JPS5937838B2 - automatic accompaniment device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an automatic accompaniment device 3 that provides bass accompaniment corresponding to a chord (chord) performance.

The present invention relates to an automatic accompaniment device that automatically advances a bass accompaniment according to the chord name while playing a chord by pressing a plurality of required keys on a keyboard, and relates to an automatic accompaniment device that automatically advances bass accompaniment according to the chord name. In addition to fully developing the interval notes (root and subordinate notes) in the form of dispersed chords and automatically providing a musically preferable bass accompaniment, it is also possible to specify bass variations to improve the performance of the bass notes. It is characterized by being extremely varied.

Note that in this invention, pitch refers to the difference in pitch of each chord component note from the root note of the chord. The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the embodiments of the accompanying drawings.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, an automatic accompaniment method ( By pressing one key with the note name corresponding to the root note of the chord, the bass accompaniment corresponding to the chord name can be automatically played. We have shown a configuration that can selectively adopt an automatic accompaniment method (temporarily referred to as a one-key press method) in which the accompaniment method (temporarily referred to as the one-key press method) can also automatically proceed.

The keyboard circuit 40 generates a signal in response to the pressing of each key on the musical instrument keyboard, and the key switch output line for each key corresponds to the same note name on the 12-tone scale (
C to B) are commonly connected, and from the same circuit 40, 1
Twelve output lines are derived corresponding to each note name of the ditone scale. Automatic accompaniment is performed using the normal multi-key pressing method, and in this case, the self-holding circuit 50 is not activated and the output of the keyboard circuit 40 passes through the self-holding circuit 50 to select the chord name detection circuit 10 and one note. It is added in parallel to circuit 30. The self-holding circuit 50 receives a one-key press command signal O.
This self-holding, which operates only when Fl3 is pressed and holds the pressed key pitch name signal from the keyboard circuit 40, is released when another key is pressed next. Code name detection circuit 1
0 is a circuit that detects chord names formed by multiple keys pressed on the keyboard. In this example, the circuit detects chord names formed by multiple keys pressed on the keyboard. ) and the third of the seventh (a chord with a minor seventh interval)
Configured to detect types of codes.

The chord name is the note name of the 1st root note, 2nd note, whether it includes a minor 7th note, and 3rd major or minor (whether it includes a major 3rd note or a minor 3rd note). ), the chord name detection circuit 10 identifies whether the chord is a perfect fifth interval or a minor seventh interval, and selects the root note of the chord. major third, minor third
It is designed to detect whether or not a degree tone is included. An example of the configuration of the chord name detection circuit 10 is shown in the block diagram of the circuit 10 in FIG.

Here, the minor seventh, perfect fifth discrimination, root note selection circuit 11 is as follows:
Identifies whether the chord includes a minor seventh interval or a normal perfect fifth interval, and generates a minor seventh interval detection signal 7b or a perfect fifth interval detection signal 5 as a result of the identification. At the same time, a root note selection signal is generated on the output line of the pitch name C-B corresponding to the root note of the identified chord. Therefore, for example, when comparing a chord C major and a chord C seventh, the root note selection signal is generated on the output line of the same C note name, but the pitch detection signals 7b and 5 are generated separately. The root note selection circuit 11 selects each minor seventh interval chord, perfect 5th, when each note name C-B of the 12-tone scale is taken as the 5th root note.
It consists of a logic circuit that executes a logical formula for identifying and detecting a degree interval code, and receives a pressed key note name signal from the keyboard circuit 40 in response to a pressed key as an input, and generates a code corresponding to the logical formula satisfied by this input. A root note selection signal is generated on the output line of the root note name of , and if the satisfied logical formula is for a minor seventh interval chord, the interval detection signal 7! l) produces an interval detection signal 5 if it is of a perfect fifth interval chord. The logical formula for detecting a perfect fifth interval chord is , and the logical formula for detecting a minor seventh interval chord is / .
These logical expressions are executed by constructing an AND circuit.

