JPS5950906B2 - How to use low-quality energy through heat of solution - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] In recent years, it has become common practice to recover heat that is continuously emitted at relatively high temperatures in various industries and use it for various purposes. It is difficult to utilize the waste heat generated by the plant, especially low-temperature waste heat, so it is often left unused.

The present invention mainly utilizes unused waste heat such as low-temperature exhaust gas and thermal waste water in the steel industry, etc., to reduce the heat generated by the dissolution of a fluid that is exothermic and has a boiling point at a low temperature in a solvent. The present invention relates to a method for repeatedly and effectively using a mixed liquid of the fluid and a solvent by distilling and separating the fluid and the solvent using the unused waste heat.

Therefore, it is easier to apply the present invention to the continuous recovery of waste heat at high temperatures.
Applications are also within the scope of the invention.

Note that the present invention is also applicable to the case where one or both of the dissolution exothermic fluid and the solvent is used to preheat using the exhaust heat or other heat source as necessary.

In addition to the above-mentioned waste heat, natural power such as surplus electricity or solar heat can also be used for the above separation and preheating of the exothermic soluble fluid and solvent. Define it like this.

"Low-quality energy" refers to various forms of waste heat in various industrial fields, natural heat such as solar heat and geothermal heat, surplus electricity, cold waste heat such as when vaporizing liquefied gas, cold heat such as ice and snow, and cold air.
Collectively defines energy that is relatively low-density and scattered, such as wave power, tidal power, wind power, and other natural forces.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described using water as a solvent to recover and utilize waste gas of about 200°C or less or thermal wastewater of about 100°C or less that is emitted in large quantities during manufacturing processes such as pig iron making, steelmaking, and rolling in the iron industry. First, FIG. 1 will be described, taking as an example a case in which:

1 is a water tank, 2 is water stored therein and used as a solvent, 3 is a delivery pipe, 4 is an ice delivery pump, and 5 is a heat exchange pipe stored in the heat exchanger 19.

6 is a delivery pipe from 5, and 7 is a nozzle that atomizes the hot water delivered from 6.

39 is a water return pipe, and 39' is a valve.

8 is a working fluid storage tank, and 9 is a working fluid stored therein, which has a strong exothermic solubility and a boiling point at a low temperature, and has a high solubility in the solvent, which is water in this case, and is toxic. It is free from corrosion and other dangers, and is low-cost and can be used in large quantities industrially.

Although it is easy to use a working fluid with a boiling point of 100°C or less, it is also applicable to a working fluid with a boiling point of over 100°C.

According to the inventor's research and experiments, for example, acetaldehyde, dimethylamino, methanol, ethanol, acetone ammonia, etc. meet the above conditions.

10 is a delivery pipe from the tank 8, 11 is a working fluid delivery pump, and 12 is a heat exchange pipe stored in a heat exchanger 19.

13 is a delivery pipe from 12, and 14 is a nozzle for ejecting the working fluid from 12.

40 is a return pipe for the working fluid, and 40' is a valve.

15 is a waste heat source such as thermal waste water or low temperature exhaust gas in the steel industry, 15' is a pipe leading thereto, and 16 is 1
If 5 is for heat drainage, it is a delivery pump, and if 15 is for exhaust gas, it is a blower.

17 is a heat exchanger that heats the heat exchange piping 3 with the heat waste water or exhaust gas sent out by 16.

18 is a delivery pipe from 17, and 19 is a preheating heat exchanger, which preheats the water in the pipe 5 installed therein and the working fluid in the pipe 12, respectively.

20 is a discharge pipe from 19.

21 is a steam generator, 22 is a valve, 23 is a steam delivery pipe, 24
is a steam prime mover such as a turbine or engine that generates power by steam, 24' is any required load such as a generator or blower driven by 24, 25 is a steam exhaust pipe from 24, and 26 and 26' are respectively Condenser, 27 and 27' are cooling water pipes in condenser 26 and 26' respectively, 28 and 38 are condensate discharge pipes from 26 and 26' respectively, 2
9 and 37 are delivery pumps.

Note that 26.26' may be an air-cooled condenser; in this case, a fan is provided in place of 27.27' (not shown).

30 is a mixed solution in the steam generator 21, 31 is its discharge pipe, 32 is a delivery pump, 33 is a heat exchanger piping, 34 is a nozzle, and 35 is a distillation separator which also serves as a heat storage tank if necessary.

36 is a steam delivery pipe from 35, which is connected to the condenser 26'.

