JPS5939583B2 - Fireproof construction board - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a fire-resistant building board suitable for use in building components, particularly in locations where fire resistance and fire protection are required.

Various legal regulations are imposed on materials, structures, etc. for building boards, such as interior and exterior materials, from the standpoint of respecting human life in the event of a fire and from other viewpoints.

Therefore, in order to pass this type of regulation, most building materials have been made by mixing a large amount of aluminum hydroxide with flammable synthetic resin, for example, or by being constructed only from inorganic materials.

However, the former configuration has the disadvantage that most of the properties as a synthetic resin foam layer are lost.

In addition, the latter has disadvantages such as being heavy, requiring a long manufacturing time, and having limited shapes.

In order to eliminate these drawbacks, the present invention combines noncombustible materials to form a honeycomb structure that also has heat insulating properties, and integrates synthetic resin foam that also functions as a core material, heat insulating material, and adhesive into this honeycomb structure. and release non-flammable gas under high heat to the area where this foam and surface material come into contact,
A fire-resistant building that gradually forms an inorganic foam and protects the synthetic resin foam from high heat, making it lightweight and highly insulating both under normal conditions and under high heat, and with excellent fire resistance and productivity. Provide a board for use.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a fire-resistant construction board according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1 shows a fire-resistant building board (hereinafter simply referred to as a building board) according to the present invention, where 1 is a surface material and as shown in Fig. 2, a non-combustible base material 2 ( (hereinafter simply referred to as the base material)
A non-combustible sheet-like material 3 (hereinafter simply referred to as a sheet) is pasted on the back surface 2a of
It has a corrugated cardboard structure with voids 4.

To explain further, the base material 2 is mainly useful as a decorative material, such as asbestos paper, plaster paper, or metal plate.
Seeds, or those laminated with synthetic resin film, artificial leather, leather cloth, or metal foil.

The sheet 3 has a large number of micropores 3a, and is made of, for example, metal foil, asbestos paper, gypsum paper, etc., and is mainly used in combination with the base material 2 to form a heat insulating layer and a nonflammable gas of foamable inorganic material to be described later. A synthetic resin foam layer described below is attached to the void 4 with a foamable inorganic material distributed on its surface.

Note that the height H of the gap 4 in the sheet 3 is about 1 to 10 mm.

5 is a synthetic resin foam layer (hereinafter simply referred to as foam) which is formed by discharging raw material onto the surface 3b of the sheet 3 to form a foam.

The foam 5 mainly functions as a heat insulating material, a core material, a bulky layer, and an adhesive.

Foam 5 is formed from one of polyurethane resin (polyurethane foam, well-known polyisocyanurate foam), phenol resin, and urea resin as a raw material.

6 is a foam 5 which is a foamable inorganic material and is in contact with the sheet 3.
It is distributed in a high density on the surface layer 0, releases nonflammable gas (water vapor) under high heat, and gradually forms an inorganic foam between the sheet 3 and the foam 5 to protect the foam 5 from high heat.

Specific examples thereof include one of borax (5,10 hydrate), (2, 4, 6, 8) sodium borate, sodium silicate, sodium metasilicate, and sodium orthosilicate.

In addition, the additive of foamable inorganic material 6 is the raw material 10 of foam 5.
It is about 10 to 100 parts by weight relative to 0 parts by weight.

Next, an example will be described.

Example 1 Foam raw material: 100 parts by weight Foamable inorganic material: 50 parts by weight (sodium metaborate) First, the foam raw material contains an organic polyol, an organic polyisocyanate, and a blowing agent (Freon 11) as main components, and a trimerization catalyst, A polyisocyanurate foam raw material to which a small amount of an emulsifier and a crosslinking agent were added was prepared.

In addition, the surface material 1 has a thickness of 0.5 mm (7) in which approximately 50 micropores 3a with a diameter of 0.3 mm are bored at a ratio of 50/crA.
A sheet 3 made of asbestos paper is bent into a wavy shape of H=5, and this is made into a base material 2 made of asbestos paper with a thickness of 1.
I-A corrugated cardboard structure is created by adhering with an adhesive.

Therefore, the surface material 1 is placed on a lower mold (not shown) with the sheet 3 facing upward, the foamable inorganic material 6 is sprinkled on top of the surface material 1, and then the foam raw material in the middle of the reaction in which the above-mentioned components are mixed is placed on top of the surface material 1. was discharged, a release paper (not shown) was laminated thereon, an upper mold (not shown) was placed thereon, and the mixture was cured at 50° C. for 2 minutes to produce a construction board as shown in FIG.

Example 2 In Example 1, a construction board as shown in FIG. 3 was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the base material 2 was a laminate of asbestos paper and aluminum foil.

Next, the surface material 1 side of the architectural board manufactured in this way was
When exposed to flame at 0°C, high heat was transferred from base material 2 → void 4 → sheet 3 → foamable inorganic material 6 → foam 5-\,
When the contact area between the foam 5 and the sheet 3 reaches 57° C., the foamable inorganic material 6 gradually melts, and a part of it flows into the void 4 through the micropores 3a of the sheet 3.

The foamable inorganic material 6 that flows out is dehydrated while evaporating water vapor due to the high heat, and when a certain viscosity is reached, a soft inorganic foam is formed in the voids 4.

In other words, when the building board is exposed to high heat, the air layer in the void 4 acts as a heat insulating layer in the initial stage, suppressing heat conduction through the foam 5.

Then, with the passage of time, the foamable inorganic material 6 melts and flows into the void 4 through the micropores 3a.

Of course, in a molten state, the voids 4 are cooled by constantly evaporating water vapor against high temperatures.

However, over time, the moisture content of the melt decreases,
The evaporation of water vapor (non-flammable gas) also decreases, and the temperature of this space gradually rises, and when it reaches a temperature of approximately 120 to 200°C, the molten material becomes moderately viscous and gradually begins to foam.

The void 4 is ultimately filled with a highly heat insulating and non-flammable inorganic foam.

As a result, the high heat of the surface material 1 is hardly conducted to the foam 5 below the sheet 3 due to the formation of the heat insulating layer.

Furthermore, when heating continues for a long time, heat is conducted to the foamable inorganic material 6 remaining on the foam 5 side of the sheet 3, which cools and protects the foam 5 through the same behavior as above. It is.

Therefore, this construction board is a quasi-noncombustible material and has fire resistance and heat resistance as a fireproof structural material.

What has been described above is only one embodiment of the construction board according to the present invention, and the surface material 1 can also be formed as shown in FIGS. 4a"-e.

In other words, figure a shows a surface material in which the sheet 3 is formed into a triangular wave shape with respect to the base material, and figure b shows a surface material in which the sheet 3 is formed in a square wave pattern.
Figure 0 shows a surface material in which the sheet 3 is formed into a saw blade shape, Figure d shows a surface material in which the sheet 3 is formed in a trapezoidal shape, and Figure e shows a surface material in which the sheet 3 is formed in a circular arc shape.

Moreover, the foamable inorganic material 6 can also be distributed as shown in FIGS. 5a and 5b.

In other words, in Figure a, the foamable inorganic material 6 is present only in four parts of the sheet 3.
Fig. b shows a building board with a high density distribution of .

Additionally, the building board may be formed as shown in FIGS. 6B-C.

That is, figure a shows a construction board in which the surface material 1 is integrally attached to both sides of the form 5, and figure b shows the surface material 7 on one side of the form 5,
For example, a construction board made of one type of metal plate, metal foil plate, cardboard, paper, asbestos paper, synthetic resin film, etc. is adhered to one piece, and Figure 0 shows a surface material in which sheets 3 are formed in a wavy manner on both sides of a base material 2. This is a construction board in which 1 is attached to a form 5.

Furthermore, the micropores 3a can also be formed as shown in FIGS. 7a-c.

That is, the micropores 3a are formed in a cross section so that non-combustible gas is sprayed into the void 4, or so that the effluent spreads quickly into the void 4.

Further, the sheet 3 can also be formed into an uneven shape as shown in FIG.

Furthermore, although not shown, the foamable inorganic material 6 includes non-foamable inorganic materials such as antimony trioxide, aluminum hydroxide, hydrated alumina, alumina salt, zinc stearate, calcium oleate, calcium hydroxide, (potassium 1. ammonium ) Alum, ammonium carbonate, sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate, hydrated calcium silicate, monobasic aluminum phosphate, aluminum sesquiphosphate, dibasic aluminum phosphate, monobasic and dibasic zinc phosphate, magnesium phosphate, hydrated Added one of the following: gypsum, calcium sulfite, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, ferrous and ferric sulfate, copper sulfate, boehmite, kaolinite, gibsite, perlite grains, shirasu balloons, fibrous materials, etc. This is what I did.

This type of material, which does not foam under high heat, releases nonflammable gas and serves as an aggregate for the inorganic foam, and the pearlite particles function as the core of the inorganic foam and as a heat insulating material.

As described above, according to the construction board according to the present invention, the primary heat insulating layer consisting of an air layer is formed on the surface material, and the effects of fire resistance, fire protection, fire extinguishing, etc. distributed in the lower layer of this heat insulating layer are improved. A non-flammable gas from a foamable inorganic material or an inorganic foam raw material is supplied to the voids of the surface material to perform a secondary or tertiary heat insulation effect, and the foam in contact with the surface material is An inorganic foam is also formed on the surface layer of the foam, making it a construction board that can ultimately protect the foam from high heat.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 and 3 are longitudinal cross-sectional views showing an example of a fire-resistant building board according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an extracted and enlarged part of the surface material, which is the main part, Figures 4a-d and 8 are longitudinal sectional views and perspective views showing other examples of surface materials, Figures 5a, b, and 6a and 6e are other examples of fire-resistant building boards. An explanatory diagram showing an example of FIG. 7a
"-c is a vertical cross-sectional view illustrating other shapes of micropores. 1... Surface material, 2... Nonflammable base material, 3
...Nonflammable sheet material, 3a... Micropores, 5... Synthesis, synthetic resin foam layer, 6... Foamable inorganic material.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A synthetic resin foam layer is integrally formed on the surface of the sheet-like material of a surface material having a corrugated structure, which is made by bending and pasting a non-flammable sheet-like material having a large number of micropores into a corrugated shape on the back surface of a non-flammable base material. At the same time, a foamable inorganic material is densely distributed to release nonflammable gas under high heat into at least the surface layer of the synthetic resin foam layer in contact with the nonflammable sheet material, and gradually form an inorganic foam layer. A fire-resistant construction board characterized by: