JPS59477B2 - Fermentation equipment for fertilizer production - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention The present invention uses animal manure such as livestock manure, poultry manure, and human manure (referred to as single manure in the present invention), or plants containing these as raw materials, and ferments them. The present invention relates to a fermentation device 1 suitable for producing fertilizer.

After the Second Medical War, agriculture tended to rely on chemical fertilizers, which provided various benefits such as improved yields and mechanization of agriculture.

However, in recent years, concerns about food pollution caused by chemical fertilizers have been brought into focus, and it has been pointed out that the large use of chemical fertilizers is the cause of weakening soil fertility. The voices clamoring for the return of Japan are getting louder and louder.

On the other hand, with the westernization of nutritional intake and tastes, the development of the farming industry can be seen, as well as the explosive growth and concentration of the population in urban areas. Important issues are being addressed.

Recognizing this background, there is a growing momentum to use manure as fertilizer, and research is underway, for example, to produce granular compost by aerobically fermenting materials that use manure as the main raw material. However, no satisfactory technology has been provided so far.

Generally, the moisture content of excrement and urine is 80-90% or 9
The coefficient of water is 0 or more, and the water content is extremely high.

Therefore, when such manure is directly subjected to aerobic fermentation treatment, one large-sized fermenter is used to increase the contact efficiency between solids and aerobic bacteria and to maintain sufficient aerobic conditions. It is necessary to provide a stirring device, which makes the manufacturing cost of the fertilizer extremely high, and it also has the disadvantage that the moisture content in the fertilizer becomes too large, reducing the concentration of active ingredients in the fertilizer.

Therefore, according to recent research 1, the moisture content can be reduced to 50-70% by pre-drying or pre-dehydrating the manure, or by adding dried organic materials such as sawdust and rice husks, or dried inorganic materials such as perlite. It is said that it is necessary to adjust the temperature to a certain degree before fermentation.

However, for raw materials whose moisture content has been adjusted by 1, it is impossible to use a conventional turbulent flow stirring device in the fermenter, and the movement or discharge of raw materials within the fermenter is also difficult. Due to the lack of fluidity, there was no choice but to rely on human power and power machines such as shovel loaders.

The present invention has been made with attention to these circumstances, and one of the objectives is to effectively stir raw materials whose moisture content in excrement has been adjusted to about 50 to 70% in a storage fermenter. The present invention aims to provide a fermentation apparatus that can perform a conveying function such as moving or discharging input raw materials within a tank.

The apparatus of the present invention that has achieved the above object is such that the storage fermentation tank for the moisture-adjusted raw material is formed into a long and narrow structure with an open upper part, and the upper part of the fermentation tank has one part that can be moved along the length of the fermentation tank. The agitation roller provided in this agitation device includes a barbed roller that actively rotates one turn across the width direction f of the fermentation tank, and the barbed roller moves up and down inside the fermentation tank (with respect to It is configured so that it can be freely installed and its rotation can be freely adjusted with the running speed of the agitation device to promote the fermentation of excrement in the fermenter and also to move the input raw materials and take out and discharge them. It is made by straining the stool.

The apparatus of the present invention will be explained below based on the drawings, but the figures show specific examples of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the illustrated examples. Therefore, it can be implemented by using other means or by changing the design.

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a fermentation apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along section line 1--2 in FIG. 1, showing a cross section of the fermenter.

FIG. 3 shows a partially cut away cross section along the cutting wire-dish 1 shown in FIG. 1 in the direction of the arrow. is made of concrete or concrete blocks that are long and narrow, with the upper part open, and one end of the structure (the right end in the drawing)
One part forms a discharge door 6 which is an opening/closing door or a weir plate.

In the fermentation tank 1, the water content is adjusted by adding excrement and urine as described above, or the water is dehydrated by pre-drying.
Water with a moisture content of ~70 is added.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a stirring device, and one stirring device 5 is provided so as to be able to run along the fermenter 1. In this example, the stirring device 5 runs along the side wall of the fermenter 1.

