JPS5948757B2 - Collagen inspection machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a backplate inspection machine that automatically detects missing pages, irregular pages, etc. of books that occur during the bookbinding process in a production line.

Books are usually called folded.

A book is made by folding and stacking printed matter, from several folds to tens of folds, and a rectangular mark, a so-called spine mark, is mainly made in black ink on the spine of each fold. is printed on a different part for each fold. Then, when each fold is collated, the inspector visually inspects the pattern made up of the backing marks and detects missing pages, misaligned pages, etc. based on the differences from the standard pattern. is the current situation. However, as visual inspections by inspectors cannot reliably detect missing pages or misaligned pages, books with missing pages or misaligned pages often appear on the market. It is a well-known fact that there is a label. In addition, there has recently been a strong desire to save labor by automating inspections on production lines. The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and is a mark printed on the spine of each of the first to nth folds of a bundle of book signatures after collation during the bookbinding process. A means for optically detecting a back mark pattern consisting of a set of and converting it into an image signal;
means for converting the code into binary numbers by digitizing and shading, means for logically determining the continuous increase of the binary numbers, means for displaying the result of the logical determination, and converting the collected book signature bundle into the image signal. means for fixedly conveying the book signature bundle to a fixed position for the conversion means, and means for detecting that the collated book signature bundle is in the aforementioned fixed position, the collated book signature bundle in the bookbinding process. The spine marking pattern, which consists of a set of marks printed on the corresponding parts of each spine from the 1st fold to the nth fold, is optically scanned in several lines in the fold direction for one signature. This is a backplate inspection machine that is characterized by being equipped with a means for scanning lines and converting them into television image signals. The present invention provides a backmark inspection machine that automatically detects backmarks.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In Figure 2, the bundle of book signatures 1 after collation in the bookbinding process has completed collation and is about to be transported to the next process such as binding and cover attachment, and is conveyed to the conveyor of the collation machine. It is in a state where it is fixedly conveyed from the terminal end to the main label inspection machine. The bundle of book folds 1 after collation is held by belts 12, 12κ and runs on a glass plate 17.

Belt 12 rotates between rollers 13 and 14 driven by motor 16. belt 12'
VC} is similar, but the direction of rotation is reversed. Idle roller 15 rotates within the belt 12. An idle roller is similarly installed within the belt 11. Reference numeral 25 denotes a position detector for the bundle of folded book sheets 1 after collation, and the output terminal of this position detector 25 is connected to the first input terminal of the camera control unit 20 and the first input terminal of the determination unit 22, as shown in FIG. 1 input terminal and the first input terminal of the strobe power supply 24 .

The second input terminal and the first input terminal group of the camera control unit C 20 are connected to the TV camera 1 installed at a position to optically scan the collated stack of book folds 1 through the glass plate 17.
connected to the output terminal and input terminal group of 9 respectively.
A first output terminal and a second output terminal of the strobe power source 24 are respectively connected to input terminals of strobe light sources 18, 18? It is connected. Further, the first output terminal and the second output terminal of the camera control unit 20 are connected to the monitor 26.
The third output terminal of the camera control unit 20 is connected to the input terminal of the signal processing unit 21. The output terminal of this signal processing unit 21 is connected to the second input terminal of the judgment unit 22, and the judgment unit 422
A first output terminal and a second output terminal of are connected to an input terminal of an abnormality indicator 23 and a second input terminal of a strobe power source 24, respectively. Next, a method of configuring the backing pattern will be explained.

As shown in Figure 1, black marks are printed on the start mark area 2, first bit mark area 3 and end mark area 7 on the first fold 8 of the book fold bundle 1 after collation, and on the second fold On the fourth fold 10, black marks are printed on the start mark area 2, second bit mark area 4, and end mark area 7. A black mark is printed, and in the same way, on each fold, along with the start mark area 2 and end mark area 7, the bit corresponding to the bit that is ``1'' in the number obtained by converting the fold number into a binary number is printed. Print a black mark in the mark area to obtain a collar pattern. To explain the case of 8th fold 11 as an example, it is "8"
If you convert it into a binary number, it becomes "1000", so "1" is set in the fourth bit.

Therefore, a black mark is printed in the fourth bit mark area 6. At this time, since black marks are printed on the start mark area 2 and end mark area 7 on all folds, black marks are printed on the start mark area 2 and end mark area 7 on the eighth fold as well. The reason why black marks are printed in the start mark area 2 and end mark area 7 will be described later. For the sake of simplicity, the above-mentioned spine pattern was formed with 8 folds and the b1 bit mark area was 4 pieces, but when the number of folds increases,
All you have to do is increase the bit mark area. For example, if six bit mark areas are taken, a maximum of 64 folds can be inspected. Therefore, the back mark pattern is not limited to four pit mark areas, and in the following, for the sake of simplicity, a case of eight pit mark areas will be described. Next, we will discuss the operation of this backplate inspection machine. The collated book signature bundle 1 on which the spine pattern obtained as described above is printed is:
The belts 12, 12' run on the glass plate 17 between the VC. At this time, the back mark pattern is on the side of the glass plate 17, but since this back mark pattern is formed by eight folds, if the folds are not aligned and shift, the pattern will be disturbed. . Moreover, if the eight folds are not tightly sandwiched, gaps will be formed between the folds, which will create shadows during photoelectric conversion, and will have an undesirable effect on the determination unit 22 as a noise component. Therefore, idle rollers 15, 15e are attached to the belt 12 to increase the force of pinching the book folded bundle 1 after collation. The belt 12'' is also treated in the same way.The spine pattern of the collated book signature bundle 1 running on the glass plate 17 in this way is reflected by the strobe light source 18 as shown in FIG.
, 18 ← illumination, T. It is scanned by the V camera 19 and converted into an image signal. At this time, the timing of the strobe light source 18, 18'0) and the T. The timing at which the V camera 19 starts scanning is obtained from the position detector 25. In this way, T.
The image signal obtained by the V-camera 19 is sent to the camera control unit 20 after being subjected to correction of γ in photoelectric conversion, correction of shading caused by uneven illumination of the light beam, characteristics of the image pickup tube, etc. It is input to the processing unit 21. Also, from the camera control unit 20, T. V camera 19
It outputs vertical synchronization signals, horizontal synchronization signals, scan start signals, etc. As an example of an image signal subjected to shading correction, γ-correction, etc., a corrected image signal 28 obtained when the second fold 9 is scanned is shown in FIG.

} This corrected image signal 28 is a T. The signal of one horizontal scanning line from the V camera 19 can be observed by the waveform monitor 27. Further, the back mark pattern is converted into a collection of signals such as a corrected image signal 28, and can be observed on a monochrome monitor 26. Next, the signal processing unit 21 will be explained using FIG. 4.

The above-mentioned corrected image signal 28 is processed by the signal processing unit 21,
It is binarized using a threshold level set to an appropriate value, and in the back mark pattern, the part where the above-mentioned black mark is printed becomes a low level, and the other parts become a high level. A signal obtained by binarizing the corrected image signal 28 as described above is a binary signal 29.

When this binary signal 29 is inverted by an inverting circuit,...
The first pulse of each horizontal scanning line corresponds to the black mark printed in the start mark area 2, and the clock signal 30 is generated from the falling timing of this pulse. The clock signal 30 is stopped by outputting a pulse corresponding to the black mark printed in the mark area 7. This clock signal 3
0 allocates the addresses of the bit mark areas 3, 4, 5, and 6 mentioned above on the horizontal scanning line. That is, take the logical product of the inverted signal of the binarized signal 29 and the clock signal 30,
When this logical AND signal 31 is input to the shift register according to the timing of the clock signal 30, the binary number 0010 is stored in the shift register and the encoded signal of the binary number is sequentially input to the determination unit 22. The above-described circuit for generating the clock signal 30, inverting circuit for the binary signal 29, AND circuit, etc. are included in the signal processing unit 21. The above example was when the second fold 9 was scanned, but in the same way, when the first fold 8 was scanned, the shift register in the signal processing unit 21 contained 000 in binary.
1, and when the fourth fold 10 is scanned, it is stored as 0100 in binary. The same applies to each occasion below.

Next, a determination unit 22 determines whether pages are missing or out of order based on a signal obtained by encoding the image signal of the spine pattern for each horizontal scanning line.
Explain the logic of

