JPS5937392B2 - Excavation record preparation device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention generally relates to a rotary well drilling apparatus.

More specifically, it is a drilling device that allows you to record drilling records.

There have long been some suggestions for taking and recording data as wells are drilled.

These suggestions were intended to capture such data in a variety of ways.

However, as a practical matter, these efforts have not been successful in terms of providing the ability to obtain useful information.

Therefore, despite these past efforts,
In order to obtain a meaningful record containing useful data related to changes in geological formations, it has traditionally been necessary to lower more than one measuring instrument into the well after the well has been drilled. It was necessary to measure the

It is an object of the present invention to provide a device in which meaningful records can be obtained as a well is drilled.

The present invention relates to a rotary well drilling device for use in a rotary well drilling device, which has an awl attached to the lower end of an IJ song, and includes a device for rotating the string and the awl while controlling the downward force applied to the awl. This invention relates to a recording device.

The present invention includes a device for measuring the depth in the drilled hole of the drill bit;
Rotation of the cone (the number of rotations itself, not a function of time)
and a device for generating a gate signal at each predetermined increment of the cone and measuring the rotation of the cone by the increment.

It further includes a device for measuring the load on the drill during incremental periods of rotation as the borehole is drilled, the device having a device for generating a variable frequency pulse train with a frequency proportional to the load. There is.

The invention also includes an apparatus for correlating said measurements to represent parameters of the geological structure being excavated, the apparatus comprising means for counting the number of pulses of said variable frequency during said incremental periods of rotation. There is.

Also included is a device for recording the correlation of the measurements as the measurements progress, and a device for advancing the recording device according to the depth of the aperture.

The drawings will be explained in more detail below.

FIG. 1 shows a set of drilling equipment, in which there is a platform 11, on which is a derrick 12, a winch 13, a retention device 14, a drilling line 15, a drilling line retention end 16, and a crown. There is a block 18 and a traveling block 19.

The drilling line 15 rests on the pulley of the crown block 8.

The traveling block is of course fitted with a conventional hook 22 for hanging a digging string (not shown) which is fitted under the kelly 23.

The drilling string is rotated in a standard manner by a rotary drive mechanism using a rotary drive shaft 24 driven by an engine 25.

There is also a tachometer 26 that provides an alternating current signal having a significant number of cycles per revolution of the rotary drive shaft 24.

The tachometer signal can be generated in a variety of ways, including by a device of the type described in my U.S. Pat. No. 3,295,367.

This device is an AC signal generator that generates 30 cycles for each rotation of the rotary drive shaft 24, and a typical factory has a gear ratio such that the drive shaft rotates 5 times for every rotation of the rotary table. , so every rotation of the rotary table
A 50 cycle AC signal is generated.

The rotation of the drilling string and the awl attached to its lower end in the manner described above is measured as an incremental value of rotation.

This is because the tachometer generates a predetermined number of cycles for each rotation of the awl.

The increments of rotation of the drilling string result in a square wave gating signal 28 generated within a gating generator 29.

Gate generator 29 can take a variety of shapes, but is preferably as shown in FIG. 2 within the dotted rectangle as a rotating channel.

This includes a 1/2 frequency divider circuit 33 and a monostable multivibrator 34, and provides a gate signal every two cycles of the AC signal.

The output of the multivibrator 34 is applied as a gate signal to the accumulation counter 11 via a connecting conductor 35.

The purpose of this gate signal, as will be explained in more detail below, is to measure the incremental value of the awl load during this incremental period of awl rotation.

In order to measure the load applied to the awl, a detent device 1
4 has a hook load indicator, which will be explained later, which provides input to a transducer 65, shown in FIG. 2 as a kilopound channel.

Transducer 65 outputs an alternating current signal 69 on output lead 68 that is directly proportional to the load measured by the hook load indicator.

From the load measured by this hook load indicator, the weight of the portion of the drilling string being lifted by the derrick is corrected so that only the amount of downward force exerted on the awl remains.

Accumulation counter 11 receives inputs from gate generator 29 and converter 65 and provides an output on conductor 12.

This circuit is indicated by the letter A in FIG. 2, and the details of generating the kilopound signal at A are shown in FIG.

Pipe 75 in FIG. 2 is a penstock with a pressure transducer (not shown) attached to the cut-off end 16 of the cut-line. The tension exerts a lateral force on the pressure transducer and generates a hydraulic signal in penstock 75 corresponding to this force.

The fluid in penstock γ5 provides a hydraulic signal to Bourdon tube 76, which moves potentiometer arm 77 to provide a variable DC voltage to one side input of DC voltage to frequency converter 78.