That is, the tops of both side walls of the fermenter 1 are provided with support rails 2, 2, and the tops of the support rails 2, 2 are provided with chains 3.
And a running rail 4 is fixedly installed.

The discharge door 6 includes a door plate 8 whose upper end is rotatably supported by a pivot T, and whose lower end is formed along the outer periphery of a barbed roller to be described later. A suitable locking means 1 is used to hold the position shown in FIG. 3, and when the locking means is released, the door is opened. The door is constructed so that the door can be opened with an appropriate resistance by means of one adjustable balance weight 9f.

Therefore, the stirring device 5 is connected to the cutting line IV-IV in FIG.
It is composed of one piece as shown in the enlarged figure.

5 is a plan view of FIG. 4 with some parts omitted, and FIG. 6 is a left side view of FIG. 5.

In these figures, the stirring device 5 is a traveling moving device, a barbed roller 20 constituting the stirring roller, and the barbed roller 2.
It is composed of a rotating device that rotates 0 and raises and lowers 1, and a lifting device.

In FIG. 5, 11.11' is a gear box, and the gear box 11.11' has a cross beam 12 and a holding cylinder 14, each of which is placed one position above the support rails 2, 2 on both sides. One piece is fixed to each other to form a traveling frame.

Therefore, pulleys 30, 30' are attached to the bottoms of the gear boxes 11, 11, respectively, and the pulleys 30, 30' ride on the running rails 4, 41 fixed to the support rails 2, 2#. 'Support.

Therefore, the gear boxes 11, 11' and the holding cylinder 14
A running shaft 13 is provided passing through it, and the running shaft 13 is journalled in each gearbox 11, 11'.

And sprocket wheels 31, 31 are provided at both ends of the sprocket wheels.
This sprocket wheel 31 is fixedly provided.
．． 31 engages chains 3, 3 fixedly attached to the top surfaces of the support rails 2, 2.

Further, the running shaft 13 has a sprocket wheel (not shown) fixed inside the gear box 11, and the sprocket wheel is connected to the transmission 1 attached to the top surface of the gear box 110.
One of the output shafts of No. 5 is connected by a fixed sprocket wheel 34 and a chain 35.

Reference numeral 16 denotes a motor, and the motor 16 is powered by a cord suspended from a curtain rail (not shown) and is connected to the transmission 15.

Therefore, when the motor 16 is activated, the traveling shaft 13 rotates via the transmission 15, and the traveling frame moves along the fermentation tank II.

By switching the rotational direction of the motor, it is possible to move in one free direction.

On the other hand, the barbed roller 20 has a spike mounting seat 21 on its surface.
The spikes 22 are screwed onto the mounting seats 211 to form a freely replaceable spike 22.

The barbed roller 20 forms a pivot at each end thereof, and the pivots are connected to swing levers 19 and 19, respectively.
You will receive 1 piece of entertainment.

Each of the swing levers 19 and 19 is rotatably supported on a protrusion formed on an intermediate wall in the gear box 11, 11', and a pivot shaft 18 passes through the center of the protrusion. be paid for.

The rotary shaft 18 has sprocket wheels 25, 25 (one not shown) fixed to the inside of its protrusion, respectively, and the sprocket wheels 25, 25 and the barbed roller 20
The sprocket wheels 23, 23 provided inside the swing levers 19, 19 at the pivots on both sides of the chain 2
4. Connect in 24.

A sprocket wheel is fixed to the end of the rotary shaft 18 inside the car box 11', and the sprocket wheel is connected to a sprocket wheel 36 fixed to the output shaft 1 of the reduction gear 32 by a chain 3γ.

33 is a morph, and the morph 33 is connected to the speed reduction device 32.

Therefore, the activation 1 of the morph 33 causes the rotation shaft 18 to rotate via the reduction gear 32, and this rotation 1 causes the barbed roller 20 to rotate.

On the other hand, the swing levers 19, 19 are located in the center (jl!
11 continuous rods 26 are fixedly installed and connected to each other, and the continuous rods 26
is connected to the lifting device E approximately at its center.

The lifting device is composed of a hydraulic cylinder 28 and a hydraulic pressure generating device 1γ. One end of the rond fixes the mounting seat 29 and pivotally supports the connecting rod 26.