Here, K1 is the root note, K2 is the major second, K4 is the perfect fourth,
K5 is a perfect 5th, K6 is a major 6th, and K7b is a pressed key pitch name signal input from the keyboard circuit 40 corresponding to a minor 7th pitch. The pitch name of each pitch K2 to K, b is uniquely determined. Furthermore, K2・
K4 and K6 mean that the keys of these pitches are not pressed. The AND circuits based on the logical formulas (1) and (2) are constructed separately, with each of the 12 note names C-B as the root note K. If the logical formula of a certain AND circuit is satisfied,
A signal is generated on the output line of the pitch name C-B corresponding to the root note K1 that satisfies the logical formula and is added to the OR circuit group 14 as a root note selection signal, and the logical formula is expressed as (1).
The pitch detection signal 5, depending on whether it is the formula or the formula (2),
7b is output. No matter which note name of the 12-tone scale C-B is taken as the root note, if the above equations (1) and (2) are not satisfied, all output lines of the root note selection circuit 11 become signal 0, and the NOR circuit NOR This is detected and a code name undetectable signal NC is generated.

When the chord name detection undetectable signal NC is applied from the NOR circuit NOR, the single note selection circuit 30 selects a single note name from among the plurality of keys pressed on the keyboard based on the output from the keyboard circuit 40. , the signal with this pitch name is regarded as the root tone for convenience and is sent to the OR circuit group 14.

This is to allow the bass accompaniment to progress without causing musical contradictions even if the chord name cannot be detected.
No particular details will be given. In addition, the same circuit 30 receives the one-key pressing method command signal 0F in the case of the one-key pressing method, and selects a single note name as the root note if multiple keys are pressed on the keyboard. It's getting old. In order to select a single note name, the circuit 30 is constituted by, for example, a bass tone priority selection circuit (the C note side of the 12-tone scale is regarded as the bass tone). The signal of the note name corresponding to the root note (root note selection signal) from the root note selection circuit 11 or the single note selection circuit 30 is sent to the OR circuit group 14.
It is applied to the same note name input side of the priority circuit 15 via.

When a signal of a certain pitch name is input from the one-note selection circuit 30 to the priority circuit 15, the input signal passes through the same circuit 15 and a root note signal is generated on the output line of the pitch name.

In the root selection circuit 11, a plurality of logical expressions may be satisfied and a plurality of root selection signals may be generated. In this case, the priority circuit 15 selects only the signal of a single note name from among the plurality of root note names according to a predetermined priority (for example, bass priority), and sends the root note signal to the output line of the single note name. Produces a sound signal.
Each output line of the priority circuit 15 has a major third detection circuit 12 and a minor third detection circuit.
They are respectively connected to the degree detection circuit 13.