The input on the other side of the converter 18 is provided with an adjustable DC voltage from the other potentiometer arm 81.

As previously described, converter 78 outputs a variable frequency AC signal 69 which is input via conductor 68 to accumulation counter 71.

When the awl is first raised from the bottom, arm 8
1 is adjusted so that the voltage between arm 77 and arm 81 is zero.

Next, when the awl is in contact with the bottom surface or is digging the bottom surface, the hook load decreases by the load borne by the awl,
This amount of decrease is expressed as the voltage between arms 77 and 81.

This voltage is the input to converter 78, which may be a Model E weighing scale manufactured by Martin Detca Company of Santa Ana, California.

This is described in the company's catalog P-92.

There is a pulse generator 41 for measuring the depth of the drill hole in the borehole, the details of which are shown in FIG.

An elastic outer wheel 42, which is in frictional contact with the underside of one of the clear wheels of the crown block 18, drives the pulse generator 41.

In order to collect only the downward movement of the cone, a pulse generator 41
The signal from the input terminal enters the discrimination circuit 45 and passes through the conductor 46.
The signal is input to the switch 47 through the .

When a signal indicating a downward direction occurs, it passes through conductor 50 into calibration device 51 and then through conductor 52 into total depth counter 55.

The output of the total depth counter is output as a depth signal on conductor 56 and is represented by C.

The calibration device 51 can have various shapes,
In order to correct minute errors in the dimensions of 2, pulses are periodically added and subtracted.

The preferred form is a presettable counter which, when the count is full, adds one pulse to the pulses on conductor 50 and blocks and removes one pulse from the pulses on conductor 50. do.

To make a separate measurement of the rotation of the drilling string, there is a counter 60 (see FIG. 1) which receives the output (indicated by dotted line 61) from the tachometer 26 and which shares its input with the gate generator 28. are doing.

Counter 60 outputs a signal designated B on conductor 64.

This signal is a signal that generates 150 cycles for each rotation of the drilling string.

This is converted into pulse waveform signals A and B. It is used for correlation of three C signals.

FIG. 4 shows, in block diagram form, one way in which the above measurements may be related to each other to produce records at the surface as drilling progresses.

There is a calculator 91 in this, and various types of calculators can be used, such as a simple calculator model 700 manufactured by One Research Institute in Chewksbury, Massachusetts, USA.

However, in such a case an interface device 92 is required to convert the signals provided on conductors 72, 64 and 56 and designated A, B and C, respectively.

Such an interface device 92 is manufactured by the Adam Smith Company, Secondham Height, Mass.
Any device similar to a measuring instrument interface device called Model 100 for supplying measurement data to a Model 100 computer may be used.

The measured data, represented as signals A, B and C, are combined according to the formulas described below, and the output is recorded on a recorder 95, which is fed by a step motor 96.

Since the paper advance of the recorder 85 is controlled by a signal C representing the depth of the drill hole in the borehole, the recording of the recorder 95 is displayed in a time-independent manner as a function of the depth of the drill hole.

A simplified numerical expression for the petrographic parameter according to the present invention created by the combination of the A, B and C signals is given by the following equation (1).

That is, /-, /-t''+, but B in equation (1) is simply the signal B on conductor 64.
It should be noted that this does not represent the rotational speed measurements mentioned above in connection with .

Rather, it includes the meaning of the numerical value of the degree of wear of the drill bit, and this will be discussed later.

In equation (1), 5DL - drilling record value K constant number 11n - 8 representing the natural logarithm - cone load, rotational product B - ratio of the rotational speed of the cone to a predetermined number representing the final degree of wear of the cone C - digging Depth of the awl in the drilling hole K is constant The ratio of the constant increment of A to the constant increment of number △A/△C=C The numerical value of the degree of wear of the awl is determined by the number of counts (N
) to the reference number (expressed as Ns) representing the final count for the degree of wear of any drill bit N/
Expressed in Ns.

However, due to the nature of the function of the degree of wear of the aperture, N/Ns is 0.125
Equation (1) must be rewritten as Equation (2) within the range that does not exceed G).

In other words, calculating SDL using equation (1) or equation (2) is one of the common examples of using a calculator, but in this example, we will briefly explain the lifting weight using the Wang Institute 700 type calculator. Let me explain briefly.

This computer is a relatively small computer that has an increased number of keys compared to a fist-up electronic computer commonly referred to as a tensho, and also has a ROM (IJ-only memory) for fixed storage and data and program storage. It can be thought of as adding 120 registers (the register has a capacity of 128 bits) consisting of a core memory for general use.