Then, hydraulic pressure is applied to the hydraulic cylinder 28r from the above-mentioned hydraulic pressure generating device 17 via a conduit (not shown).
Due to the protruding action 1 of the piston, the swing lever 19,1
9 is rotated one turn clockwise in FIG. 4, and the barbed roller 20 is lowered into the fermentation tank 1 by one turn.

Therefore, this device moves the traveling frame into the fermenter 1 by the rotational force direction of the traveling shaft 130 and its rotational speed 1. Believe this and run,
The barbed roller is rotated by one rotation of the rotation shaft 18, and the barbed roller is rotated one rotation in the free direction by a separate drive from the traveling of the traveling frame.

Thus, the barbed roller 20 can be freely raised and lowered during rotation or in a stopped state, and these antibacterial measures can be implemented using a suitable device.

7 and 8 are operational diagrams explaining the working relationship between the barbed roller 20 and the fermented material. In this case, the spike 22 will be inserted and the fermented material will not be sufficiently stirred.

Therefore, the corresponding speed of the barbed roller 20 must be set at an appropriate difference from the traveling speed to provide a stirring action, and these speeds can be appropriately selected depending on the moisture content of the fermented manure (1).

In addition, when putting one raw material into the fermenter 1 and leveling it out, the rotating speed of the barbed roller 20 is set to O or a corresponding speed difference of I is set, and the traveling frame is moved. By raising and lowering the rollers 20, the input raw materials can be leveled and arranged.

Furthermore, the fermented raw material can be discharged by making the corresponding speed of the single barbed roller 20 lower than the moving speed of the traveling frame as described above.

In FIG. 8, the barbed roller 20 is stopped or moved at a very low speed, and the traveling frame is moved one step in the direction of the arrow, thereby moving the raw material B.
It can be taken out from the fermenter 1 by pushing it in the direction of the arrow as shown in .

Further, the amount of these discharged particles can be adjusted by the lifting and falling dust 1 of the barbed roller 20.

Present invention 1 Since this fermentation apparatus is equipped with such a stirring device, aerobic fermentation is of course promoted by the degree of elevation and rotation speed of the barbed roller 20, and the stirring of the fermented material is carried out in a tank of the fermented material. Internal movement can be performed and can be effectively applied.

Also, in this example, the fermenter 1 is configured on a single side and one stirring device is applied to one fermenter, but the fermenter is configured in double rows and one stirring device is applied to each fermenter. It can also be applied.

Figure 9 is a schematic plan view showing an example of this.
1 and 2 respectively indicate fermenters, and each side wall is provided with one support rail 2 as in the previous example.

The discharge door is constructed of stacked weir plates.

The stirring device 5 is constructed in almost the same manner as in the previous example, and the stirring device 5 is mounted on a cart 401.

The trolley 40 is mounted on rails 39, 391 which are disposed perpendicular to the fermenters 1, 1', 1" so that it can run freely, and the top part of the trolley 40 is mounted on a rail stand 4 corresponding to the supporting rails 2, 21.
1 and 41 are fixedly installed to mount the stirring device 5.

Therefore, the rails 41, 41 of the truck 40 are connected to the support rails 2,
If the stirring device 5 is stopped corresponding to step 2, the stirring device 5 can be started or stored, and when starting, stirring or transfer can be performed once as described above.

Incidentally, if necessary, one of these stirring devices may be attached to an overhead carrier, and FIG. 10 shows an example thereof.

That is, the fermenter forms a multi-row tank 38, and overhead rails 44, 44 are provided between the multi-row tanks 38, and the rails 44
, 44, the crane 420 is attached with a traveling device 45, 451 and a beam 43, and the beam 431 suspends and supports the stirring device 5.

The stirring device 5 runs along the beam 431, and the barbed roller moves up and down once within the fermenter, as in the previous example.

