JPS5944282B2 - Low pollution spreading agent - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a novel spreading agent composition that is low-pollution, that is, easily decomposed by microorganisms, does not pollute the environment, and has extremely low toxicity to animals and plants.

Spreading agents are used in agriculture and horticulture when being mixed with chemical solutions when spraying pesticides, and serve to enhance the medicinal efficacy by spreading the chemical solutions uniformly on the surfaces of plants and pests, or allowing them to penetrate inside.

Due to the required performance, a surfactant is used as a main component of the spreading agent, and most of the spreading agents currently on the market are alkylallyl sulfonates or polyoxyethylene alkylallyl ethers.

This is because these surfactants have excellent physical properties such as surface tension, penetrating power, and spreading power, as well as stability with respect to agricultural chemical ingredients and compatibility with the active ingredients and other solvents.

On the other hand, issues of chemical toxicity and environmental pollution are being emphasized.
Various legal regulations are in place for pesticides, and the Agricultural Chemicals Control Law requires that the medicinal efficacy,
Test results regarding drug damage, toxicity, and persistence are required to be recorded, and it is assumed that in the future these regulations will extend not only to the main ingredients of agricultural chemicals, but also to auxiliary agents and spreading agents added to formulations. be done.

The aforementioned alkylaryl sulfonates and polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, which are currently used as spreading agents, do not have the same problems in terms of physical properties as spreading agents, but they have residual properties (so-called biochemical properties) that can be toxic to animals and plants or cause environmental pollution. There are concerns about degradability, etc.

In general, it is recognized that surfactants with better physical properties tend to be more toxic to animals and toxic to plants, and the above-mentioned alkylaryl sulfonates and polyoxyethylene alkyl allyl ethers are no exception.

Furthermore, alkylaryl sulfonates and polyoxydiethylene alkyl allyl ethers are not necessarily easily decomposed by microorganisms due to the structure of their branched alkyl groups or structures having aryl groups.

The present inventor has arrived at the present invention as a result of various studies to develop a low-pollution spreading agent. This invention relates to a spreading agent whose main component is a salt (hereinafter referred to as a predetermined phosphate ester salt).

The specified phosphoric acid ester salt is a so-called soft type surfactant with good biodegradability made from a straight chain alcohol, and also has a phosphoric acid group similar to natural phospholipids. A spreading agent containing this as a main ingredient has extremely little phytotoxicity to animals and plants, and can exhibit physical properties equivalent to conventional products.

On the other hand, since the spreading agent is used in combination with agricultural chemicals, stability against the agricultural chemical substance is important, but the spreading agent of the present invention is particularly resistant to organic phosphorus-based drugs due to the presence of phosphoric acid groups. It shows excellent stabilizing effect.

The predetermined phosphate ester salt is a straight chain alcohol having 4 or more carbon atoms, such as eicosyl alcohol, hexyl alcohol, octyl alcohol, nonyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol,
A nonionic surfactant prepared by adding 2 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide to 1 mole of eicosyl alcohol, ceryl alcohol, crotyl alcohol, flopargyl alcohol, etc. is reacted with phosphorus pentoxide, phosphorus trichloride, etc., and sodium hydroxide, It can be easily obtained by neutralization with basic substances such as alkali metal hydroxides such as potassium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide, and amines such as alkylamines and alkanolamines.

If an alcohol having 4 or less carbon atoms is used as a raw material, an active agent lacking in surface tension and penetrating power will be produced, and alcohols having a branched alkyl or alkenyl group or an aryl group are undesirable due to their lack of biodegradability.

As for basic substances to be neutralized, barium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, etc. are not preferred because the activator becomes insoluble in water.

The predetermined phosphoric acid ester salt used in the present invention is a monoester salt represented by the following general formula [A] or (B)
Particularly preferred are diester salts represented by or a mixture of the two.

(However, in each formula, R is a straight-chain alkyl group or alkenyl group having 4 to 18 carbon atoms, and M is Na or K.

(Ca or (CH2CH20H)3N and n are positive numbers from 2 to 30) In this spreading agent, the specified phosphate ester salt is mixed and used in a range of 35 to 60% by weight, but in this case, other It is also possible to further improve the penetration effect and fixing effect of the spreading agent by using a low-pollution activator such as dioctyl sulfosuccinate or an activator made from a resin fatty acid as a raw material.

Below is an example of the formulation of the spreading agent according to the present invention and based on this formulation.
Examples will be explained in comparison with commercially available spreading agents.

