JPS5937429B2 - Top-fill electric furnace that can be tilted - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a method for melting metals that can be used to melt metals.
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to top-fill charging air furnaces, and more particularly to a plurality of locking mechanisms and mechanical interconnection linkages between said mechanisms for use in furnaces of the above type to prevent unintentional tilting of the furnace. .

Electric furnaces have long been used to melt metals such as steel and iron.

Such a furnace is effective in producing steel that uses a large amount of scrap iron.

U.S. Pat. No. 2,396,663 discloses a top-filled, tilted, conventional furnace installation.

This type of furnace includes a framework mounted tiltably on a foundation, and a furnace shell mounted within the framework containing a refractory lining material.

The open top of the furnace shell is covered by a roof lined with refractory material, which roof is raised from the shell and
It is removed by swinging along a horizontal arc away from the shell, which is open to fill with material.

An electrode is mounted upright through the roof and inserted into the shell.

The shell is also provided with a spout through which molten steel is withdrawn from the furnace, and a second opening through which slag, etc. is withdrawn.

The metal is poured out by tilting the framework on the base and the capped shell above it until the metal flows out of the holes provided therein.

A potential problem with this type of top-filling tilt furnace is the shift that occurs in the center of gravity when the roof is rocked to the open position.

If the roof were to swing outward from the shell in a direction in which the furnace was tilted, the furnace would become unstable and the center of gravity would move forward enough to cause it to tilt unless restrained by a tilt lock or the like. be moved.

To date, extremely complex electrical and electromechanical control systems have been used to prevent such tilting of electric arc furnaces when the roof is in any position other than mounted on the top of the shell. It has been developed.

However, since this type of electrical relay can be bypassed by an operator or repair person,
There is a risk of creating potential disaster conditions.

Mechanical tilting and swinging ink lock devices are also known, but these have various drawbacks.

That is, although the furnace is configured to tilt forward and backward from a horizontal position, the tilting movement is only prevented in the forward direction.

It should be noted that there is little attempt to partially match the locking engagement means to ensure operational safety even after repeated wear and thermal effects.

Additionally, known ink locking devices do not prevent accidental disengagement of the swing lock after the tilt lock is disengaged and the furnace is tilted.

The present invention provides a tiltable upper part comprising a foundation and a furnace body mounted on a framework, including a swingable roof support mechanism on the framework for opening and closing the furnace body. The above-mentioned problem is solved for a charging type, direct arc electric furnace.

The improvement according to the invention thus includes a mechanically interconnected device for preventing the furnace body from tilting and for preventing the roof from horizontally rocking over the furnace body, and for preventing tilting and rocking. the engagement of the device for preventing tilting and the engagement of the device for preventing rocking are substantially partially coincident, such that simultaneous engagement of the device allowing Consists of.

Another type of electric furnace to which the present invention is directed has a fixed base, a support frame mounted on the base, and a support frame that is closed at the bottom and opened at the top, and is mounted within the frame. a removable roof assembly mounted on a support frame structure and covering the open top of the shell assembly, the roof assembly swinging along a horizontal arc to deposit material into the furnace. for filling the shell with a lid on the open top of the shell, and wherein said framework is capable of being tilted on a foundation to drain molten metal from the shell device; and a first locking mechanism for preventing tilting of the furnace body, and an engagement between the roof device and the frame structure, so that the cover is horizontally mounted from above the furnace body. A second locking mechanism for preventing rocking, a mechanical interconnection device between the two-end locking mechanisms, and a mechanical interconnection device provided on the furnace so that the frame structure is once tilted or the roof is once removed from above the furnace body. When the first and second
and a device for blocking the movement of the locking mechanism.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a tamper-proof method to prevent the furnace from tilting if the furnace mechanism is in a position where any tilting may endanger safety. It is an object of the present invention to provide a tiltable top-filled electric arc furnace with a mechanical locking device.

Another object of the invention is to mechanically lock the furnace to a transition position between the rank against tilt and the lock against rocking, unless the furnace is placed in a substantially horizontal position. To provide an ink-locked tilt lock and a roof swing lock.