Further, the stirring device may be provided on a traveling device configured to be movable across the fermentation tank. FIG. 12 is a side view of the lower part of FIG. 11;

That is, running rails 4, 4 and chain rails 3, 3 are laid along the floor of both measuring sections of the fermenter 1 and along the fermenter 1f.
Pillars 46 and 46 are arranged on the running rails 4 and 4 via one pulley, and a cross beam material is fixed to the top of the pillars 46 and 46,
The cross beam material 1 is provided with a stirring device 5 having the same configuration as in the previous example.

Therefore, between the pillars 46, 46, the traveling devices 47, 47
A driving sprocket wheel of the traveling device 47 is engaged with the chain rail 3 to cause the traveling frame to travel.

As described above, the stirring device 5 used in the apparatus of the present invention can use various holding and traveling means, and these can be adjusted depending on the installation position of the fermenter.
Appropriate holding and traveling means can be used depending on the installation state.

In addition, the stirring device 5 is connected to each gear box 11゜11.
'll An example is shown in which one traveling drive device and one barbed roller rotating device are respectively installed.

It is also possible to install these in one gear box or on the cross beam 12.

Furthermore, although the barbed roller 20 is shown as being raised and lowered by a hydraulic cylinder 28, it may also be raised and lowered by a screw shaft and a rotary morph 1, and these can be implemented by freely changing the design.

Although the traveling frame and the barbed rollers 20 are shown as being actively driven on both sides, depending on the scale of the fermenter, they may be driven on one side.

As described above, in the fermentation apparatus for producing fertilizer of the present invention, the fermentation tank for storing fermented manure and urine is formed into a long and narrow structure with the top open, and the top part of the fermentation tank is provided with a stirring device that can be moved around.

Moreover, this stirring device is equipped with one barbed roller that rotates actively and can be raised and lowered, and the speed of this barbed roller corresponding to the stored fermented material can be adjusted with the running speed of the stirring device. The barbed rollers are used to not only stir the fermented material, but also to level the fermented material and discharge it. This is a product that has been developed to be able to provide inexpensive fertilizer.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing one example of the device of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the section line ■--■ in FIG. 1 in the direction of the arrow. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken in the direction of the arrow along the cutting wire-pane 1 of FIG. 1, with a portion cut away. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along section line IV--IV in FIG. 1, enlarged by one point in the direction of the arrow. FIG. 5 is a plan view of FIG. 4 with a portion cut away. Figure 6 is a left side view of Figure 4, Figures 7 and 8 are operation explanatory diagrams, Figure 9 is a plan view when the stirring device is applied to a multi-row fermenter E, and Figure 10 is the stirring device. Fig. 11 is a plan view showing another embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the lower part of FIG. 11. 1...Fermentation tank, 2...Support rail, 3
...Chain, 4...Travel rail, 5
... Stirring device, 6... Discharge door, 11.
... Gear box, 12 ... Cross beam, 1
3... Traveling axis, 14... Holding cylinder, 15
......Transmission device, 1γ...Hydraulic pressure generator, 1B...Rotation shaft, 19...Swing lever, 20...Barbed Laura, 21...
・Mounting seat, 22...Spike, 23...
・Sprocket wheel, 24...Chain,
25... Sprocket wheel, 26...
...Connection rod, 27...Arm rod, 28...Cylinder, 29...Mounting seat, 30...
Pulley, 31... Sprocket wheel, 32...
...Reducer, 34, 36...Sprocket wheel, 37,35...Chain, 3rd...
...Multi-row tank, 39...Rail, 40...
...Bolly, 41...Rail stand, 42---
--・Crane, 43... Beam, 44...
... Overhead rail, 45 ... Travel device, 46 ... Pillar, 4γ ... Travel device.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A storage fermentation tank formed into a long and narrow structure with an open upper part is provided with a stirring device configured such that one part is movable, and the stirring device f
This is provided with a barbed roller that actively rotates along the length direction f of the fermentation tank and that can be raised and lowered into the fermentation tank, and the barbed roller is driven separately from the traveling drive device of the stirring device. The barbed roller is configured to be rotated by the device, and the speed of the barbed roller corresponding to the stored fermented material is set to be different from the traveling speed of the stirring device to actively discharge the fermented material. Fermentation equipment for fertilizer production featuring: