JPS5940588B2 - Machine Tools - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a machine tool in which various types of tools stored in a tool magazine are sequentially inserted into a spindle to perform various types of machining on a workpiece.

Until now, a wide variety of machine tools with automatic tool changers have been put into practical use, contributing to labor savings in machining, but they have yet to reach the stage of unmanned machining.

One of the major reasons preventing unmanned operation is the supply of cutting fluid.

In other words, machine tools equipped with automatic tool changers are generally equipped with cutting fluid supply devices, but since many different types of tools are used in these types of machine tools, it is difficult to find tools that require cutting fluid. However, each time the tool is replaced, the spray angle of the cutting fluid nozzle must be changed depending on the length of the tool, etc., and as a result of relying on humans for this work, it is currently impossible to achieve unmanned operation.

Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to automatically supply cutting fluid appropriately to all tools that require the supply of cutting fluid, and for this purpose, an indexing table equipped with a plurality of injection nozzles that can be used for various types of tools is provided. The injection nozzle corresponding to the tool inserted into the spindle is indexed to the cutting fluid supply position by indexing based on the auxiliary function command programmed in the NC data.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 10 denotes a spindle head mounted on a column 11 so as to be movable up and down. A spindle 12 that removably receives various types of tools T is rotatably supported on this spindle head. Various types of machining are performed on the same workpiece using tools T that are sequentially inserted into the machine.

Various types of tools T used for machining workpieces are stored in a tool magazine 13, and an exchange arm 14 rotates and rotates in the axial direction to exchange tools T between the tool magazine 13 and the spindle 12. It is set up so that it can move forward and backward.

A pair of fingers 15.15 and 16.16 for gripping the tool T are pivotally attached to both ends of the exchange arm 140 so as to be openable and closable, and are normally open as shown in FIG.

A cutting fluid supply device 20 is installed in the spindle head 10, or more precisely, in the cap 18 fixed to the tip of the spindle head 10.

The configuration of the cutting fluid supply device 20 will be explained below with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. A support base 21 that forms the main body of the cutting fluid supply device 20 is fixed to the cap 18, and a central shaft portion of the support base 21 is fixed to the cap 18. An indexing table 23 is rotatably supported on 22 .

A ratchet wheel 24 having saw teeth formed on its outer periphery is fixed to the indexing table 23 concentrically with the central shaft portion 22 .

Further, a control shaft 25 is fitted into the support base 21 so as to be able to slide only, and is pressed forward by a spring 26.

A ratchet pawl 27, which engages with the saw teeth of the ratchet wheel 24, is pivotally mounted on the control shaft 25, and is always pressed by a spring 28 in such a way that it engages with the saw teeth of the ratchet wheel 24.

Note that 29 is a ratchet pawl pivotally attached to the support base 21 to prevent the ratchet wheel from reversing.

A piston 40 is formed at one end of the control shaft 25, and the piston 40 is connected to a cylinder 41 bored in the support base 21.
It is fitted in such a way that it can be slid with a certain stroke.

The piston 40 and the control shaft 25 are connected to the cylinder 4.
By supplying pressure fluid to one chamber of 1, the indexing table 23 is slid by a certain stroke against the repulsive force of the spring 42, and thereby the indexing table 23 is adjusted by the pitch angle of the nozzle body, which will be described later, via the ratchet mechanism 27, 24. It is designed to be rotated.

In order to execute such indexing table 230 rotation indexing, the indexing table 230 rotation indexing is performed before or after the NC data for the tool change cycle for inserting the tool T, which requires supply of cutting fluid, into the spindle 12. An auxiliary function for the cylinder 41 is programmed, and the pressure fluid is controlled to be supplied to the cylinder 41 based on the reading of this auxiliary function.

With such a configuration, the cylinder piston mechanism 4 in which the control shaft 25 is operated based on the auxiliary function command of the NC data
0.41, the ratchet wheel 24 is rotated by the ratchet pawl 27 every time it is pushed by a certain stroke against the spring 26, and the indexing table 23 is rotated by a predetermined angle (the pitch angle of the nozzle body to be described later) in a certain direction. Intermittent allocation.