39 is a return pipe for preheated water, 39' is a valve, 40 is a return pipe for preheated working fluid, and 40' is a valve.

41 is a condensate bypass pipe, 41' is a valve, and 29' is also a valve.

42 is residual water accumulated at the bottom of 35, 43 is a discharge pipe of 42, and 4 is a discharge pump to send it to the water storage tank 1.

43' is a return pipe for residual water, and 44' is a pump.

By the way, 21.35 has steam and water separators 21' and 35 if necessary.
' is provided.

Next, to describe the operation of FIG. 1, water 2 in the water tank 1 passes through the pipe 3 and is sent out by the pump 4 to the heat exchanger 19 through the pipe 5 and into the heat exchanger 19. The hot water is heated by the exhaust gas and is sprayed from the nozzle 7 into the steam generator 21 .

The thermal waste water or exhaust gas is discharged from 20 with a reduced temperature.

The valve 39' of the return pipe 39 is normally closed, but when the operation of the steam generator 21 is to be weakened or temporarily stopped, the valve 39' is closed.
Open the door and continue preheating the water to store heat at 2.

On the other hand, the working fluid 9 in the tank 8 passes through the piping 10 to the pump 1.
1 through the pipe 12 in the heat exchanger 19.
In the process of being sent to the steam generator 3, it is heated by the thermal waste water or exhaust gas in the fluid 19, becomes hot fluid or steam, and is sprayed from the nozzle 14 into the steam generator 21.

Further, the valve 40' of the return pipe 40 is normally closed, but when the operation of 21 is to be weakened or temporarily stopped, the valve 41' is opened to continue preheating the working fluid and store heat in 9.

The working fluid sprayed from the above-mentioned nozzle 14 comes into contact with the warm water sprayed from the nozzle 7, and since they are atomized fine particles and have a wide contact area, a part of them rapidly dissolves and the heat of dissolution is absorbed. As a result, a part of the working fluid becomes high-temperature steam, and the other part dissolves in hot water and accumulates as a mixed solution 30 at the bottom of 21.

In this case, the ratio of the amount of the working fluid that becomes vapor and the amount that dissolves in the hot water is determined by the characteristics of the working fluid and the respective temperatures and pressures of the working fluid and the hot water when sprayed into 21.

Furthermore, if the working fluid has a vapor pressure close to that of water, such as alcohol, at that temperature, not only the working fluid vapor but also a considerable amount of water vapor will be generated within 21.

In this way, the high temperature steam generated in 21 is transferred to valve 22 and piping 2.
3, the steam is sent to the steam motor 24, where it is converted into power, and used for power generation and other purposes by driving a load 24' such as a generator, for example.

It goes without saying that 24' may be any arbitrary load such as a blower, pump, compressor, etc.

The exhaust from 24 passes through the exhaust pipe 25 and is sent to the condenser 26.
The water enters the cooling water pipe 26 and is cooled and condensed by the cooling water supplied and circulated from the outside to the cooling water pipe 27 .

When this condensate is almost only a working fluid, the valve 41' is closed and the valve 29' is opened, and the condensate is pumped through the pipe 28 by the pump 29 and returned to the tank 8, where it is used repeatedly.

When not only working fluid vapor but also a large amount of water vapor is generated in the condenser 21, the condensate in the condenser 26 becomes a mixed solution. It is sent to the bottom, mixed with the mixed solution 30, and stored.

The mixed solution 30 accumulated at the bottom of the steam generator 21 is transferred to the pipe 31
The water is sent through the pipe 33 in the heat exchanger 17 by the pump 32, and is sprayed into the distillation separator 35 from the nozzle 34.

Heat waste water or exhaust gas is fed into the heat exchanger 17 from the waste heat source 15 through the pipe 15' by the pump or blower 16, so that the mixed solution in the pipe 33 is injected into the nozzles 34 to 35 in a heated state. Ru.

In this case, the heating temperature of the mixed solution needs to be higher than the boiling point of the working fluid relative to the pressure inside the chamber 35, but since the working fluid used is one with a low boiling point, usually below 100°C, as mentioned above, the temperature is low. The above operations can be performed using the waste heat of

The pressure inside 35 is lower than the pressure inside 21 and hence the mixed solution 30 pressure due to the action of the condenser 26', so the spray of the mixed solution injected from the nozzle 34 is caused by the vapor pressure of the working fluid and water. If the difference is large, most of the working fluid components flash evaporate rapidly, enter the condenser 26' through the pipe 36, are cooled by the cooling water pipe 27', and are condensed.
8 and into the tank 8 for regeneration and circulation.