That is, the black marks printed in the start mark area 2, end mark area 7, and each bit mark area 3, 4, 5, and 6 are printed so that about 5 horizontal scanning lines can be inserted into them.
Black mark dimensions, T. The number of scanning lines of the V camera 19 and the T.
The lens f etc. of the V camera 19 are set. This is book signature bundle 1 and T. after collation. This is to allow a certain degree of tolerance for deviation in the rotational direction in the relative position of the V camera 19, and to avoid being affected by the gap between the folds. Due to this deviation, for example, when the second fold 9 is scanned with only one scanning line, the encoded signal output from the shift register of the signal processing unit 22 may not be 0010. Therefore, as mentioned above, the number of scanning lines scanned at one time is 5.
The majority vote is taken using encoded signals of 5 scanning lines.
If the most common encoded signal is taken as a representative value, it is possible to tolerate a certain degree of rotational deviation. Also, when scanning a gap that appears between two folds, there is no pulse generated by the black marks printed in the start mark area 2 and end mark area 7, so the signal of the scanning line that scans this gap is It is canceled by the signal processing unit 22, but even if a pulse due to noise happens to occur at the same timing as a pulse generated by the black mark printed in the start mark area 2 and end mark area 7, the above-mentioned majority vote will not be applied. By creating a circuit,
It is effective against such noise. Now, T. Since the V-camera 19 scans the collation pattern sequentially from the first fold 8 to the eighth fold 11, as mentioned above, the representative value determined by majority of the encoded signals written in the shift register is 1 pit from 0001 to 1000. It increases in increments. Therefore, by monitoring whether or not this representative value increases in increments of 1 bit, it is possible to detect missing pages and misaligned pages. For example, if the second fold 9 is missing, 0011 is next to 0001.
is detected and 0010 is omitted, so it is detected as a failure, and when the first fold 8 and the eighth fold 11 are collated in reverse, that is, when misprinting occurs, the order of occurrence is out of order, so it is detected as a failure, Fourth
Even in the case of an incorrect page where two folds of 10 are inserted, 0100 comes next to 0100, so it is detected as a failure. Also, book signature bundle 1 and T. after collation. Regarding the relative positional deviation with the V camera 19, regarding the address deviation of each bit mark area 3, 4, 5, 6 due to the relative positional deviation in the direction parallel to the scanning line, the start mark area 2 and the end mark Since addresses are assigned to each scanning line based on the pulse corresponding to the black mark printed in area 7, even if a relative positional shift occurs, the pulse corresponding to the above-mentioned reference and each bit mark area 3, 4, 5 , 6 is not affected because it does not deviate from the pulse corresponding to the black mark printed on it.

Regarding the relative positional deviation in the vertical direction with respect to the scanning line,
T. If the collation pattern does not protrude from the V screen, even if the relative position shifts, the pulses generated corresponding to the black marks printed in the start mark area 2 and end mark area 7 are set as a reference and encoded as described above. Since it is generating a signal, it is not affected. For this reason, T. When scanning the D back mark pattern with the V camera 19, a certain amount of margin is provided in the direction perpendicular to the scanning line. When a missing page or a disordered page is detected due to the above-mentioned layout, an abnormal signal is output from the determination unit 22 to the display unit 23, and a buzzer or the like is used to display a message indicating that a page is missing or a disorderly page.

Further, a determination completion signal is output from the determination unit 22 to the strobe power source 24, and in conjunction with a position detection signal from the position detector 25, the strobe light sources 18, 18b light emission timing is created. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and can also be applied to patterns other than the spine pattern shown in FIG. 1 by changing the logic of the determination unit 22. A device similar to that can be constructed.

Also, regarding photoelectric converters, T. Of course, it is possible to use a line scanner or the like in addition to the V camera.

As described in detail above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a backing plate inspection machine that automatically detects missing pages, misaligned pages, etc. that occur during the bookbinding process in a production line.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a front view of the marking pattern, Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the conveyance section, Fig. 3 is a block diagram, and Fig. 4 is a front view of the marking pattern. It is a time chart. 1...Bundle of book signatures, 2...Start mark area, 3, 4, 5, 6...Bit mark area, 7...End mark area ,12,1
2'-...Belt, 17...Glass plate,
18, 18'-... Strobe light source, 19...
...T. V camera, 20... Camera control unit, 21... Signal processing unit, 22...
...Judgment unit, 24... Strobe power supply, 2
8...Corrected image signal, 29...Binarized signal, 30...Clock signal, 31...
・Logical product signal.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Means for optically detecting a pattern and converting it into a television image signal, means for binarizing and shading correcting the image signal and code conversion processing into binary numbers, and continuous increase of the above binary numbers. means for logically determining the pattern, means for displaying the result of the logical determination, and means for converting into the image signal, means for fixedly conveying the pattern to a fixed position, and means for detecting that the pattern is at the fixed position. In the backplate inspection machine, the 1st to nth folds of a bundle of book signatures after collation during the bookbinding process are
A spine pattern consisting of a set of marks printed on the corresponding parts of each spine up to the fold is optically scanned with several scanning lines in the direction of the fold for one signature to generate a television image signal. A collation inspection machine characterized by comprising a means for converting into. 2. 1st to nth folds of a bundle of book folds after collation in the binding process
The marks to be printed on the corresponding part of each spine up to the fold are printed in the start mark area and end mark area common to each fold, and in the bit mark area between the two that identifies each fold, and the bit mark area. 2. The collation inspection machine according to claim 1, wherein is a mark printed using a binary code.