JPS5943653B2 - Brake device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a brake device, and in particular, when a rotating body rotates at a high speed exceeding the allowable rotation speed, a movable piece attached to the rotating part pops out due to centrifugal force, causing the driven part to be damaged. This invention relates to a brake device belonging to the centrifugal brake type that brakes a shaft.

Conventional brake devices of this type do not have a device to stop the rotation and axial movement of the brake shoes during brake operation, and they can move due to vibrations that occur when the shaft to be braked rotates. This has the disadvantage that the brakes may work at other times than when the vehicle is in use.

To deal with this drawback, the two pulleys involved in braking the rotating shaft are screwed into the left and right opposite screws carved into the extension of the rotating shaft, and the outer parts of these pulleys are designed to prevent movement. An emergency brake device for a hoisting device, etc., which includes a snap ring and a spring interposed between the pulleys, is described in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 48-33062.

However, in this device, the spring interposed between the two pulleys that prevents the two pulleys from moving due to inertia requires a spring material with a large repulsive force due to its structure. (Because such a large force is applied to the component parts, strong component materials are required, and smooth operation transition is hindered.Furthermore, since the left and right threads are opposite to each other, the inside For Boulini, the screws that the outer pulley engages are threaded in the opposite direction, and in accordance with this, the inner pulley cannot be threaded from the end of the rotating shaft, so the inner pulley is divided into two ( Either the outer pulley or the part of the thread that is screwed into it has to be screwed to a small diameter. It is something that was not something.

The present invention solves the drawbacks and insufficiency of the conventional ones, and prevents the brake car from being used when it is not necessary.
] The purpose is to improve the unstable structure that tends to move, and to provide a brake device that operates more reliably.

The brake device according to the present invention is configured to brake the shaft to be braked by rotating and advancing the brake actuating part to the brake part on the shaft to be braked Q, in which the brake part is moved in the axial direction The brake actuator is supported rotatably and axially movably on the fixed member side so as to be formed by a brake wheel disposed on the moving shaft to be in contact with the brake wheel disposed on the fixed member side. and a brake shoe disposed so as to move in the axial direction due to the rotation and bring the brake wheel and brake disk into contact, and to apply a braking force to the braked shaft by the frictional force caused by the contact, and the brake shoe. A rotating means for rotating the braked shaft when it reaches a predetermined speed, and a rotating means interposed between the fixed member side and the brake shoe, and opposing the rotation of the brake shoe and the resulting axial movement with respect to the brake shoe. It is configured to be formed from a coiled return spring that applies a force in the direction.

Next, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

First, FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional side view of a hoist to which a brake device according to the present invention is applied.

In the figure, 1 is a main brake device, and 2 is a drive electric motor (hereinafter simply referred to as an electric motor).

), 3 is a hanging load rope drum, 4 is a connecting shaft,
5 is a main body frame, 6 is a speed reduction device, 7 is a safety brake device related to the above-mentioned brake device, and 8 is a braked shaft.

That is, the electric motor 2 is attached to one end of the main body frame 5, and the main brake device 1 is attached to the outer end surface of the electric motor 2.
is attached so that the electric motor 2 is braked to a stop by the main brake device 1 when deenergized.

On the other hand, the rotation of the shaft of the electric motor 2 is caused by the connection shaft 4.
The transmission is transmitted through the center of the main body frame 5 to the speed reduction device 6t attached to the other end of the main body frame 5, and the reduction gear increases the deceleration and power, and the final stage gear drives the suspended load rope drum 3 inside the main body frame 5. It is something that is rotated.

Further, the shaft of the electric motor 2 is extended to the outer end of the speed reduction device 6 by a connecting shaft 4 and a braked shaft 8 in the speed reduction device 6, and is operated by a safety brake device 7.

2 is a vertical sectional side view of the safety brake device 7, FIG. 3 shows the operation of the safety brake device 7, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in the second section, where 9 is a bearing;
1 is a disc spring, 11 is a brake disc related to the brake part, 12 is a brake wheel, 13 is a brake case, 14 is a centrifugal piece support, 15 is a centrifugal piece related to a centrifugal movable piece, and 16 is a centrifugal piece related to a centrifugal movable piece. , is a ring.

Reference numeral 17 indicates a brake shoe 17A relating to a brake operating portion, an inclined surface of the brake shoe 17, 18 a brake cover, 18A an inclined surface of the brake cover 18, and 19.
is a return spring related to the return device, and 20 is a bolt.

Then, the centrifugal piece support 14, centrifugal piece 15 wheel spring 1
Reference numeral 6 relates to a rotating means, and brake case 13, brake cover 18, etc. relate to fixed members.

That is, the braked shaft 8 is passed through a brake case 13, and its extension Q is formed with a straight tooth spline, and the brake wheel 12 is attached to the shaft so as to be substantially non-rotatable but movable in the axial direction.

Further, a centrifugal piece support 14 is fixed to the end of the braked shaft 8.

The outer periphery of the centrifugal piece support 14 has notches formed at equal intervals, and the centrifugal pieces 15 are disposed in these notches.

Each centrifugal piece 15 has a support pin, and a ring spring 16 is passed around the outside of the support pin on both sides of the centrifugal piece support 14, and each centrifugal piece 15 is attached to the bottom of the notch in the centrifugal piece support 14. (4th and 5th)
(see figure).

The brake jib 11 is engaged with a convex portion of the brake case 13 so as to be movable in the axial direction.A spring seat is formed concentrically with the shaft on the brake case 13 corresponding to the brake jib 11i, and a disc is attached here. A spring 10 is attached to make the brake jib 11 elastically retractable.

The brake shoe 17 has a cylindrical shape with a bottom, and the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical portion is the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical portion of the brake cover 18 attached to the brake case 13, and the brake shoe 17 is rotatably connected to the braked shaft 8. The opening end flange of this brake shoe 17 extends outward, and the brake wheel 1 is supported between this flange and the brake jib 11.
2 is interposed.

Further, the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical portion of this brake shoe 11 has a fourth
As shown in the figure, it faces the outer circumferential surface of the centrifugal piece 15, and when the centrifugal piece 15 jumps out due to over-rotation of the braked shaft 8 in the hoist's suspended load unwinding direction, as shown in FIG. The brake shoes 17 are rotated in the same direction by frictional contact between the brake shoes 17.

Further, on the surface of the brake cover 18 facing the flange portions of the brake shoes 17, as shown schematically in FIG.
7A and 18A, and the rotation of the brake shoe 17 causes the brake shoe 17 to move forward relative to the brake wheel 12.

The brake cover 18 is attached to the brake case 13ζ with bolts 20.

Note that the return spring 19 related to the return device will be described later.

In the above configuration, the hoist normally rotates the suspended load rope drum 3 using the electric motor 2 and the main brake device 1 to hoist, lower, and stop the suspended load.

If the main brake device 1 fails and loses its braking force during such cargo handling work (particularly during a braking stop), the suspended load will fall due to its own weight, driving the hoist in the opposite direction.

When the suspended load begins to fall in this way, the rotational speed of the shaft of the electric motor 2 increases, and when it reaches the planned dangerous rotational speed,
As shown in FIG. 5, the centrifugal piece 15 flies outward against the ring spring 16 and comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion of the brake shoe 17.

As a result, the brake shoe 17 rotates while being dragged by the centrifugal piece 15, and moves in the axial direction (the direction of the brake 7 and the two wheels 12') by the action of the inclined surfaces 17A and 18A.

In this way, the brake shoe 17 moves to sandwich the brake wheel 12 and the brake jig 11.

In addition, the brake shoe 17 is dragged and rotated by the frictional force between the collar and the brake wheel 12, so the brake wheel 12 is further pressed and pinched between the brake shoe 11 and the brake shoe 11. Frictional force on the landing surface (
This causes the braked shaft 8 to be braked.

Therefore, in the above configuration, the brake shoe 1
7 is in the rotational direction (because this is free, the brake shoe 17 may come into contact with the brake wheel 12 before reaching the critical rotational speed due to vibrations of the hoist, rotation of the braked shaft 8, etc.), and the brake shoe 17 There was a possibility that the brake shoe 17 would be dragged by the frictional force between the flange 17 and the brake wheel 12 and brake the shaft 8 to be braked.