Another object of the invention is that when the furnace is tilted, the swing lock pin is mechanically blocked from internal disengagement movement, and when the furnace roof is rocked, the swing lock pin is mechanically blocked from internal disengagement movement; Provides a tilt and swing locking mechanism for a mechanically ink-locked, top-filled, tiltable direct arc electric furnace such that the pin is occluded from internal release by the furnace roof back plate arrangement. It is to be.

It is another object of the present invention to ensure that the locking engagement means are substantially coincident to prevent simultaneous disengagement of both mechanisms even after exposure to repeated grinding and extreme heat conditions. In a tiltable top-filled direct arc electric furnace,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a mechanically interconnected furnace tilt lock and furnace roof swing lock mechanism.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a top-filling direct-arc steel manufacturing system, wherein the furnace tilt locking mechanism and the furnace roof swing locking mechanism are such that side-step formation is not avoided during operation of the furnace. The purpose of this project is to provide electric furnaces for

Next, the operation and effects of the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings showing embodiments of the present invention.

1-3, a tiltable top-filled direct arc electric furnace is shown.

In FIG. 1, a direct arc electric furnace apparatus is generally designated 20. In FIG.

The furnace assembly 20 includes a base 21, preferably made of reinforced poured concrete, and a tiltable framework, generally designated 22, including a generally rectangular base or frame platform 23. .

The furnace assembly 20 includes the rectangular platform 23
A furnace body, generally designated 26, comprising a bowl-shaped, refractory material lined shell mounted thereon, and pivoted in a known manner at 25 to said platform 23. Ta,
It includes a removable, refractory material-lined top root 31 suspended by a plurality of cables or chains 3232 from a cantilever roof support mechanism, designated generally at 24.

The cantilever support mechanism includes a vertical backplate arrangement 27 and a generally horizontal roof support member 28 extending over the cantilever from the top thereof.

Three electrodes 33-33 are movably mounted vertically on the support mechanism 24, and these electrodes penetrate the roof 31 at the holes 31a and are in arcuate contact with the scrap metal.
It protrudes downward.

Each electrode 33 is held at the end of a cantilevered electrode mounting member or arm 34.

Each of the above-mentioned mounting arms is mounted at its base 34a by a roller (not shown) mounted therein.
It is supported by vertical extensions or columns 35 which are guided for vertical movement within the rear plate arrangement 27.

Individual vertical movement of each column 35 is provided by a hydraulic cylinder 39 mounted therein.

The hydraulic cylinder 39 drives the arm 34 and the electrode 33 up and down to adjust the arc light, that is, the current in the furnace.

The roof 31 is raised by operating the chains 32-32,
The entire cantilever support mechanism 24 can be swung along an arc about its pivot point 25, as shown in outline in FIG.

This arcing movement allows the lid to be removed from the hole in the top of the shell 30 and the furnace to be filled.

Once the furnace has been filled, the cantilever support mechanism 24 is returned to its loaded position and the roof 31 is controlled to close the shell 30, as shown in solid lines in FIG.

After the charge has been reduced to molten metal, the entire body is removed, as indicated by dashed lines in FIG. The target frame 22, shell 30 and roof 31 can be tilted.

The furnace frame 22, shell 30 and roof 31 are also slightly inclined in the opposite direction.

A slag door 37 (FIG. 3) on the opposite side of the shell 30 from the inlet 36 is opened to facilitate removal of the slag from the furnace when the furnace is tilted in the opposite direction.

The mechanism supporting the frame structure 22 and the furnace body 26 mounted thereon are connected to a pair of parallel rails 3 mounted on the foundation 21.
8-38 (FIGS. 1, 2, and 9) and a parallel wheel section 40- mounted on the underside of the framework platform 23 so as to roll along said tracks 38-38 during tilting. 40
Contains.

Rack 38a- mounted on the side of the rail 38-38
38a engages with a corresponding pinion section 40a-40a mounted laterally of said wheel section 40-40, respectively;
This prevents the wheels from slipping as they roll along the rails.

The power device for tilting the framework 22 comprises two dog hydraulic cylinders 41 pivoted at one end to the rear of the bottom of the platform 23 and at the other end (not shown) to the base 21. I'm here.

