JPS5949867B2 - Diamond blade for cutting stone etc. - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The intense noise generated when cutting stones, concrete products for building materials, etc. using a diamond blade is 10
Since the noise level reaches over 0 dB(A), it not only causes a nuisance to households near the work site, but also causes noise during the work.
Workers are not even able to have necessary conversations with each other.

The impact of noise on neighboring houses can be alleviated by applying soundproofing to the walls of the factory building, but regarding noise within the workshop, a tip is attached to the outer periphery of the blade, and the tip is cut into the mating material. Since the noise is caused by the impact caused by the cutting of stones, etc., it is an unavoidable phenomenon, and no measures have been taken to alleviate the noise in the workplace. It has been abandoned until today without being able to grow a tree.

With regard to noise during work, working long hours every day in a high-level noisy environment can lead to hearing impairment, so international standards have been established regarding allowable working hours to prevent this type of disability from occurring. According to this standard, the above-mentioned 100 dB (A) condition is the worst condition, and if such standards were strictly implemented, it would be possible to continue working in most workplaces. It will not be done.

Permissible working hours for noise for habitual exposure International standard noise level dB (A) Allowable working hours 7 weeks 90
40 95 20 100 10 105 5 110 Noise during unauthorized work occurs because the impact when the chips on the outer periphery of the blade cut into the mating material occurs with a frequency equal to the value of the multiplicative product of the number of chips and the peripheral speed of the blade. However, the sound is a combination of the impact sound at this time and the reverberation induced in the board by the impact and based on the natural vibration of the board.

Therefore, in order to reduce this noise, methods are needed to reduce the impact sound, and to reduce the amount of impact energy transmitted to the board in order to reduce the magnitude of reverberation based on the natural vibration of the board induced within the board. It is necessary to implement a method, a method of rapidly attenuating the reverberation, etc., and the present invention is directed to the above three
This invention relates to a diamond blade for cutting stones, etc., which is made by combining various methods.

When a diamond blade according to the present invention was used to cut stone, etc., the cutting speed was 100 dB(A) to 1 i 0 dB(A) using a conventional diamond blade.
) It was found that the noise level was reduced to 83 dB (A) to 95 dB (A) under the same working conditions as when the noise level was shown.

This level of noise is comparable to the noise level in general manufacturing plants, and workers can easily communicate with each other through conversation, and workers are easily affected by hearing impairment. The freedom from worry is obvious.

The noise during work is the impact sound from the cutting edge of the chip,
The sound is synthesized by superimposing the reverberation induced in the board by this impact, and the above impact sound can be reduced by improving the sharpness, but the reverberation is the secondary sound induced by the impact. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the noise by suppressing its occurrence or accelerating its attenuation.

A method for reducing impact sound and a method for suppressing the occurrence of reverberation will be described later, so a method for accelerating reverberation attenuation will be described first.

If you hit the blade of a stone cutting machine when it is not operating, the reverberation will continue for a while, but if you just touch the blade in this state, the reverberation will quickly decay.

In the method of the present invention, as a method of accelerating the attenuation of the reverberation of the blade during operation, a width of 10 ml to 50 ml is placed on the side surface of the board.
Provide one annular groove with a depth of 0.5 to 2.0 mm, or arrange several grooves concentrically, and at the bottom of the groove, a width of 60 times or more of the groove width. A blade is made by adhering a conventional chip to a substrate made by bonding a metal plate with a thickness of 0.1 x m to 1.5 m using double-sided adhesive, and as a result of experiments, noise reduction was achieved. It was found to be very effective.

Furthermore, it is clear that reducing the magnitude of reverberation itself would help reduce noise, so as a countermeasure, we developed two methods to suppress the amount of impact energy transmitted to the board.

The first is to improve cutting quality and reduce cutting resistance when the insert makes a cut into the other party, thereby reducing the power consumed by the tip edge for cutting and reducing cutting impact noise. This method also reduces the amount of impact energy transmitted to the substrate.The second method is to absorb the vibrational impact energy generated when the chip cuts into the chip itself, and convert it into thermal energy and dissipate it. A method of reducing the amount of impact energy transferred to the substrate.

These methods are explained in the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a front view showing a part of the blade of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a schematic BB cross-sectional view of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a plan view of a conventional chip (view A), and Fig. 4 is an impact A plan view of an energy absorbing chip, FIG. 5 is a partial front view of the chip shown in FIG. 4 fixed to the outer periphery of a substrate, FIG. 6 is a plan view of a different type of impact energy absorbing chip from FIG. 4, FIG. 7 is a plan view of a trapezoidal tip with improved sharpness.

In FIG. 7, reference numeral 1 indicates a front view of the chip, in which the substrate 2 is a rectangular chip similar to that used for conventional blades, and 3 shows a state in which a metal plate is crimped into a groove 4 provided on the side surface of the blade.

In Figure 2, 1 is the cross section of the substrate, 2 is the cross section of the chip, and 3 is the cross section of the chip.
, 3' indicate metal plates crimped onto the bottoms of the grooves 4, 4'.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the tip shown in FIG. 1, which is the same size as a conventional rectangular blade tip.

FIG. 4 shows a three-section impact energy absorbing tip having the same external dimensions as the conventional tip shown in FIG. 32.

The front and rear ends 5, 5' of this chip are diamond layer pieces, and the middle part 6 is a non-diamond layer piece.

These two types of small pieces are each formed by cold molding, assembled into a predetermined length, and then sintered to form a chip, the details of the composition of which will be described later.

FIG. 5 is a schematic front view showing a state in which this chip is placed with the chip 2 on the substrate shown in FIG. 1.

Figure 6 shows the total length of the chip divided into five parts, and the front and rear ends 7, 7.
' and the center part 7'' are diamond layer pieces, and the middle part of these diamond layer pieces is a non-diamond layer piece 8.
, 8', the overall dimensions are as shown in Fig. 3.
It is the same as the conventional chip shown in .

The above-mentioned diamond layer pieces and non-diamond layer pieces are both cold-formed to the required length, aggregated to a specified length, and then sintered to form chips. The details of the pieces will also be described later.

Figure 7 shows a trapezoidal tip with improved sharpness, which has the same volume as the conventional rectangular tip shown in Figure 3 and 2, and the total amount of diamond abrasive grains contained, but the distribution of diamond abrasive grains is
As shown in Fig. 2, there is a case where the whole is made uniform, and
, As shown in Figure 6, there are cases where the chip is composed of a diamond layer part and a non-diamond layer part, but the shape of the chip is trapezoidal as shown in 9 in plan view, and the chip is fixed to the outer periphery of the substrate. The trapezoidal wall of the first chip 1
0 and 10' are on the left side, and the trapezoidal walls 11 and 11' of the second chip are on the right side.

12 indicates the direction of movement of the chip.

Now that the structure of the blade of the present invention has been clarified, details of the tension will be explained.

As explained above, there are three types of noise reduction methods.The first method is to rapidly attenuate the reverberation induced in the substrate by the impact at the tip of the chip, and the second method The third method is to reduce the thickness of the reverberation itself by reducing the amount of impact energy transmitted to the substrate.

The first method will be explained below.

In a step prior to developing the method of the present invention, we experimented by making a blade with a thin metal plate crimped to the entire side of the board, and as a result, we were able to achieve a noise reduction effect. It was found that the metal plate was easily worn out, so in order to prevent the metal plate from wearing out, a groove was made on the side of the board, a metal plate was buried in the groove, and a blade was made by crimping.As a result of the test, the entire board It was found that the effect was comparable to that obtained by crimping a metal plate to the side surface.

The most effective metal plate was a hardened stainless steel plate, followed by a brass plate, and the poorest result was a lead plate.

This means that good results are obtained when a material with a high elastic modulus is used as the metal plate.

Next, we will discuss the adhesive used to press the metal plate to the groove bottom.

The adhesive used in carrying out the present invention was made by impregnating both sides of a core material made of textile fabric, paper non-woven fabric, etc. with an adhesive liquid that does not lose its adhesive properties at all times. It was an adhesive.

The reason for using double-sided adhesive is that if the metal plate is crimped to the bottom of the groove using adhesive only, the adhesive will flow out during crimping, resulting in an extremely thin adhesive layer. This is because the noise reduction effect is lost as the material vibrates together with the metal plate.If double-sided adhesive is used, only the minimum thickness of the core material remains when the metal plate is crimped, and the thickness of the core material is reduced. By using textured woven fabric, paper non-woven fabric, etc., minute vibrations are absorbed in this core material layer, and the vibrations are attenuated by the time they reach the metal plate to be crimped. The fine vibrations transmitted by the metal plate are canceled by the high elasticity of the metal plate, so the attenuation of reverberation is significantly promoted.

In this case, a material with low elasticity, such as a lead plate, has a low ability to repel transmitted micro-vibrations, so it is thought that it was not very useful in rapidly attenuating reverberation.

The chips fixed on the outer periphery of the grooved blade used in the above test were the same as the conventional ones, with a rectangular planar shape as shown in Figure 3, and a homogeneous layer of diamond abrasive grains as a whole. It was formed.

In the above state, a groove is simply formed on the side surface of the substrate of a conventional diamond blade, and a metal plate is crimped inside the groove, and even in this state, the noise level is lower than the conventional 100 dB.
We were able to achieve results that were lowered to (A).

From the above explanation, it has been found that accelerating the attenuation of reverberation based on self-vibration induced within the board by the impact energy transmitted from the chip part is effective in reducing noise. From the perspective that if the amount of the chip can be reduced, the thickness of the reverberation will be further reduced, and the reduction in noise will be even more certain, the first method is to reduce the impact when the chip cuts into the other We have developed a method to allow the chip itself to absorb some of the energy.

As explained in the explanation of Figs. 4.5 and 6, the chip of the present invention is composed of a diamond layer piece and a non-diamond layer piece, and the non-diamond layer piece has a grain size of 2.
Coat copper, copper alloy, or other metal powder thinner than 00 US mesh in a ratio of 70 to 95 weight parts, and coat 50 weight parts of graphite powder with a particle size smaller than 200 US mesh at a ratio of 50 weight parts. powder 30
A commercially available mixture of powders with weight ratios to 5 weight ratios is solidified into a predetermined size by cold molding.

The chips of the present invention are arranged and stacked so as to be sandwiched between one (Fig. 4), two (Fig. 6), or a plurality of non-diamond layer fragments made in this manner. It is made by sintering.

In this way, the chip of the present invention has a structure containing graphite particles, and this type of structure responds to periodic vibrational external forces by converting the vibrational energy applied to this part into thermal energy due to the internal friction of the structure. This principle also explains why machines made using spheroidal graphite cast iron are quiet during operation.

Since the chip of the present invention also contains graphite particles, part of the impact energy applied to the chip is converted into thermal energy and dissipated, which is then absorbed within the chip itself, reducing the amount of impact energy transmitted to the substrate. Therefore, it is thought that the thickness of the reverberation will become smaller and the noise level will also decrease.

Next, the diamond layer pieces constituting the chip of the present invention will be described.

As mentioned above, the chip of the present invention divides the entire length into several sections,
Although the tip is composed of a plurality of diamond layer pieces and one or more non-diamond layer pieces, in the chip of the present invention, the diamond abrasive grain content of each diamond layer piece is The total amount is the same as the diamond content in the conventional chip, and the thickness of the diamond abrasive grains is changed to 60 US mesh, whereas the conventional chip uses a 30 US mesh to 40 US mesh. A finer abrasive grain than mesh was used.

That is, in the chip of the present invention, by making a part of the non-diamond layer small pieces, the volume of the part containing diamond abrasive grains is significantly reduced compared to the conventional chip, for example, as shown in Fig. 4. When the whole is divided into three equal parts, there are two diamond layer small pieces, and the volume of that part is 2/3 of the volume of a conventional tip, so the diamond abrasive grain content in that part is 3/3. 2, or 1.5 times that of conventional chips.

Diamond layer small piece part 3 where the whole was divided into 5 equal parts in the same way
The total volume of the diamond layer pieces in the type of chip shown in Figure 6, which consists of two non-diamond layer pieces, is 315 in the conventional chip, so the diamond abrasive grain content in that part is 5. /3 or 1.6 of conventional chips
It has increased six times.

This high content means that the distribution of diamond abrasive grains in that area is dense, and on the other hand, reducing the thickness of the abrasive grains also makes the distribution of diamond abrasive grains denser. .

This means that the cutting edge of the chip has improved cutting quality, and if the cutting quality improves, the power required for the cutting edge of the chip to cut will also decrease.

Therefore, when using the tip of the present invention, absorption of impact energy occurs due to the interposition of the non-diamond layer, and power consumption is reduced due to improved sharpness, and the amount of impact energy transmitted to the substrate is reduced. Therefore, the thickness of the reverberation induced in the substrate becomes smaller, contributing to noise reduction.

For information on how to maintain a sharp cutting edge by making the distribution of diamond abrasive grains denser to increase the cutting edge of the tip, please refer to the following.
As explained in detail in the previous section, the shape of the chip in this case is a chip with a rectangular plan view, the same shape as a conventional chip, as shown in Figure 4.6. Ta.

An improvement in cutting quality was observed with this method, but from the perspective that cutting quality could be further improved by making the tip of the tip more acute.
We decided to make the planar shape of the chip into a trapezoid and take advantage of the fact that the base angle of the trapezoid is acute.

In general, stone is a combination of small crystals or sand grains, but since there is no substance between each particle that acts to bind each particle, if a local impact is applied, that part will be damaged. small cracks easily occur, making it susceptible to collapse.

Since the tip of the present invention has an acute angle, the relationship with the opponent at the moment of cutting into the opponent is in a state of point contact.
At that moment, most of the motor's output is concentrated in this one point, and a beautiful destructive force is exerted, causing many cracks to form near the cut, making it easy to collapse, and then the chip itself will collapse into that area. Very little power is required as the cutting progresses as the cutting progresses.

This means that the tip of the conventional chip is rectangular,
There is a large difference in the power consumption at the start of cutting when the contact with the other party is in a line contact state during cutting, which means that the cutting quality of the insert is significantly improved.

As mentioned above, the chip of the present invention consumes less power and the amount of impact energy transmitted from the chip to the board is also small, so the reverberation induced in the board becomes smaller and the noise level is further reduced. Become something.

It is clear that the noise reduction efficiency is further improved when using a tip consisting of a diamond layer and a non-diamond layer as described in the previous section (as shown in FIGS. 4 and 6).

As is clear from the above description, the present invention relates to a method of suppressing intense noise during cutting work of stone, etc. to below the noise level of 95aB(A) in a normal machine factory, By using a substrate for the blade of the present invention with grooves on its side surface and a thin metal plate crimped into the grooves, reverberations induced in the substrate due to impact vibrations transmitted from the chip can be suppressed. Reduce the noise level by accelerating the attenuation, use a tip with a non-diamond layer to absorb some of the impact energy, or use a trapezoidal tip to take advantage of the sharp angle at the tip of the trapezoidal wall. The invention relates to a method for improving cutting quality and reducing the amount of impact energy transferred from the chip to the substrate, thereby ensuring noise reduction, the present invention helps to solve the noise pollution problem and improves the cutting quality of the chip. We believe that this technology will make a great contribution to the development of industry by making it possible to protect employees from hearing impairment.

Example 1 (Dimensions are in mm) Cutting material Rock stone blade substrate Outer diameter 508 mm (20' board thickness 3.5 Number of chips 35 Number of grooves 1 Groove dimensions Width x depth 20 x O, 5 Metal crimped in the groove Plate material Stainless steel (quenched) Dimensions Width x Thickness 20 x O, 4 Adhesion method Crimp tip on the bottom of the groove using double-sided adhesive tape Length x Width x Thickness 35 x 8 x 4.5 Chip configuration 1 small piece of non-diamond layer each 1 small piece of diamond layer Front and rear ends 1 each Shape Rectangular test results Conventional blade of the present invention Blade noise V □ ) i'100-110 83-85 dB (
A) Noise reduction amount 17-25 dB (A) Example 2 (Dimensions are shown in mm) Cutting material Rock stone blade substrate Outer diameter 406 (16l') Substrate thickness 2.5 Number of chips 38 Number of grooves 1 Groove dimension width x Depth 20 x 0.5 Metal plate material crimped in the groove Stainless steel plate (quenched) Dimensions Width x Thickness 20 x 0.4 Adhesion method Crimp tip using double-sided tape Length x Width x Thickness 38 x 7 x 3.5 Chip composition Overall homogeneous Diamond layer shape Trapezoidal test results Conventional blade of the present invention Blade noise'□)k 110-120 95-100aB
(A) Noise reduction amount 15-20

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1, partial front view, Fig. 2, BB cross-sectional schematic diagram, Fig. 3,
4, a plan view of the chip; FIG. 5, a partial front view of a blade using the chip shown in FIG. 4; FIG. 6, a plan view of another type of chip similar to that shown in FIG. 4; FIG. A plan view of its arrangement. 1...Substrate, 2...Conventional rectangular chip, 3゜3'...Grooves 4, 4' provided on the side of the board
Metal plate crimped to 4, 4'...Groove provided on the side of the substrate, 5, 5'...Small pieces of diamond layer placed on the front and rear ends of the chip, 6...・Small pieces of non-diamond layer placed in the center of the chip, 7, 7', 7"...
...Small diamond layer piece, 8°8'...Small non-diamond layer piece, 9...Trapezoidal chip, 10,
10'... Front and rear ends of the preceding chip, 11°11
′... Front and rear ends of the succeeding chip, 12...
- Direction of chip movement.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of combination chips each consisting of diamond layer pieces and non-diamond layer pieces arranged alternately on the outer periphery of a plate substrate are fixed to the front and back sides of a segment type blade substrate. A ring-shaped metal plate having a thickness of 0.1 mm to 1.5 mm is fixed to the bottom of one or more grooves provided on both sides using double-sided adhesive. Diamond blade for cutting stone, etc. 2. The total amount of diamond abrasive grains contained in the plurality of diamond layer pieces constituting one chip described above is equal to the amount of diamond abrasive grains contained in a conventional chip,
The non-diamond layer pieces are made by mixing 5 to 30 parts of metal-coated graphite powder and 95 to 70 parts of copper or other metal powder, and the above-mentioned diamond layer pieces and non-diamond pieces are: Stones, etc. described in claim 1 using chips made by cold forming into a predetermined shape and dimensions, sequentially stacking them alternately to form a predetermined chip shape, and then sintering the chips. Diamond blade for cutting.