In the formulation examples and examples, parts and % indicate parts by weight and % by weight, respectively.

Formulation Example I Spreading agent consisting of 40 parts of phosphate ester sodium salt of a compound obtained by adding 4 moles of ethylene oxide to C6-1o linear alcohol, 15 parts of methanol, and 45 parts of water Prescription Example 2 9 moles of ethylene oxide to lauryl alcohol Spreading agent formulation example consisting of 40 parts of sodium salt of phosphoric acid ester of added compound, 15 parts of methanol and 45 parts of water 3 Triethanolamine salt of phosphoric acid ester of compound obtained by adding 6 moles of ethylene oxide to C14 linear alcohol Spreading agent formulation example consisting of 50 parts and 50 parts of water 4 45 parts of potassium salt of phosphoric acid ester of a compound obtained by adding 12 moles of ethylene oxide to stearyl alcohol,
Spreading agent formulation example consisting of 15 parts of methanol and 40 parts of water 5 Sodium salt of phosphoric acid ester of a compound obtained by adding 4 moles of ethylene oxide to a C6-2o linear alcohol 37
A commercially available spreading agent consisting of 3 parts of dioctyl sulfosuccinate (Na salt), 15 parts of methanol, and 45 parts of water. 1. A commercially available product consisting of 40 parts of a compound obtained by adding 8 moles of ethylene oxide to nonylphenol, 15 parts of methanol, and 45 parts of water. Spreading agent 1 Commercial product 2 Spreading agent consisting of 40 parts of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid salt, 15 parts of methanol, and 45 parts of water Example 1 Surface tension and penetration were determined for each of Formulation Examples 1 to 5 and Commercial Products 1 to 2. The forces were measured and shown in Table 1.

Incidentally, the surface tension was measured by Dunouy's surface tension meter, and the penetrating force was measured by the felt sedimentation (forced sedimentation) method.

The spreading agent of the present invention exhibits a value equivalent to that of a commercially available product in terms of surface tension, and its penetrating power becomes equivalent to that of a commercially available product by mixing with dioctyl sulfosuccinate (formulation example 5).

Example 2 In order to examine the effects on seedlings, Prescription Examples 1 to 5 and Commercial Products 1 to 2 were sprayed at various concentrations, and the results after 3 days were visually determined.

All test plants were at the time of first true leaf development.

The results are shown in Table 2.

The spreading agent of the present invention clearly has less phytotoxic effect on young plants than commercially available products.

Example 3 The acute toxicity of Prescription Examples 1 to 5 and commercially available products 1 to 2 to the Japanese medaka was measured according to JIS-0102 (acute toxicity test using fish), and the results are shown in Table 3. Table 4 shows the results of measuring the rat acute oral toxicity of the main components of each of Products 1 and 2.

The spreading agent of the present invention has clearly lower acute toxicity to medaka fish than commercially available products, and its acute oral toxicity to rats is also as low as or even lower than commercially available products.

Example 4 The microbial degradability of the main components of Formulation Examples 1 to 5 and Commercial Products 1 to 2 was measured by the following test method.

The results are shown in Table 5. Microbial decomposition test method - BOD5/TOD method: method determined from oxygen consumption after 5 days - TOC method: method determined from the residual amount of TOC (total organic carbon) after 8 days Biodegradation test is based on JIS-3363 Follow the same procedure.

- Cobalt thiocyanate method; conventional method according to JIS-3363 (after 8 days) The spreading agent of the present invention can be said to have extremely better biodegradability than commercially available products.

However, commercially available product 1 also had good so-called primary biodegradation by the cobalt thiocyanate method, that is, biodegradability to the extent that it could be accepted in the environment.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] A low-pollution spreading agent whose main component is a phosphoric acid ester salt of an ethylene oxide adduct of a linear alcohol having 14 or more carbon atoms (hereinafter referred to as a specified phosphoric acid ester salt). 2. If the specified phosphoric acid ester salt is a general formula or CB,
The low-pollution spreading agent according to claim 1, which is a compound represented by: or a mixture of the two. (However, in each formula, R is a linear alkyl group or alkenyl group having 4 to 18 carbon atoms, M is Na, K. Ca or (CH2CH20H)3N, and n is a positive number of 2 to 30.) 3 Penetration The low-pollution spreading agent according to claim 1, which contains dioctyl sulfosuccinate as a sex aid.