Cylinder 41 is connected to wheel section 40 along ranks 38-38.
The rear of the furnace moving -40 is raised, the furnace is tilted forward, and the front side of the furnace and the inlet 36 extending therefrom are withdrawn.

The furnace framework 22 and furnace body 26 return to an upright position due to gravity.

As shown most clearly in FIG. 2, a framework 22;
If the furnace body 26 is tilted, the entire mechanism moves forward with its center of gravity.

Typically, during tilting the center of gravity remains behind the support point of the furnace.

In other words, the furnace body is placed in a position where gravity attempts to return the furnace body to an upright position.

However, if the roof 31 is raised and swung to the position outlined in FIG. 3, the center of gravity will be moved forward of the support point of the furnace body.

The weight of the roof 31 and the mechanism 24 supported cantilevered thereon is considerable, so that when the roof is raised, if it had not been locked against tilting, it would not have been possible to tilt. This forward movement of the center of gravity of the mechanism creates instability and a tendency to overturn the furnace body.

Therefore, unless the roof 31 and its cantilever-supported mechanism 24 are placed in a position that does not cause upward swing of the top of the bowl-shaped shell 30, the frame platform 23 and the furnace body 26 A locking mechanism is required to prevent tilting.

The tamper-evident tilt and swing locking mechanism of the present invention is shown generally at 42 in FIG. 1 and in enlarged detail in FIGS. 4-9, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 4, the tilting and swinging locking mechanism 42 is
A pivoted bellcrank or elbow member 43 and a power drive 44, in this embodiment a hydraulic cylinder drivingly connected to and rotates the bellcrank, each pair 2. Double connection link 45-45.46-4
6, and the double-connected pink 45-45.4
6-46, which are each connected at one end to a bell crank 43 and at the other end to one of the rocking and tilting locking pins 47, 48, respectively, as further shown in FIG. has been done.

A centrally located bell crank 43 is pivotally mounted to a first pivot bracket 52 mounted on the framework.

The swing lock pin 47 attached to the double links 45-45 is restrained from horizontal movement by being slidably held in the hole 57 via the guide bracket 58. .

The bracket 58 is U-shaped and is attached to the framework platform 23.
It is mounted on the top surface 55 of.

The hole 59 of the lock pin receiver extending vertically through the horizontal member 60 of the back plate assembly 24 is positioned at the top of the guide bracket 58 in the following relationship.

That is, when the roof 31 is positioned directly on the shell 30, the guide hole 57 and the hole 59 are aligned.

The lock pin 47 is inserted into the hole 5 so that the holes are aligned to lock the roof support mechanism in that position.
9 and can be guided upwardly through it.

The horizontal member 60 is also
Lock pin 47 is prevented from moving upward.

At the opposite end of the tilt and swing lock mechanism 42, a tilt lock pin 48, which is attached to the bell crank 43 via double coupling links 46-46, extends through a guide bar hanger 63. It is guided through a horizontally oriented hole 62.

A guide block 63 is mounted on the underside of the framework platform 23 adjacent one end 64 thereof.

Positioned adjacent one end 64 of the platform 13 is a vertical wall 65 that bounds the base 21 .

A block 67 is mounted on the foundation in the usual manner with its outer surface flush with the wall 65.

The block 67 is horizontally oriented and the inclined locking pin receiver includes a hole or pocket 66 which is similar to the hole in the guide block 63 when the framework platform 23 is horizontal, i.e. not inclined. 62 and is positioned within the block 67 so that the tilt lock pin 48 engages the hole 66 and prevents tilting of the furnace.

The rear of the hole 66 is open so that any waste material present therein will be forced out by the angled pin 48 when it engages the hole.

From the fully engaged position of the tilt lock shown in FIG. 6, through the intermediate engaged position of the double-ended lock shown in FIG. 8, the swing lock of FIG. 4 is fully engaged. As can be clearly understood by looking at the sequential movement up to the position where mechanism 4
2 is arranged to prevent the possibility that both pins are disengaged at the same time.

That is, in the intermediate position of FIG. 8, roof 31 is locked onto shell 30 by pin 47 and platform 23 is engaged in a horizontal position by pin 48 engaging hole 66. As such, locking is achieved by matching parts to a large extent.