The JMA reading and ln required to calculate formulas (1) and (2)
It also has keys such as x.

This calculator allows you to perform all calculations manually using keys.

To manually calculate Equation (I) and Equation (2), if the unit value of ΔC is ΔC7, the manual input data is A, B(-N) at the current time.

In addition to C, the value of A at the time when C is C-△C1 (-
Remember △C,) and first, △A/△C= A-A
Calculate (-△c, ), calculate N/Ns, and calculate N/
If Ns < 0.125, calculate the SDL by equation (2), and if N/Ns > 0.125, calculate the SDL by equation (1), and the depth of the cone in the borehole will be C. The SDL value 5DL(C) of the location can be calculated.

The order in which the keys are operated for calculation is almost the same as when using the duet, so the explanation will be omitted.

However, it is necessary to average the errors caused by the errors in the measured values with respect to the value of 5DL(C) calculated in this way.

Therefore, the averaging operation is performed by comparing with the value of the previous layer.
cormorant.

That is, at the time when S D L (C) is calculated, 5DL (C-△C1) and 5DL (C-2△Ct) have been calculated before, so remember this and calculate △S.
D L(C)-8D L(C)-8D L (0 to C-
1) △S D L (C-△C,)-8DL (C-C,
) -8DL(C-2△C1) is calculated, and if Δ5DL(C) and △5DL(C-△Ct) are both within the tolerance, use the measured value of 5DL(C-△C1) as is. , Δ5DL(C) is within the allowable value and △
If 5DL(C-△C7) is not within the allowable value, set the value to 5D
Use it as L (-△C1), and if △5DL (C) is not within the allowable value and △5DL (C-△C+) is within the allowable value, use the value of as 5DL (C-△C1), etc. All you have to do is perform an averaging operation.

In the calculator of this embodiment, if you hold a specific key and perform the same key operations as when performing manual calculations, the program will be converted into a program and stored in the appropriate location among the 120 registers. In addition, this program can be memorized and saved on the attached cassette tape, so in this embodiment, of course, the program is written in this way and calculations are performed automatically and continuously. It is.

Also, since the numbers O through 9 representing decimal numbers are each represented by 16-bit codes in the input and output of this computer, A and B are given by the measuring device.

A binary coded decimal number such as C is converted into the 16-bit code by the interface device 29.

Further, the output can be printed in numbers using a typewriter, or converted into an analog value using the storage device 95 and recorded.

It should be noted that the present invention can also be applied to the production of drilling records that are expressed in more complex forms than those explained above, i.e. Besides the relative measurement and/or determination of the depth of the drill and the four factors in the borehole, the drilling record can include the influence of one or more additional measurements. .

These additional factors include hydraulic horsepower of the awl, torque, vibration amplitude (longitudinal), vibration frequency (longitudinal), and liquid properties (e.g., mud viscosity, mud elastic limit point, mud density, and temperature of the mud).

Although the above description has been directed to a particular combination of devices, those skilled in the art will appreciate that there are other equivalent devices that can be used to practice the invention.

Also, although only one system has been described to describe the preferred embodiment, the method of the present invention may also be practiced manually across different devices, and therefore the foregoing description is merely illustrative and in accordance with the invention. It is also understandable that there is no restriction on this in any way.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram and block diagram showing the constituent parts of a rotary pressing device for carrying out the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a wiring diagram showing some of the parts in Fig. 1 in more detail. is shown schematically. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing in more detail the portion that generates signal A in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 shows a portion related to correlating the three types of signals generated by the mechanism shown in FIG. 1. It is a block diagram. In the figure, 26 is a tachometer, 29 is a gate generator, 1
1 is an accumulation counter, and 91 is a calculator.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Preparation of a drilling record for use in a rotary hole-drilling device having an awl attached to the lower end of a drilling string and a device that rotates the string and the awl while controlling the downward force applied to the awl. Apparatus for measuring the depth of said awl in a borehole, and apparatus for measuring the number of rotations of said awl in a borehole, which is not a function of time, by its increment. a rotation increment measuring device comprising a device for generating a gate signal at predetermined increments of the number of revolutions; and a device for measuring the load on the drill during the increment of the number of revolutions as a hole is drilled; A device that generates a pulse train with a variable frequency determined by the load, a device that correlates the various measurement results and displays parameters of the stratum structure to be excavated, and a device that records the parameters on a recording medium as the recorder advances. and a device for feeding the recording medium according to the depth of the drill.