In addition, due to variations in the force of the wheel spring 16, the centrifugal piece 15 also causes the brake shoe 1 to rotate even at normal rotational speed.
The brake shoe 1 is firmly in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical part 7.
There was a possibility that 7 would have been rotated.

Therefore, as a configuration according to the present invention, the brake shoe 17
A torsional force is applied to the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion of the brake shoe 17 so as to generate a force that rotates the brake shoe 11 in the direction of rotation to release the brake, and a force that keeps the brake shoe 11 away from the brake wheel 12 in the direction opposite to the brake wheel 12. A coiled return spring 19 with a pushing force is attached.

The force of this return spring 19 is
The rotational force of the brake shoe 17 due to the friction between the piece 15 and the cylindrical inner peripheral surface of the brake shoe 17 requires an extremely small force, and accordingly, the other components can be made of ordinary materials, and the surface is smooth. It is also possible to expect a shift in operation.

By installing such a return spring 19, it is possible to obtain a safety brake device 7 that operates accurately without operating the safety brake device 7 unless the braked shaft 8 reaches a dangerous rotational speed. .

In addition, by varying the force in the rotational direction of the return spring 19, the rotational movement of the brake shoe 17 after the centrifugal piece 15 contacts the cylindrical inner circumferential surface of the brake shoe 17 can be made sensitive to insensitivity. It is also possible to change the operating rotational speed of the safety brake device 7.

Furthermore, the rotational force of the return spring 19 or the brake shoe 17
Since the brake shoes 17 are facing in the direction in which they are released, the braking torque during braking is prevented from increasing rapidly, and the safety brake device 7 acts in the direction of reducing the impact when braking. 7 and hoist parts (
This reduces the impact value.

In addition, the safety brake device 7 is located at the most extreme end of the hoist and often collides with other objects, but since the return spring 19 is attached to the outer periphery of the brake shoe 17, the safety brake device 7 is located at the most extreme end of the hoist and collides with other objects. It can absorb shock.

The entire device can be easily incorporated into the brake shaft 8, brake case 13, etc. without requiring any special processing or configuration.

In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiments, explanations have been given regarding things related to the hoist to which the brake device is applied, but the brake device of the present invention can also be applied to the above-mentioned hoist (not only the hoist but also a rotary shaft braking device for a wide variety of equipment). It is a general-purpose item.

Taking all of the above into consideration, according to the present invention,
This invention eliminates the unstable structure of the conventional Q-Komo brake, where it brakes only when necessary, and makes it possible to provide a brake device that operates extremely reliably, and is said to be an invention with excellent practical effects. be able to.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional side view of a hoist to which a brake device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional side view of a brake device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the operating principle of the brake device, and FIGS. 4 and 5 are enlarged schematic cross-sectional views taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 2, respectively. 7... Safety brake device, 8... Braked shaft, 11... Brake valve, 12...
... Brake wheel, 14 ... Centrifugal piece support, 15 ... Centrifugal piece, 17 ... Brake shoe, 18 ... Brake cover, 19 ...・
...Return spring.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A brake actuator is rotated and advanced toward a brake part of a brake target shaft to brake the brake target shaft, and the brake part is provided with a The brake actuator is formed by a brake wheel disposed on the braking shaft and a brake disc disposed on the fixed member side, and the brake actuating portion is supported rotatably and movably in the axial direction on the fixed member side, and A brake shoe is disposed so as to move in the axial direction to bring the brake wheel into contact with the brake disk, and apply a braking force to the braked shaft by the frictional force generated by the contact. a rotation means that rotates when a predetermined speed is reached, and a force that is interposed between the fixed member side and the brake shoe and that is opposite to the rotation of the brake shoe and the resulting axial movement of the brake shoe. A brake device characterized in that it is formed from a coiled return spring that provides a. 2. A brake device according to claim 2, wherein the brake shoe is rotated by a centrifugal movable piece that is associated with a rotating means and operates in correlation with the rotation of the shaft to be braked.