JPS5950028B2 - solar heat collector - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a completely new solar heat collector that does not require any special heat exchange processing on the heat receiving part.

A conventional flat plate heat collector will be explained using FIG. 1.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a transparent film that transmits solar heat, and is fixed to the upper surface of the outer frame 2 with a presser metal fitting 3.

A bottom plate 4 is attached to the lower surface of the outer frame 2.

A heat collecting plate 5 is provided on the inner surface of the outer frame 2 between the permeable membrane 1 and the bottom plate 4.

A plurality of water channels 6 are formed in the heat collecting plate 5 in order to transfer the collected heat to a heat medium liquid such as water.

A heat insulator 7 made of glass wool or the like is installed under the heat collecting plate 5.

Therefore, the solar heat absorbed by the heat collecting plate 5 is transferred to the heat medium liquid in the water channel 6, and this heat medium liquid is recovered by other means and used as energy for hot water supply and air conditioning.

However, with this type of heat collector, (1) the processing to form the water channels is extremely difficult and cannot be manufactured in large quantities;

For example, a manufacturing method that sequentially performs the steps of contouring, press working, temporary welding, memetic welding, heating medium inlet/outlet welding, painting pretreatment, and painting is used.

There are other ways to form waterways, such as roll bonding and roll forming, but both are special processing methods that are time-consuming.

Naturally, this is a factor in increasing costs.

(2) If the heat collecting plate 5 is made of two metal plates stacked on top of each other, the pressure resistance of the water channel portion is poor.

(3) Naturally, the total length of the water channel is very long, and therefore the loss resistance due to the flow of the heat medium is large, and a high-output pump such as a circulation pump is required.

Conventionally, there have been these problems, and an immediate improvement has been desired.

The present invention eliminates the drawbacks of the prior art.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4 of the accompanying drawings.

1 is a permeable membrane similar to that shown in FIG.

Reference numeral 9 denotes a heat receiving plate, which is fixed so as to be located in the center of the space between the outer box 8 and the permeable membrane 1.

The heat receiving plate 9 may be a metal plate made of iron or the like and subjected to a selective absorption film or other absorption treatment.

The spaces partitioned by this heat receiving plate 9 are referred to as a high temperature room 10 and a low temperature room 11.

Furthermore, since the heat receiving plate 9 is dimensionally smaller than the outer box 8, an upper communication port 12 and a lower communication port 13 are formed as shown in FIG. can be circulated.

Further, a heat exchanger 14 is provided near the upper communication port 12.

The heat exchanger 14 is a fin-type heat exchanger that is normally used for heating and cooling purposes.

The heat exchanger 14 is attached to the outer box 8 so that the heat medium liquid passes through one wall of the outer box 8 and flows in, and flows out through the ground wall.

Next, to explain the present invention in detail, first, sunlight hits the transparent film 1.

The transparent film 1 transmits 90% or more of sunlight.

The sunlight that has passed through the transparent film 1 hits the surface of the heat receiving plate 9.

This surface has been treated with an absorption treatment, so it absorbs sunlight.

When sunlight is absorbed, the temperature of the heat receiving plate 9 itself increases.

The air in the high temperature room 10 receives heat from the heat receiving plate 9, and the air temperature rises.

As the temperature rises, the specific gravity of the air decreases, creating a difference in specific gravity between the air in the high temperature chamber 10 and the low temperature chamber 11.

Therefore, the high temperature air in the high temperature room 10 rises and the heat exchanger 1
Reach 4.

The heat exchanger 14 absorbs heat from this high temperature air because the internal heat transfer liquid is at a low temperature.

After heat exchange, the air becomes colder and has a higher specific gravity, so it falls.

If solar radiation is obtained, the internal air flows into the high temperature chamber 10, the heat exchanger 14, the low temperature chamber 11. The circulation by natural convection is repeated sequentially to the high temperature chamber 10.

In this way, the temperature of the heat medium liquid in the heat exchanger 14 is increased.

Furthermore, the cross-sectional area of the upper communication port 12 is made larger than that of the lower communication port 13 so that natural circulation can occur more smoothly.

Since air that has not been heated naturally undergoes volumetric expansion and has greater circulation resistance than low-temperature air, this is prevented by increasing the area.

Furthermore, in order to further increase the natural convection force, it is sufficient to increase the temperature difference between the air in the high temperature room 10 and the low temperature room 11.

As one means for this, a heat insulating layer 15 is provided on the back surface of the heat receiving plate 9 as shown in FIG.

In this way, no matter how much the temperature of the heat receiving plate 9 rises, the temperature of the air in the cold room 11 will not rise.

Furthermore, if the heat receiving plate 9 is provided with groove-like unevenness, the contact area will be increased, and the convection force can be further increased.

The solar heat collector of the present invention does not collect the received heat using a heat medium liquid like the water channels of a conventional heat collecting plate, but instead collects the heat using air, so the length of the heat exchanger can be significantly shortened. The loss resistance can be reduced, and the heat exchanger can be of the fin-tube type, so the pressure resistance performance is also very good.

Furthermore, in the present invention, by maintaining a large temperature difference between the high temperature chamber and the low temperature chamber and increasing the contact area, a strong natural convection effect can be produced, resulting in high efficiency.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a conventional solar heat collector, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional perspective view of main parts showing a solar heat collector in an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the same, and Fig. 4 is a FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention. 1... Permeable membrane, 8... Outer box, 9...
... Heat receiving plate, 10 ... High temperature chamber, 11 ...
...Cold room, 12...Upper communication port, 13...
... lower side communication port, 14 ... heat exchanger, 15.
...Insulation layer.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A heat receiving plate that absorbs solar heat and raises the temperature is installed inside the outer box with a transparent membrane on the top surface, and the air layer of the upper high temperature room and lower low temperature room separated by the heat receiving plate is Each is connected to enable convection circulation, and a fin-type heat exchanger for heating the internal liquid is disposed in this communication portion, and the heat receiving plate has a plurality of groove-like unevenness toward both communication portions, A heat insulating layer is formed on the back side, and this heat receiving plate has a permeable membrane, so that the outflow cross section is larger than the inflow cross section to the high temperature chamber.
A solar heat collector placed at a moderate angle to the outer box to increase the natural convection effect.