The circuits 12 and 13 detect whether or not a key having an interval of a major third or a minor third is pressed for the root note K detected and selected by the root note selection circuit 11 and the priority circuit 15. The above detection is performed based on the output from the priority circuit 15 and the pressed key tone name signal from the keyboard circuit 40. If a key with a major third interval relative to the root note is pressed, a major third interval detection signal 3 is generated, and if a key with a minor third interval is pressed, a minor third interval detection signal 31) is generated. occurs. In this way, the chord name formed by the pressed key (the chord name specified by the key operation) is composed of the root tone signal representing the root note name generated on the output line of the priority circuit 15 and the various notes representing the pitch of each subordinate note. It is identified depending on the presence or absence of the pitch detection signals 3b, 3, 5, and 7b. For example, if it is a major chord, pitch detection signals 3 and 5 will be produced as follower tones, if it is a minor chord, pitch detection signals 3b and 5 will be produced, and if it is a seventh chord, pitch detection signal 7b will be produced. However, in the case of the 1-key press method, 1
The chord name is identified only by the root note signal from the note selection circuit 30, and the type of chord, that is, the pitch of each subordinate tone constituting the chord, is specified by a subordinate pitch designation circuit 71, which will be described later. . The root note signal sent from the chord name detection circuit 10 is input to the encoder 21. That is, 12 output lines of each pitch name C-B corresponding to the root note are sent from the chord name detection circuit 10 to each encoder 21a to 21.
are respectively connected to the input sides of f. In the encoder 21, each of the 12
Each pitch name is 2 to a specific value corresponding to the pitch of pitch name C-B.
It is now encoded in base format, and if you set the C note information as a value of 1 and add 1 for each semitone, it becomes 1.
A numerical value from 1 to 12 (4-bit binary information) is assigned to the binary note name C-B. The root sound encoders 21a and 21f encode the root sound signal input into binary information representing the pitch name of the root sound, and the 3b' degree encoder 21b encodes the root sound signal input into an interval of a minor third with respect to the root sound. Hereinafter, the third encoder 21c is the pitch name of the major third interval, the fifth encoder 21d is the pitch name of the perfect fifth interval, and the 7b degree encoder 21b is the pitch name of the minor seventh interval. Each root signal input is encoded into binary information representing the name. Therefore, when the root note signal of a certain chord is added from the chord name detection circuit 10, the note name of the root note and the subordinate note of the root note (
Name all the notes (minor 3rd, major 3rd, perfect 5th, minor 7th notes) that can be a certain interval relative to the root note and make up a chord with the root note. The representing binary information is simultaneously output from the encoders 21a to 21e and applied to the selection circuit 22. The selection control unit 23 develops the notes (root note and subordinate note) constituting the chord specified by the key operation for each single note (in a dispersed chord format) in a predetermined pattern of the bass accompaniment. This circuit generates pitch signals S3b-S7ll corresponding to each pitch constituting the chord as described later.
), the sound generation timing pulses T1 to T3 (or HT1 to HT3) are appropriately allocated to each pitch.

The selection of binary information from the encoders 21a to 21e in the selection circuit 22 is controlled by the output of the control section 23. In other words, the pitch signal of the root note and the pitch signals of various subordinate tones S3b-S7l are assigned the pronunciation timing pulses.
) are the root selection pulse P1 and the subordinate selection pulse P3b-P.
7V) is applied to the selection control input side of the selection circuit 22, the binary information from the root encoder 21a is selected by the root selection pulse Pl, and the subordinate selection pulse P3V), P3
, P5, and P7b, information corresponding to the minor third, major third, perfect fifth, and minor seventh intervals from the encoders 21b to 21e is selected. Rhythm pulse generator 2
Reference numeral 4 denotes a circuit that regularly generates sound generation timing pulses T, , T2, and T3 that determine the sound generation timing of the bass sound every other time and according to a predetermined rhythm, and the generation time mode of the sound generation timing pulses T1 to T3. In other words, the type of rhythm can be set arbitrarily.

The pitch signal format circuit 72 is a circuit that forms a pitch signal representing each pitch (root pitch and subordinate pitch) constituting a chord specified by key operation, and in the case of the multiple key pressing method, the chord name Each pitch detection signal 310 to 7 from the detection circuit 10
Based on the presence or absence of 1), the follower pitch signals S3b-S7! l
) are formed, and in the case of the one-key press method, follower pitch signals S3b to S7b are formed based on the pitch designation signals Fl and F2 from the follower pitch designation circuit 71.

Since the pitch of the root note is the same regardless of the chord type (major, minor, seventh), it is not particularly formed in the same circuit 72.
The selection control unit 23 assumes that the root pitch signal is always applied and sets the required sound generation timing pulse (T1 to T,).
is allocated to generate the root selection pulse P1. Therefore, although the output line of the root pitch signal is not shown in the figure, it is equivalent to the fact that the root pitch signal is always generated. In the case of the multiple key press method, the pitch of the chord specified by key operation can be known by the presence or absence of pitch detection signals 3b to 7b, but when a single key is pressed, In the case of this method, it is not possible to know from the keys pressed on the keyboard. Therefore, a subordinate pitch designation circuit 71 is designed to specify a subordinate pitch (that is, a chord type such as major, minor, seventh, etc.). The circuit 71 includes an operator for setting the chord type, and by this operation, the chord type is specified and a certain chord is specified together with the pressed key note name specifying the root note on the keyboard. Note that in the present invention, the term "key" is used in a broad sense to include not only the keyboard but also the operator for setting the chord type of the circuit 71. The pitch designation signals Fl and F2 are 2-bit data, and 2-bit binary data for designating the chord type is generated depending on the setting state of the operator. The relationship between the contents of the signals Fl and F2 and the code types is as shown in Table 1, for example. Further, a signal 0F for specifying the one-key pressing method is generated from the follower pitch designation circuit 71 as needed, and when the signal 0F is added, the pitch signal forming circuit 72
is adapted to form pitch signals S3b to S7b based on the pitch designation signals Fl, F from the circuit 71.

The bass variation setting circuit 73 is a circuit for setting the pitch of a note to be sounded as a bass note.
A base variation designation signal Vl,2 is output.

Since it would be musically monotonous if all the pitches that make up a chord are pronounced as bass notes, the types of pitches that are pronounced as bass notes are limited depending on the type of song or rhythm, etc., and the result is changed to bass accompaniment. It was designed to give the same effect. The variation designation signals V, , V2 are 2-bit binary data, and the relationship between the contents of the signals Vl, V, and the pronunciation variation (how many pitches should be pronounced as the base note) is as follows. For example, it looks like Table 2. For example, when signals 1 and 2 are 0 and 0, only the interval of 1 degree (root note) is produced as the bass note.

FIG. 2 shows a specific example of the pitch signal forming circuit 72 and the selection control section 23. The logical formula for forming the pitch signals S3b-S7b in the case of the multiple key press method in the pitch signal forming circuit 72 is as follows. The following formulas (a) to (
AND circuits AN1 to AN4 and an OR circuit 0R1 are arranged to execute d). (a), interval signal of minor 3rd S3l) (b), interval signal of major 3rd S3 (c), interval signal of perfect 5th S5 (d), interval signal of minor 7th S7l) Inversion of No. 0F It's a signal.

In the case of the one-key pressing method, the pitch detection signals 31) to 7V) are not used (the same signals 3b to 710 are not generated), but the pitch designation signals Fl and F2 from the subordinate pitch designation circuit 71 are used.

In this case, pitch signals S3b-S7b are formed according to the following logical formulas (e) to (h), and the logical formula (
AND circuits AN5 to AN to execute e) to (h)
8 is assembled. '7 A H'S Todoroki Box 10 Therefore, when a certain code is specified by key operation, the AND circuit group AN, ~AN4 or the AND circuit group AN5~AN
Either one of 8 is activated, and these outputs are OR circuit 0R.
They are sent to the selection control section 23 as pitch signals S36 to S76 via signals 2 to 0R5.

The types of subtones that make up this chord differ depending on the type of specified chord. Therefore, pitch signals S3b-S7ll) are generated in a manner according to the constituent pitches of the chord (and according to the contents of variation designation signals 1 and V2). In the selection control section 23, the sound generation timing pulses T1 to T3
When allocating the pitch signals S3V) to S7l), the allocation is performed according to certain predetermined conditions.

These conditions are, for example, as shown in the following logical formulas (3) to (self), and when a certain logical formula is satisfied, the root tone or subordinate tone selection pulses P1 to P7b related to that logical formula are generated. . Note that in the following equations (3) to (self), the values in parentheses indicate the generation conditions of the pitch signals S3b-S7b when allocating the timing pulses T1 to T3 to the pitches concerned. Root selection pulse P
l H3 hemp interval selection pulse P,b major third interval selection pulse P3 perfect fifth interval selection pulse P5 minor seventh interval selection pulse P7V) In order to execute logical formulas (3) to (11) as above AND circuits ANll to ANl are assembled.

Note that Ding "E), S3, B, and 100 J7 are pitch signals S3b to S.
7l) is not occurring, and is supplied from inverters IN, to IN4. Logical formulas (3) to (5
), (8) to (self) where multiple timing pulses are assigned to the same pitch, the outputs of the AND circuit are combined by OR circuits 0R6, 0R7, and the selection pulses Pl, P5 are sent to a single output line. give rise to Each of the above logical formulas (3
) to (self), if we consider the combinations of selection pulses P and -P7b in correspondence with the chord types, it is clear that the generation timing pulses T1 to T3 are not simply allocated. Bass accompaniment patterns are taken into consideration depending on the type of chord. For example, assuming that the sound generation timing pulses are generated in the order of Tl, T2, and T3, the selection pulses are generated in the following order for a major chord, a minor chord, and a seventh chord.

The bass accompaniment pattern (the expanded form of the dispersed chord) is determined by the generation pattern of the root tone and subordinate tone selection pulses. Note that the selection control section 23 that receives the sound generation timing pulses T1 to T3 sends them at a certain timing! The generated pulse (T, ~T3) is temporarily held until a certain pulse (T1 ~ T3) is sent at the next timing, and a continuous holding timing pulse HT, ~HT that is not every other hour is generated.
3, and the timing pulses T1 to T3 of the above logical formulas (3) to (self) are converted into the holding timing pulses HTl to H.
It may be used in AND circuits ANll to ANl in place of T3. In this way, when the selection pulses P1 to P7b are used in the circuit after the hold circuit 25 described later, a separate hold circuit is provided and the selection pulses P1 to P7b are used.
7b and synchronization with the signal already held by the hold circuit 25 is eliminated. However, in this embodiment, since the selection pulses P1 to P and b are not used as described above, it is assumed for convenience of explanation that the pulses T1 to T3 are used as they are. The selection circuit 22 is connected to each encoder 2.
It consists of a plurality of gate circuits each inputting binary information from 1a to 21e, and each gate circuit has a root tone corresponding to the interval (root tone, subordinate tone interval) of the respective input binary information,
Opening/closing control is performed by follower selection pulses P1 to P7b.

That is, the selection pulse (P, ~P7!l) of a certain pitch)
When a pitch occurs (allocated), binary information from the encoder (21a to 21b) of the pitch is selected and sent to the hold circuit 25. The hold circuit 25 continuously holds the binary information added at a certain timing until another binary information is added at the next timing.The decoder 26 converts the binary information added from the hold circuit 25 into the corresponding sound. The output lines (C, C#, . . . , B) are decoded and supplied to the tone generator 27.

The tone generator 27 is a circuit that generates a base tone signal with a frequency appropriate to the note name information added from the decoder 26, and may include an oscillator for each note frequency, multiple frequency dividing circuits, or a single frequency dividing circuit. Any configuration may be used, such as a configuration in which the frequency division ratio of the frequency dividing circuit can be varied in accordance with the pitch name information input c. The output of the tone generator 27 is applied to an analog signal gate circuit 28, selectively sent out at the timing of generation of a bass sound production control pulse BG, and produced as a bass sound via an appropriate sound system (not shown). The bass sound generation control pulse BG is generated from the rhythm pulse generating section 24 in synchronization with the generation timing of the sound generation timing pulses Tl, T2, and T3.
, T2, and T3 are generated. By the way, in the case of the multi-key pressing method, since multiple keys are pressed on the keyboard, a separate circuit (not shown) is used to simultaneously produce the sounds of these pressed keys and play a chord, but when a single key is pressed, In the case of this method, a circuit must be added to automatically play the chords.

That is, the output of the root encoder 21f is applied to the hold circuit 61 for self-holding, decoded by the decoder 62, and a decoded output is supplied to the output line (C-B) corresponding to the note name of the root note. This decoded output is the root tone generator 63, 3rd degree, 311) degree tone generator 64
and are added to the 5th and 7bth tone generators 65, respectively. The root tone generator 63 outputs a frequency signal corresponding to the pitch name of the inputted root tone. Also, 3 degrees, 3F)
The degree tone generator 64 selectively outputs a frequency signal of a pitch name having an interval of a major third or a minor third with respect to the input root note, and controls the externally inputted control signal F.
If F1 specifies a major chord, a frequency signal of a major third interval is output, and if the same signal F1 specifies a minor chord, a frequency signal of a minor third interval is output. 5th, 71:) degree tone generator 65 selectively outputs a frequency signal of a pitch name having a pitch of a perfect fifth or a minor seventh with respect to the root note input, and the control signal F2 is a frequency signal of a pitch having a pitch of a perfect fifth or a minor seventh. When a chord is specified, a frequency signal of a perfect fifth interval is outputted, and when the same signal F2 specifies a seventh chord, a frequency signal of a minor seventh interval is outputted.

The output signals of each of the tone generators 63 to 65 are applied to gate circuits 66 to 68 for analog signals, respectively, and are passed through each of the gate circuits 66 to 68 at the generation timing of the chord sound generation control pulse CG to be used in an appropriate sound system (Fig. (not shown) and are simultaneously sounded as chord tones. The chord sound generation control pulse CG is used to mark the sound generation timing of the chord sound, and is generated from the rhythm pulse generator 24 only when a single key is pressed, but it has a special relationship with the sound generation timing pulses T, ~T3. I don't have it. The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, but the point is that the bass accompaniment can be performed by sufficiently allocating bass sound generation timing pulses to the notes of various pitches that make up the chord, and developing the chord in a wide variety of variations. All you have to do is get used to it.

Therefore, the configuration of the chord name detection circuit 10, the types of chords that can be detected, the bass sound generation method, etc. are not limited to those described above, and various modifications are possible. Of course, the encoder 21 may not be used, but a large number of gate circuits may be provided to select a bass tone with a necessary note name. Also, setting circuit 7
Base variation or selection control section 2 in 3
The conditions for allocation (bass accompaniment pattern) in 3 can also be modified in various ways. Furthermore, when specifying the chords that form the basis of the bass accompaniment, the configuration is not limited to specifying by key operation as in the above embodiment; for example, information specifying the chords to be played can be automatically transmitted using perforated tape or the like. The same effect as in the above embodiment can be obtained even with a configuration in which the water is supplied directly. In addition, it is not always necessary to use the multiple key press method.
There is no need for a configuration in which both the key pressing method and the key pressing method can be used in common, and either one may be used. As explained above, according to the present invention, the various pitches that make up the chord are fully utilized as bass sounds, so it is possible to provide bass accompaniment with musically favorable changes.

Furthermore, by appropriately changing the way of allocating the sound generation timing pulses or the sound variation of the bass sound, it is possible to provide a preferable bass accompaniment that matches the type of music or rhythm. Furthermore, even in the case of the one-key press method, since a pitch designation signal is separately added, a musical bass tone with variation can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the automatic accompaniment apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing the main parts of the same embodiment. 10... Code name detection circuit, 21...
Encoder, 23... Selection control section, 72...
... pitch signal forming circuit, ANl-ANl, ...
・AND circuit, 0R1 to 0R7...OR circuit.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A first circuit that outputs chord information and root note information of the chord to be played, and a first circuit that outputs bass note sound generation timing information according to a predetermined rhythm, and also outputs bass sound generation timing information according to a predetermined bass variation designation signal and the chord information. a second circuit that outputs sound pronunciation pitch information; and a second circuit that outputs pitch name information of a base sound determined based on the root note information and the pronunciation pitch information at each pronunciation timing specified by the pronunciation timing information. An automatic accompaniment device comprising a third circuit and a fourth circuit that generates a bass tone in accordance with the pitch name information of the bass tone.