closed, and normally open contact cr21 which is closed by the energization of relay CR2.

Here, the normally open contact TF and normally closed contact TF connected to the relay CR6 shown in FIG.
It opens and closes when one of O1 to TO8 is read, and the normally open contact TF closes after the normally closed contact TF opens.

As a result, normally closed contact TF and contact cr2-2 connected in parallel
After the exchange functions TOI to TO8 are read, circuit switching is performed to enable them.Also, the normally open contact MF and normally closed contact MF connected to relay CR6 are changed by the numerical controller to the auxiliary functions M06 and M16. The normally closed contact MF is opened when any of the above is read.
opens, and then the normally open contact MF closes.

This causes a circuit changeover to enable the contact cr 5 connected in parallel with the normally closed switching point MF after the auxiliary functions MO6, M16 have been read.

Therefore, by energizing the relay CR5, the normally open contact CR5
When the circuit is closed, the normally open contact TF is closed.

Relay CR6 is energized through cr22.

By energizing this relay CR6, a machining cycle start signal is issued to the numerical control device, and machining by the indexed gigang head TO2 is started.

When the functional information ZnTOIM16CR is read, the work table 13 is moved by n in the Z-axis direction according to the information Z, n, and the tool spindle TOI is specified, so the normally open contact to 1 in FIG. close.

Also, if the auxiliary function M16 is read, the normally open contact m
16-1 is closed and the relay CRI is immediately energized through the closed contacts TF, LS1.

As a result, rotational indexing of the turret bed 16 is started simultaneously with the movement of the work table 13.

When the tool spindle TOI of the single-axis head is indexed to the machining position PO, the limit switch group LSIP-LS detects the rotational index position of the turret head 16 using a binary code.
8P normally open contact LSIP is closed, normally closed contact L is closed
Relay CR3 as a second detection circuit that instructs the completion of indexing of the single-axis head through S2P, LS4P, and L88P.
is energized.

The mechanism for detecting the rotational index position of the turret head 16 is well known, so the details are omitted, but the mechanism for detecting the rotational index position of the turret head 16 is omitted,
When the OI is indexed to the machining position PO, the limit switch LsIP is activated, when the gearing head TO2 is indexed, the limit switch L82P is activated, and when the gearing head TO3 is activated, the limit switch 5 is activated.
LIP'j6 and L82P are activated, and so on.

Incidentally, along with the energization of the relay CR3, the normally open contact CF is closed by the index signal, and the relay CR2 is also energized, and the relay CR5 is energized.
Normally closed contact cr2-1 inserted into the terminal is closed, but relay CR5 is not energized yet because normally closed contact cr3-2 is closed.

Then, the normally open contact cr3-1 is closed by the energization of the relay CR3, and the normally open contact m16-2, the replacement device, and the device 21 are closed.
A relay CR4 as a switching device operation instruction circuit is energized through a normally open contact AP which is closed when the switching device is ready for switching operation.

This relay CR4 is self-maintained by closing the normally open contact cr4.

When the relay CR4 is energized, the exchange device 21 starts operating, and the single-axis tool T1 of the tool spindle TOI and the single-axis tool T1 located at the exchange position P1 of the tool magazine 19 are exchanged simultaneously, and then the tool magazine 19 rotates one pitch, and the new single-axis tool T1 moves to the exchange position P for the next tool exchange.
It is indexed to 1.

When this replacement work is completed, a tool replacement completion signal is output, the normally open contact AP is closed, and relay CR5 as a tool replacement completion instruction circuit is energized.

Normally open contact due to relay CR5 energization.

r5 closes, normally open contact TF already closed. MP,
Relay CR6 is energized through cr 2-2, and machining is started using the new single-axis tool T1 inserted into tool spindle TOI.

The function information ZnTOIM16CR is the tool spindle T
When OI is already at processing position PO, TOI may be omitted and ZnM16CR may be used, and in this case, rotation indexing of coolet head 16 is not performed.

Therefore, the relay CRI in FIG. CR2 is not energized, and relay CR3 is energized through the normally open contact LSIP in FIG.

Thereafter, relay CR4 is energized in the same way as above, and switching device 2
1 operates, tool spindle TOI and tool magazine 19
The single-axis tool T1 is exchanged between the two.

Upon completion of this replacement operation, relay CR5 is energized, which causes normally open contact MF, which is closed by the command of M2S.
, relay CR5 is energized through the normally open contact CR5, which is energized by the normally closed contact TF, which is closed, and the relay CR5, and the machining cycle is started.

As described above, in the present invention, the exchange operation of a gearing head is completed by only indexing rotation of the turret head, whereas the exchange operation of a single-axis head is completed by indexing rotation of the turret head and the tool spindle by the exchange device. Even if single-axis tools are transferred between tool magazines and different tool exchange operations are performed, the control program can control two types of exchange operations without changing the control commands. .

Therefore, when creating a program, the programmer can program without being aware of the differences in tool exchange operations, making it easier to create the program, and also having the effect of preventing programming errors.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of the machine tool, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of functional information, and FIGS. 3 and 4 are electrical circuit diagrams for controlling the exchange operation. T1...Single-axis tool, T2-T8...Multi-axis tool, TOI...--Tool spindle, TO2...
TO8...Gi Young Head, 16...
Turret head, 19... Tool magazine, 2
1... Exchange device, Mo2゜M2S...
Auxiliary function command, CRI...Turret head index control circuit, CR2...First detection circuit, CR3
...Second detection circuit, CR4... Exchange device operation command circuit, CR5... Tool exchange completion command circuit.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of gearing heads carrying multi-axis tools and at least one single-axis head equipped with a rotatable tool spindle for removably receiving a single-axis tool are installed at equal angular intervals on the circumference of the gearing head and the single-axis head. a turret head that can be indexed and rotated to a machining position; a tool magazine that is prepared to be attached to the single-axis head and is arranged according to the order of use and stored in a sequentially indexable manner at an exchange position; In a machine tool equipped with an exchange device for exchanging the tool between the single-axis tool taken out and the single-axis head indexed to the machining position, the gearing head or the single-axis head is designated and the turret head is allocated. a turret head indexing control circuit CRI for commanding rotation of the indexing; a first detection circuit CR2 for detecting completion of indexing of a designated cooled head; and a second detection circuit CR2 for detecting completion of indexing of a designated single-axis head. and the second detection circuit C when the indexing command for the turret head to be indexed to the processing position specifies the single-axis head.
an exchange device operation instruction circuit CR4 that operates the exchange device according to the signal cr3-1 of R3; and the first detection circuit CR2 when the indexing command for the turret head to be indexed to the processing position specifies the gigang head. signal c
r2-1, and a tool change completion instruction circuit CR5 which issues a tool change completion signal based on the completion signal AF of the tool change operation for the single-axis head by the change device, and a tool change completion instruction circuit CR5 which instructs the start of a machining cycle by this tool change completion signal. A control device for tool exchange, comprising a machining cycle start instruction circuit CR6.