Attachment holes 30 of the same number as the number of tools that require supply of cutting fluid among the tools T used in machining the workpiece are formed on the outer circumference of the indexing table 23 at equal angular intervals on the circumference,
These mounting holes 30 are sequentially indexed to the cutting fluid supply position P each time the control shaft 25 is slid by a certain stroke under the action of fluid pressure.

A nozzle body 31 is fitted into each of the mounting holes 30, and the angle and diameter of each tip of the nozzle body 31 are determined according to the length of the corresponding tool and the amount of cutting fluid required. Injection nozzles 32 are drilled and arranged according to the order of use of the corresponding tools T.

These injection nozzles 32 are connected to the inner hole 3 of the nozzle body 31.
3 to the inner circumference of the indexing table 23.

On the other hand, a single through hole 34 is opened on the outer periphery of the central shaft portion 22 of the support base 21, and this through hole 34 communicates only with the injection nozzle 32 of the nozzle body 31 indexed to the cutting agent supply position P. It is supposed to be done.

The through hole 34 communicates with a cutting agent supply source through a communication passage 35, 36 bored in the support base 21 and the cap 18, a communication passage (not shown) in the spindle head 10, and a shutoff pulp of the circuit. has been done.

Next, the present invention will be explained in detail.

The exchange arm 14 performs sequence operations (fing closure, axial advance, 180 degree rotation, axial retraction, and finger release) based on a tool exchange command, and exchanges the tool T between the spindle 12 and the tool magazine 13.

When it is necessary to supply cutting fluid to the tool T inserted into the spindle 12 through such a tool change cycle,
An auxiliary function command programmed in the previous stage (later stage) of the NC data for the tool exchange cycle is read out, and based on this auxiliary function command, the corresponding switching valve is switched, and pressure fluid is supplied to the cylinder 41.

As a result, the piston 40 and the control shaft 25 are pushed by a certain stroke against the spring 26, and the indexing table 23 is rotated and indexed by a predetermined angle via the ratchet mechanism 27.24, and is inserted into the spindle 12 in the tool exchange cycle. The nozzle body 31 corresponding to the tool T that has been removed is indexed to the cutting fluid supply position P.

That is, the nozzle body 3 indexed to the cutting fluid supply position P
The injection nozzle 32 of No. 1 has an angle and a diameter that match the tool T inserted in the spindle 12, thereby supplying an appropriate amount of cutting fluid to an appropriate position when machining a workpiece with the tool T. You will be able to do this.

In this way, each time a tool T that requires supply of cutting fluid is inserted into the spindle 12, the indexing table 23 is rotated and indexed by a predetermined angle, and the nozzle corresponding to the tool T inserted into the spindle 12 is rotated and indexed. The main body 31 is sequentially indexed to the cutting fluid supply position P.

As is clear from the above description, the present invention provides an indexing table equipped with a plurality of injection nozzles each corresponding to a plurality of tools that require the supply of cutting fluid among the many types of tools used for machining workpieces. By indexing this indexing table in predetermined angle increments based on auxiliary function commands programmed in the NC data, the injection nozzle corresponding to the tool inserted into the spindle is indexed to the cutting fluid supply position. Therefore, it is possible to automatically supply the appropriate amount of cutting agent to the appropriate position for all tools that require the supply of cutting agent.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a side view of the main parts of a machine tool showing an embodiment of the present invention;
2 is a front view of the same, FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line ■--■ in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV--IV in FIG. 10... spindle head, 12... spindle,
13... Tool magazine, 14... Exchange arm, 20
. . . Cutting agent supply device, 23 . . . Indexing stand, 31 . . Tuzzle body, 32 .

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A spindle that removably accepts many types of tools,
a spindle head that rotatably supports the spindle; a tool magazine that stores the various types of tools; an exchange means that sequentially inserts the tools stored in the tool magazine into the spindle; The cutting agent supply device is equipped with a cutting agent supply device that supplies cutting agent to tools that require cutting agent supply. In order to index the injection nozzle corresponding to the tool inserted into the spindle to the cutting agent supply position, the indexing table is rotated by a predetermined angle based on an auxiliary function command programmed in NC data. A machine tool comprising an indexing drive means for extracting the cutting agent, and an injection nozzle indexed to the cutting agent supply position connected to a cutting agent supply source.