Therefore, the platform 23 and cantilever support mechanism 24 are protected from any movement while the locking mechanism is switched from the tilt lock, fully engaged position to the swing lock, fully engaged position, or vice versa. It will be blocked.

In FIG. 5, the framework platform 23, the shell 3
0 and back plate assembly 27 are shown in a tilted position.

The above-mentioned swing lock pin 47 has its pin receiver engaged with the hole 59 in the horizontal member 60, thereby preventing the roof support mechanism 24 from swinging in an arc, and prevents the piston from swinging in an arc. By retracting the spigot 44a into its hydraulic cylinder 44, its receiver is pulled out of the hole 66 and released.

The tilting pin guide hole 62, which is aligned with the hole 66 when the furnace is in the upright position (FIG. 4), and the fixed tilting pin receiver in the wall 65, are positioned in relation to the hole 66 so that the furnace is not tilted when the furnace is tilted. The distance to advance is indicated.

As seen most clearly in FIG. 5, when the furnace is in the tilted position, the foundation wall 65 obstructs the outward movement of the pins 48 so that the platform 22 is horizontal and the pins 48 are again Any further movement of the locking mechanism 42 is prevented until it engages the hole 66, including disengaging the pin 47 from the hole 56.

6 and 9, the swing lock pin 47 is withdrawn and its seat in the horizontal member 60 is unlatched from the hole 59, and the slant lock pin 48 is inserted into the wall 65. The receiver is engaged within the hole.

A tilt and swing locking mechanism 42 is shown.

When the mechanism 42 is in the above position, the roof 31 of the furnace body 26
is lifted and swung to one side along an arc by rotating the roof support mechanism 24 on its pivot 25 (FIG. 9), so that the shell 30 is filled from the top. I will be able to do it.

By extending the piston rod 44a from the hydraulic cylinder 44, the swing lock pin 47 is removed from the pin receiver hole 62, thus rotating the bell crank 43 in the clockwise direction.
Via the connecting link 45 to the pin 47, a component of the downward movement is created.

As seen most clearly in FIG. 9, when the roof 31 and its cantilever support mechanism 24 are placed in the rocked position, the horizontal member 60 blocks the outward movement of the pin 47; Therefore, the roof 31 and its support mechanism 24 are
Until positioned above 0, all further movement of the locking mechanism is prevented, including disengaging pin 48 from hole 66.

Note that in this case, the trailing edge 60a of the horizontal member 60 does not pass past the pin 47.

After all, the hydraulic cylinder (not shown) that swings the support mechanism does not allow it to swing in the opposite direction by a sufficient angle to remove the restraint of pin 47.

It is provided that the reverse swinging of the roof in the opening direction can also be limited by a mechanical stop 61 fixed to the platform in the path of the reverse opening swing of the support mechanism 24.

The dimensions and shape of the tilting and swinging locking mechanism 42 are such that the double-ended locking pins 47 and 48 are prevented from being simultaneously released from the receiving holes 59 and 66, respectively.
A further advantage is that the structure of the mechanism 42, particularly all the link connecting pins 70-70, creates a tamper-proof device to prevent uncontrolled tilting of the furnace mechanism.

Each link connecting pin 70 in this mechanism is of solid construction and has a case hardened bearing surface (not shown), on which each link link arm is case hardened. Both the mounting hole and the bell crank mounting hole are pivoted for rotation.

The structure at both ends connecting each link is the same.

An annular end cap 74 is welded to both ends connecting each link.

This annular end cap 74 is welded onto each respective pin 70 after the linkage is assembled thereon to provide a permanently mounted pivot pin that prevents tampering.

All bearing surfaces of the pivot are case hardened to minimize the need for lubrication.

FIG. 10 shows generally at 78 a second embodiment of the tilt and swing locking mechanism of the present invention.

This embodiment provides that instead of a single pin 48, two pins are slidably positioned in parallel oriented guide block holes 80-80 in spaced guide blocks 5i-si. The second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except that it includes two angled locking pins 79-79.

Guide blocks 81-81 are mounted at each corner of one end 64 of the framework platform 23 in a manner similar to the guide blocks 63 of the first embodiment at the bottom 56.

In a second embodiment, a pivot shaft 82 oriented parallel to one end 64 of the platform 24 is mounted for pivoting in pillow blocks 83-83 fixed to the bottom 56 of the platform. It is suspended.

Rigidly mounted to each end of shaft 82 is a grooved arm 84-84.

Grooves 84a-84a on arms 84-84 are engaged by transverse pin mounts 79a-79a on locking pins 79-79, respectively, so that when hydraulic cylinder 44 is energized, the inclined locking pins 79-79, a pair of similarly spaced pin receivers positioned in the foundation wall in a manner similar to hole 66 in the embodiment of FIG. (not installed) so as to lock it.

The twin angled locking pins 79-79 are designed to prevent the furnace platform from being forced to rotate due to erroneous operation, about the center of rotation when the holder engages the hole. This prevents the possibility of a single engagement slanted locking pin creating a center of rotation such as this.

In the second embodiment, after the tilting lock pins 79-79 are tilted into the holes, the tilting cylinder 41 locks the framework platform 23 and the furnace mounted thereon. It is advantageous to prevent the body 26 from tilting unintentionally.

To prevent the hydraulic cylinder 41 from extending after the tilt lock mechanism is engaged, an electrical ink lock (not shown) may be provided in the tilt and swing lock mechanism 42. , most electrical circuits can be bypassed or avoided.

The inclined locking pin 48 of the first embodiment has a receiving hole 66.
If the hydraulic cylinder 41 were to be extended while engaged, the locking pin 48 would become a pivot around which the tiltable parts of the furnace would tend to rotate. You will get it.

- Even relatively small rotations of framework platform 23 and furnace body 26 can cause ring gear portions 40a-40a to jump gear portions along racks 38a-38a and twist the furnace, causing The alignment between the two parallel rails 38-38 on which the structure platform 23 rests is removed.

In FIG. 10, twin spaced angled locking pins 79-19 prevent the angled locking mechanism from pivoting to the angled portion of the furnace.

Various modifications can be made to the above embodiments within the framework of the present invention.

For example, the hydraulic cylinder 44 that provides the power source for the tilting and swinging locking mechanism may be replaced with a rotatable screw in place of the piston rod 44a and a relatively stationary mounting nut in place of the mounting pivot 52. It is also possible.

Secondly, the mounting hole 66 may be directly drilled into the concrete foundation, and thirdly, the mounting hole 66 may be drilled directly into the concrete foundation.
546-46 may each be replaced by an equivalent unitary connection link.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cut-away front view of a top-filled direct arc steelmaking furnace including one embodiment of the interconnected tilt lock and swing lock mechanism of the present invention; FIG. 2 shows the gravity operating position in solid lines; FIG. 1 is a side view of the steelmaking furnace, the inclined position of which is indicated by a broken line, and FIG. a plan view of the furnace of the embodiment of FIG. 1, including the furnace roof, with the top shell removed and swung along an arc, represented by dashed lines;
FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway detailed view of the furnace from FIG. 1 with the tilt locking mechanism released and the swinging locking mechanism engaged; FIG. FIG. 6 is a partially cut away perspective view of the tilt and swing locking mechanism with the furnace in the tilted position, with the tilt lock mechanism engaged and the swing lock FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged partial perspective view of the locking mechanism, showing the lower left part of FIG. 3, with the mechanism released, similar to FIG. 4; Detailed view, FIG. 8, is a cutaway, partial view of the furnace similar to FIGS. 4 and 6, with the tilt and swing locking mechanisms in the superimposed engaged position. The enlarged detail, FIG. 9, shows the fifth section with the tilt locking mechanism engaged, the swinging locking mechanism disengaged, and the furnace roof support in the partially swinging position.
FIG. 10 is a partially cut-away perspective view similar to the figures, and FIG. 10 is a partially cut-away perspective view showing a variation of the tilt locking mechanism. In the figure, 20: Overview of direct strong light electric furnace, 21: Foundation, 22: Tiltable frame structure, 23: Frame platform, 24: Cantilever roof support mechanism, 25: Pivot point, 26: Furnace body, 27: vertical back plate assembly, 28: roof support member, 30: shell, 31: roof, 31a: roof hole, 3
2-32: Cable or chain, 33: Electrode, 34: Mounting arm, 35: Vertical extension body, 36: Injection hole, 38-38: Parallel rail, 38a-38a rack, 40-40: One of the parallel wheels part, 40a-40a: annular gear part, 41: hydraulic cylinder, 42: tilt and swing lock mechanism, 43: bell crank member, 44: drive power part, 45-45.46-4
6: A pair of double connecting links, 47° 48: Swing and tilt locking pin, 52: First pivot bracket, 54: Second pivot bracket, 55: Upper surface of framework platform,
56 two same bottom surface, 57: pin hole, 58: guide bracket,
59: Pin receiver is hole, 60: Horizontal member of back plate assembly, 6
2: Horizontal hole of guide block, 63: Guide block, 64
: One end of guide block, 65: Vertical boundary wall, 66: Slanted lock pin receiver is hole.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A tiltable top-filling arc electric furnace comprising: a base part, a frame structure mounted on the base part so as to be tiltable, and a furnace body mounted on the frame structure. a roof that covers the furnace body and can be rocked by a rocking device carried on a frame structure; and a roof that prevents the furnace body from tilting and prevents the roof from rocking. a mechanism assembly comprising: [) a first locking mechanism operable to prevent relative movement of the framework with respect to the base; and ii) coupled to the rocking device and the first locking mechanism; a second locking mechanism, the second locking mechanism being maintained such that the second locking mechanism prevents relative rocking movement of the roof with respect to the furnace body. An electric furnace coupled to a first locking mechanism in a reciprocal relationship such that the first locking mechanism cannot tilt the furnace body except when the furnace is in use. 2. The first and second locking mechanisms are prevented from entering and leaving their respective blocking positions except when the frame structure and the furnace body thereon are in a substantially horizontal position. An electric furnace according to claim 1. 3. The first locking mechanism is adapted to prevent tilting movement of the framework relative to the foundation, the second locking mechanism is adapted to prevent horizontal movement of the roof relative to the furnace body, and the locking mechanism assembly is adapted to prevent tilting movement of the framework relative to the foundation. a first and second locking mechanism coupling portion pivotally connected to the first and second locking mechanisms, the coupling portion retaining the double-ended locking mechanism in the respective blocked position when in the intermediate position; Pivotal movement away from said intermediate position in one direction operates to release one of said double-ended locking mechanisms from the blocking position, thereby causing said one of said double-ended locking mechanisms to move away from said intermediate position. means for manipulating the pivoting movement of the connection, adapted to release the other locking mechanism from the blocking position when pivoted away in the opposite direction; An electric furnace according to claim 1. 4. A stationary foundation, a supporting framework mounted on the foundation, a furnace body having a hollow shell with a closed bottom and an open top, and a supporting framework mounted on the supporting framework. a removable roof suspended over the open top of the furnace body, the roof capable of swinging horizontally in an arc and capable of being opened to fill material into the furnace body; 2. An electric furnace according to claim 1, wherein said framework is tiltable on said base so that molten metal is allowed to flow out of the furnace body. 5. The first locking mechanism is mounted for axial movement within the framework and is adapted to project upwardly from the framework while in the blocking device and to be retracted while in the release position. a first lock pin; and a first lock pin provided on a surface of the base portion perpendicular to the rotation axis of the inclined frame structure and adjacent to the first lock pin.
a recess in which the first pin is adapted to engage in a fixed manner, so that once the furnace body is tilted, the first pin The electric furnace according to claim 4, wherein the locking mechanism is immovable. 6. The electric furnace according to claim 5, wherein the first locking pin is aligned with the first recess when the framework is in a horizontal position. 7. The second locking mechanism is a second locking pin axially movably mounted on the framework, the second locking pin protruding from the framework during blocking engagement and disengaging from the framework during release. a locking pin adapted to be retracted therein; a second recess in a surface of the means for rocking the roof perpendicular to the rocking axis and adjacent to the second locking pin;
a recess in which a locking pin of the second locking mechanism is adapted to be fixedly engaged, and movement of the second locking mechanism is prevented when the roof is rocked; An electric furnace according to claim 4. 8. The second locking pin is aligned with the second recess when the roof covers the furnace body;
An electric furnace according to claim 7.