On the other hand, the residual water 42, in which most of the working fluid components have evaporated and has become an extremely dilute solution or water, accumulates at the bottom of the tank 35, passes through the piping 43, is pumped into the water storage tank 1 by the pump 44, and is circulated. used.

In addition, if the operating fluid concentration in 42 is still high, the pump 4
4' and return pipe 33 to nozzle 3 again via return pipe 43'.
Repeat the above distillation operation through step 4.

In addition, passing this return pipe causes heat to be stored in the residual water 42, so even if the concentration of the working fluid in 42 is not necessarily high, the pump 44' can be operated to store heat in 42 as necessary. Sometimes I leave it.

In addition, in the above explanation, a one-stage flash single distillation method was used to separate the working fluid from the mixed solution, but this method is difficult to use when there is a large difference in boiling point between water, which is a solvent, and the working fluid.
For example, water-ammonia, etc.).

In this case, a suction/compressor is installed in the middle of the pipe 36 as necessary (not shown).

If the boiling points of the solvent and working fluid are close, e.g. ethanol,
Methanol and the like are separated by a rectification method using a conventional tray type or packed column type distillation apparatus.

Furthermore, in the above explanation, the working fluid 9 in the tank 8 was assumed to be pure, but in some cases, the working fluid has a vapor pressure close to that of water,
Depending on the characteristics of the working fluid, some water may be dissolved in 9 and 9 may be operated in a concentrated solution state, and this case is also within the scope of the present invention.

As mentioned above, the method of the present invention has the feature of being able to generate a large amount of high-temperature steam without requiring a large heat transfer surface at high temperatures like a normal boiler, and it is possible to generate a large amount of high-temperature steam without requiring a large heat transfer surface at high temperatures like in a normal boiler. The waste heat is recycled and used to recover the waste heat and operate the steam engine.

In Fig. 1, the exhaust heat source 15 is explained as having heat recovered in the distillation separator 17 in a high temperature state, and then in a heat exchanger 19 in a state where the temperature has slightly decreased. The order of use may be reversed, and 17 may be passed through 19 after 19. Alternatively, separate waste heat sources may be used for 17 and 19, respectively.

Further, if the temperature of the mixed solution 30 is sufficiently high and the pressure inside the steam separator 35 is sufficiently low, the operation can be performed even if the heat exchanger 17 and therefore the piping 33 are omitted.

In FIG. 2, a non-flow separator 35 is installed in a location close to a waste heat source 45 different from 15 in FIG. , a method is shown in which the amount of heat is given to the pipe 33 and then discharged from the discharge pipe 47.

Reference numeral 48 denotes a mixed solution storage tank installed as necessary, in which the mixed solution 30 discharged from the steam generator 21 in FIG. store.

The mixed solution is fed from the tank 48 through a pipe 49 to the heat exchange pipe 33 by a pump 50, and the mixed solution is subjected to flowless separation by 35 in the same manner as described in FIG.

In this case, the working fluid vapor condenser is 26' in FIG.
It is installed as 51 near 35 separately from the cooling water pipe 52 and is cooled and condensed.
is sent to the working fluid storage tank 55 and stored therein.

From the tank 55, extend the piping 56 as necessary to connect the first
It is tied up in the storage tank 8 shown in the figure, or transported by a tank truck or the like and fed into the tank 8.

The water 42 accumulated at the bottom of the non-flow separator 35 is temporarily stored in a water tank 57 installed as necessary by a pump 44 through a pipe 43, and is transported by an extension of a pipe 58 or by a tank truck or the like to the water tank 1 in FIG. send to.

Each of the elements shown in FIG. 1 other than those shown in FIG. Make it work as described.

In this case, if the temperature of the water 2 in the water tank 1 and the working fluid 9 in the working fluid storage tank 8 are always above a predetermined temperature, the heat exchanger 19 is omitted and the water is directly supplied to the steam generator 21 through the pipes 6 and 13. 2 and a working fluid 9 may be delivered.

Alternatively, only either 8 or 9 may be preheated.

As described above, the features of the present invention are that, in addition to using low-temperature waste heat and obtaining high-temperature steam using dissolution heat without requiring a heat transfer surface, the present invention also uses separated working fluid and water as needed. Store it or transport it to another end of use when needed.
The point is that energy stored at any location can be extracted in the form of heat of solution.

In the above explanation, water was used as the solvent, but
The use of other solvents is also included in the present invention, and the recovered heat sources include not only exhaust gas and thermal wastewater but also various types of industrial waste heat such as thermal fluids, waste steam, radiant waste heat from high-temperature products, and waste heat from cooling furnace bodies. It also includes the use of internal combustion engines, household waste heat, natural heat such as solar heat, geothermal heat, and surplus electricity.

Separation and regeneration of the working fluid and solvent can also be performed using cold waste heat during vaporization of liquefied gas, cold heat from ice and snow, cold air, and the like.

For example, if a low-temperature fluid such as liquefied gas is circulated in the piping 52 of FIG. 2 instead of cooling water, separation can be carried out extremely efficiently.

In this case, if the temperature of the liquid mixture 48' is high, the heat exchanger 17 may be omitted.

That is, the high temperature exhaust heat source 45 may not be used.

Alternatively, if 48' is at a low temperature, 45 can use seawater, river water, the atmosphere, etc. instead of exhaust heat.

Figure 3 shows another method (freeze separation method) of utilizing cold waste heat during vaporization of liquefied gas, for example, 48, 48',
49. 50. 53. 54. 55. 56 is the same as in FIG. 2, 59 is a refrigerating separator, which is installed in multiple numbers (not shown), and 60 is a heat exchanger installed therein, in which liquefied gas flows in through a pipe 61 by a pump 63 and flows out through a pipe 62 for vaporization. do.

64 is ice frozen on the heat exchanger surface, 65 is residual liquid, 66
．． 69 is a return pipe, 67.70, 71, 71' are valves, 68
is a pump.

To describe the operation of FIG. 3, the mixed solution 48' is transferred to the tank 48.
It passes through the pipe 49 and is connected to the refrigerating separator 5 by the pump 50.
Guided within 9.

Since low-temperature liquefied gas flows into the heat exchanger 60 in the heat exchanger 59, the mixed solution is cooled and its water is frozen to form ice 64, and the remaining liquid 65 is mostly the working fluid from which water has been separated. However, if the separation is insufficient, the valve 71' is closed, the valve 67 is opened, and the water is recirculated by the pump 68 through the return pipe 66 into the refrigeration separator 59. After the moisture has been sufficiently separated, the valve 71' is opened and the water is recirculated by the pump 54. The working fluid is stored in a storage tank 55.

The liquefied gas is partially vaporized by heat exchange and flows out into the pipe 62, but the liquid gas is recirculated to the heat exchanger through the return pipe 69 and the valve 70.

When the ice 64 becomes thicker and the efficiency of the heat exchanger 60 decreases, the mixed solution is switched to another freezing separator (not shown) to continue the separation operation, and the freezing separator in which the ice 64 has accumulated is Ice is melted by circulating seawater, industrial water, etc., or ice is recovered using a separate method and used as a cold heat source.

To separate the mixed solution, in addition to the above-mentioned non-flow method using heat, decompression or freezing method using cold heat, an evaporative separation method using suction can also be applied.

That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the mixed solution heated by the heat exchanger 17 is flashed into the separator 35 through the nozzle 34, and the suction device 90 is connected to the exhaust pipe 36 from the 35 to reduce the pressure by suction.

Reference numeral 90 is, for example, an exhaust fan, a suction pump, an ejector, etc., which is driven by surplus electric power, wave power, wind power, or a separate exhaust heat source.

The working fluid vapor sucked by 90 is cooled, condensed, and separated by condenser 51 as shown in FIG.

According to this suction separation method, the heat exchanger 17 may have a small capacity, or it can be operated even if the heat exchanger 17 is omitted, thereby reducing the heat transfer area and reducing equipment costs.

Further, this suction separation method can be used in combination with the above-mentioned non-heating method or separation method using cold heat to mutually enhance their effects.

In addition, in Fig. 1, the properties of the working fluid and tanks 1 and 8 are shown.
Depending on the state of the water 2 and working fluid 9 in the heat exchanger 19
The present invention also includes a method in which either water or a working fluid is directly injected into the steam generator 21 without preheating both.

In addition, in the explanation of FIG. 1, it was described that the high temperature steam generated at 21 is powered by the steam motor 24, but the steam can also be used for various purposes such as heating, space heating, cooling, suction by an ejector, etc. include.

Furthermore, in the above description, it is a common technique to prevent the loss of sensible heat by providing heat insulation and insulation structures for each part of each tank, container, piping, etc. as necessary, and can be applied as desired.

The above description also includes the operation of various valves, pumps, etc., the detection of the liquid level in each tank, the flow rate, temperature, pressure, etc. of each part, and automatic control to achieve the required values.

Mainly based on the configuration shown in Figure 1 above, Section 2. 3. 4 and other various incidental methods and conditions have been described, but all of these incidental methods and conditions are also applied to the embodiments shown in FIG. 5 and below, which will be described below, and are included in the present invention.

Next, FIG. 5 shows an embodiment with a further simplified configuration.

Items with the same numbers in the figure are the same as in FIG. 1.

Reference numeral 72 denotes a water storage type steam generator, which is a sealed container capable of storing a required amount of hot water 73.

74 is a working fluid jet pipe installed at the bottom, 72' is a steam separator, and 75 is a condenser. In this figure, an air-cooled type is used, but as shown in Figure 1, a water-cooled type is used. Even if there is, there is no difference.

76 is a water supply pipe, 78 is a discharge pipe, and 77.79 is a valve.

To describe the operation of FIG. 5, preheated hot water is supplied into the water storage type steam generator 72 through the pipe 6 in the same way as in FIG. 1, and is stored as water 73.

In this state, when the working fluid 9 in the tank 8 is jetted into the hot water 73 from the spouting pipe 74 through the piping 10 and the pump 11, the working fluid immediately melts and generates heat, producing steam as in the case described in FIG. is generated, and drives the steam motor 24 through the piping 23 and valve 22 to rotate the load 24'.

The exhaust gas passes through piping 25, is cooled and condensed by condenser 75, and is returned to tank 8 via piping 28 and pump 29 through valve 29' for circulation.

If the condensate is a mixed solution containing water, it is connected from pipe 41 to pipe 31 through valve 41'.

The hot water 72 in the steam generator 72 gradually dissolves the working fluid to form a mixed solution, which is discharged through the piping 31 and the pump 32 and separated into the working fluid and water by heatless separation or other methods as in the case of FIG. The water is separated and regenerated and used for circulation, and newly preheated hot water is replenished through the pipe 6.

Note that a heat exchanger may be installed in the middle of the piping 10 to preheat the working fluid, or the working fluid may be evaporated and ejected from the ejection pipe 74 in the form of steam.

(Not shown) Another method of using Fig. 5 is to obtain power only within a certain period of time, such as by generating power on a vehicle or moving object, and in this case, the piping 6 and the systems 31 and 41 are omitted. Then, after separately preheated hot water is supplied through the water supply pipe 76 and the valve 77, the valve 77 is closed and the above-mentioned operation is performed.
The power generation is continued until the concentration of the working fluid dissolved in the water 73 in the water 73 gradually increases and the exothermic effect weakens, after which the use is discontinued and the mixed solution 73 is discharged through the discharge pipe 78 and the valve 79. It is also within the scope of the present invention to adopt a method of discharging the water, separately separating and regenerating it, and then replenishing hot water from the pipe 76.

In this case, since the pipe 38 from the condenser 26' is also disconnected, the tank 8 is supplied with a separately regenerated and separated working fluid.

FIG. 6 shows another simplified embodiment, in which the same numbers are the same as those described above, and 80 is a heat exchange type steam generator, which is immersed in hot water 73 inside a water storage type generation container 87. The heat exchanger is usually installed in a tubular structure and contains a working fluid 81 therein.

82 is a valve, 83 is a steam delivery pipe for working fluid, 84 is a valve, 8
5 is a low pressure steam extraction part of the steam motor 24, 86 is a low pressure steam pipe, 87 is a valve, and 88 is a steam jet pipe.

To describe the operation of FIG. 6, preheated hot water is supplied to the water storage type heat generating container 87 through the piping 6 in the same way as in FIG. 76, water is supplied through the valve 77, the valve 77 is closed, and the hot water 73 is stored.

Therefore, the working fluid in the heat exchange type steam generator 80 is heated by the hot water 73 stored in 87 and evaporates, and the valve 82
The steam motor 24 is driven through the piping 83 and the load 24' is
Rotate.

Exhaust air passes through piping 25 and valve 84 to condenser 75
The water is cooled and condensed, passes through the pump 29 piping 28, is ejected from the ejection pipe 74 into the hot water 73 in the water storage type heat generating container 87, and is dissolved, and the temperature of the water 73 rises due to the heat of dissolution.

Therefore, the working fluid in 80 is further heated to a higher temperature and higher pressure before being sent to the steam motor 24 .

In addition, a portion of the expanded and reduced pressure steam is extracted from the low-pressure steam extraction section 85 of 24, passes through the valve 87 and the pipe 86, and is ejected from the steam jet 88 into the hot water 73.

Therefore, the heat of dissolution of this low-pressure steam also raises the temperature of 73 further, promoting the generation of steam 80.

The ratio of the steam flow rate in the above 24 exhaust pipes 25 and the low pressure bleed pipe 86 is adjusted to the optimum ratio by the opening degrees of the valves 84 and 87, thereby downsizing the structure of the steam motor 24 and the radiator 75 and generating power. The generation effect can be enhanced.

Depending on the characteristics of the working fluid, 85. 86. 87.
88. Omit 75 and 29 and replace exhaust pipe 25 with ejection pipe 74
It is also possible to connect directly to the exhaust gas and blow in all the exhaust gas (not shown).

The hot water 73 in 87 gradually dissolves the working fluid and its concentration increases, and as the dissolution ability decreases, the generation of heat of dissolution declines, but it is discharged through the piping 31 and pump 32 and is separately shown in Figures 1 and 2. Regenerate and separate using the method described above, pipe 10, valve 8
If the working fluid is supplied through the pipe 9 and preheated hot water is supplied from the pipe 6, the above-described operation is continued.

However, as in the case shown in Figure 5, when loading onto a moving object or vehicle, pipes 6, 31 and 10 are omitted and pipes 76 and 78 are installed, so steam generation will stop after a certain period of time. The mixed solution of the contents of 87 is discharged through piping 78 and valve 79 and separately separated and regenerated, and hot water and working fluid are newly supplied into 87 and 80, respectively.

Figure 7' is an explanatory diagram of an application example in which the working fluid is evaporated in advance and then the steam is superheated by the heat of dissolution of the fluid to increase thermal efficiency. 91 is a superheater for the working fluid, which is a closed structure element, stores hot water 92 that dissolves the working fluid and generates heat, and has a built-in superheating pipe 93 that is heated by the working fluid.

94 is a preheated water blowing pipe that blows water preheated by the heat exchange pipe 5 into 92 through the pipe 6; 95 is a steam jet pipe that blows low pressure steam from the exhaust of the steam motor 24 or the low pressure extraction section 85; , 96. 97. 98. 99 is each valve.

100 is a bypass pipe. Next, to explain the operation shown in FIG. 7, the working flow 9 in the tank 8 is heated through the heat exchange pipe 12 by heat waste water or exhaust gas flowing into the heat exchanger 19 from the pipe 15', and evaporates into its vapor. The steam passes through the pipe 13 and enters the heating pipe 93 in the superheater 91, is heated by the hot water 92 in the superheater 91, becomes heated steam, enters the steam motor 24 through the valve 22 and the pipe 23, and expands. Generates power and drives load 24'.

Exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe 24 enters the condenser 51 through the valve 99 from the exhaust pipe 25, is cooled and condensed by the cooling water flowing through the pipe 52, and returns to the tank 8 through the pipe 53 and the pump 54.

On the other hand, water 2 in the tank 1 is similarly heated in the piping 5 in the heat exchanger 19, passes through the piping 6, and is blown into the superheater 91 from the blowing pipe 94. 8
Some of the low pressure steam extracted from 5 passes through piping 86 and valve 97 and is blown into hot water 92 from jet pipe 95 between 91, so the low pressure steam dissolves in 92 and generates heat, causing 92 to further rise in temperature. and heats the superheating tube 93.

Also, part of the exhaust from the steam engine 25 is also transferred to the bypass pipe 10.
0 passes through the valve 98 and is blown into the jet pipe 95 through the jet pipe 92 , similarly melting and generating heat to heat the superheat pipe 93 .

The blowing ratio of the low-pressure bleed air passing through the pipe 86 and the exhaust gas passing through the bypass pipe 100 is optimally adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the valves 97 and 98 according to the characteristics of the working fluid and the operating conditions.

The working fluid vapor gradually dissolves in the hot water 92 in the superheater 91, increasing the concentration of the mixed solution and increasing the temperature and pressure. The liquid is injected from the nozzle 34 into the flowless separator 35 through the valve 96 in the same manner as in the case of FIG. 1 to cause flushing.

35 is connected from the steam separator 35' to the condenser 51 via piping 36, so the piping 36 side is connected to the condenser 51.
Therefore, the mixed solution flashed from the nozzle 34 is separated into working fluid vapor and water, and the vapor is sucked into the pipe 36, cooled and condensed in the condenser 51, and liquefied. , passes through the pump 54 and returns to the tank 9.

The water flushed into the tank 35 accumulates at the bottom as residual water 42 and returns to the tank 1 via piping 43 and a pump 44.

Note that, if necessary, the forward circulation flow operation by the path of the return pipe 43' and the back heat operation by the return pipes 39 and 40 described in connection with FIG. 1 are also applied, but these are omitted in FIG.

Also, depending on the operating conditions, the working fluid may not be completely converted to steam in the heat exchange pipe 12, but may be partially mixed with liquid in the superheat pipe 93.
You can also send it to

Although the embodiments shown in Figures 1 to 7 (excluding Figure 3) use only steam for power, heating, and heating/cooling, it is also possible to use the mixed thermal solution itself. It can be used not only for heating, heating and cooling, but also for motorization.

Figure 8 is 1. 2. 4. 5゜6.7 shows an example of a method for separating the exothermic fluid by dissolving it in a solvent and generating heat from the mixed solution.The same numbers in the figure are from Figure 1. The elements have the same functions as those shown up to FIG. 7, and 101 is a two-phase fluid thermal liquid turbine operated by a high-pressure thermal solution containing steam, 102 is an exhaust steam pipe from 101, and 103 is an exhaust solution from 101. Piping, 104 is a medium pressure steam pipe separated by the non-flow separator 35, 105 is a waste solution pipe from 35, 109 is a nozzle, 110 is a second stage non-flow separator 110' is a steam/water separator, 1
06 is a low pressure steam pipe separated by 110, 107 is a low pressure exhaust steam pipe from the steam engine 24, and 108 is a compressor driven by 101 and 24.

To describe the operation of Fig. 8, for example, in the embodiments from Fig. 1 to Fig. 7 (excluding Fig. 3), when ammonia is used as the working fluid and water is used as the solvent, Because mixed solutions at high temperature and pressure are often discharged,
This is guided to a hot liquid turbine 101 through a valve 96 to be powered, and the steam that is partially separated from the expanded hot mixed solution is transferred to a pipe 1.
02 to the steam engine 24 for power generation.

24 in FIG. 8 is the first. 5. 6. 24 in Figure 7
It may be the same prime mover, or it may be a separate prime mover.

In the case of the same prime mover, the nozzle blowing position for 24 is set at an appropriate location depending on the value of steam pressure in the pipe 102.

On the other hand, the waste solution 101 is discharged from the pipe 103, but since the temperature and pressure are normally maintained, the non-drop separator 3
5 through a nozzle 34 to separate the vapor and solution.

This intermediate pressure steam is blown into the intermediate pressure section of the steam prime mover 24 through the steam/water separator 35' through the pipe 104 to be powered, and the solution is collected as 42 at the bottom of the steam motor 35.

42 is flushed through the nozzle 109 into the second stage non-droplet separator 110 through the piping 105 and separated into steam and residual water 42', and the steam passes through the steam-water separator 109' and enters the piping 10.
6. It passes through 107 and enters the compressor 108.

Since the turbine 108 is connected coaxially with the turbine 101 and the turbine 24 and driven, the steam that enters the turbine 108 is compressed, enters the condenser 51, is cooled by the cooling water pipe 52 in the turbine 51, and is liquefied and condensed. The working fluid is returned to the working fluid tank 8 by the flow pump 54 .

In the above explanation, the steam in the pipes 102, 104, 106, and 107 was assumed to be the steam of the working fluid, but even if solvent vapor is mixed in, there is no problem if it is a small amount, or if the solvent component is large, the condenser After condensing in step 51, the condensate is separated using waste heat or other heat to separate the condensate into a non-stream or a refined stream.

On the other hand, residual water 42' accumulated at the bottom of the tank 110 is returned to the tank 1 by a pump 44 through a pipe 43.

There is no problem even if some working solution components are mixed in 42', but if there are many mixed components, use low-quality energy in the same way as the method described in the explanations from Fig. 1 to Fig. 7. and separate.

Next, Fig. 9 is a conceptual diagram of an embodiment in which a mixed thermal solution is utilized from the first stage turbine, and the same numbers in the figure are from the 8th stage turbine.
Assume that it shows the same function as the one up to the figure.

A mixer 111 mixes, for example, gas and liquid or liquid and liquid.

To explain the operation of FIG. 9, it is assumed that water is used as a solvent, and water 2 in tank 1 and working fluid 9 in tank 8 are exchanged heat through pipes 3° and 10 by pumps 4 and 11, respectively. While passing through the pipes 5 and 12, the heated waste water or exhaust gas is heated by the heat exchanger 19 flowing in from 15', passes through the pipes 6 and 13, respectively, and enters the mixer 111, where they are mixed and dissolved to generate heat and become high temperature. It becomes a high pressure hot mixed solution.

This hot mixed solution passes through piping 112 to the hot liquid turbine 10.
1 and is powered, and the operation is similar to that described with reference to FIG. 8 below.

Usually, the mixer 111 is small and has a large capacity, so
According to the method shown in FIG. 9, the entire device is compact and the number of heat exchangers is reduced, so the equipment cost is reduced.

Above, we have described a method for effectively utilizing waste heat and other low-quality energy to generate and effectively utilize steam by the heat of dissolution of an exothermic and low-temperature boiling point fluid. Since oxygen is not required for this purpose, the present invention can be applied to special purposes such as underwater, in a mine shaft, in a gas atmosphere, etc. where power, heating, heating and cooling are desired without relying on combustion reactions or electricity. This does not necessarily need to be done using low-quality energy, but may also be done using ordinary fuel, electricity, etc., and these cases are also included in the present invention.

Further, although the above description uses water as the solvent, the present invention also includes cases where a solvent other than water is used in part or all of the process.

In addition, as for the steam used for motive power and other purposes, it has been explained that the steam of the dissolved exothermic working fluid itself or, in some cases, steam is used in combination. The present invention also includes cases in which fluid vapor or hot liquid is generated and used for power, heating, heating and cooling, etc.

[BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG.
Figures 4, 5 and 6, 7 and 8
9 are explanatory diagrams showing other embodiments. 1...Water tank, 2...Water, 3. 6
．． 10. 13.15', 18, 20, 23, 25,
27, 27', 28, 31, 36, 38, 39, 40,
43.43'...Piping, 4. 11. 16.
29. 32, 37. 44. 44'...
・Pump, 5,12゜33... Heat exchange piping, 7. 14. 34...Nozzle, 8...
...... Working fluid storage tank, 9... Working fluid, 15... Exhaust heat source, 17, 19...
...Heat exchanger, 21...Steam generator, 21',
35'...Steam water separator, 22. 29',
39', 40', 41'...Valve,
24...Steam motor, 24'...Load, 26.26'...Condenser, 30...
...mixture, 35...distillation separator, 41...
...Bypass piping, 42...Residual water, 45
...High temperature waste heat source, 46, 50. 54...
...Pump, 47. 49. 52゜53, 56.
58...Piping, 48...Mixed solution tank, 48'...Mixed liquid, 51...Condenser, 55...Working liquid tank , 57...
... Water tank, 59 ... Refrigeration separator, 60
...Heat exchanger, 61゜62, 66, 69・
...Piping, 63,68...Pump, 64
...Ice, 65...Residual liquid, 67, 7
0゜71.71'...Valve, 90...
・Suction machine, 72... Water storage type steam generator, 72'
......Steam water separator, 73...Hot water, 74
... Ejection pipe, 75 ... Condenser,
76.78...Piping, 77.79...
Valve, 80...Heat exchange evaporator, 81...
...Operating fluid, 82. 84. 87. 89...
...Valve, 83°86...Piping, 85...
...Low pressure steam extraction section, 88...Steam jet pipe, 91...Superheater, 92...Hot water, 9
3...Superheating pipe, 94...Blowing pipe, 95
...Ejection pipe, 96. 97. 98. 99・
... Valve, 100 ... Bypass pipe, 101
・・・・・・Thermo liquid turbine, 102°103.104,
105, 106, 107... Piping, 108...
...Compressor, 109...Nozzle, 11 leaf.
... Distillation separator, 110' ... Steam water separator, 111 ... Mixer, 112 ... Piping.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A fluid that is exothermically soluble and has a boiling point at a low temperature is mixed with a solvent that dissolves it, and the steam and/or thermal mixed fluid generated by dissolving heat is generated for power, heating, heating, cooling, etc. The first step is to cool and condense the vapor discharged in this step, and the mixed solution discharged in the first step is distilled by heating or under reduced pressure using various low-quality energy sources alone or in combination. The second step of separating the exothermic soluble fluid and the solvent by a freezing method, a suction method, etc., and the first step and the second step are directly combined online, or as necessary. The exothermic soluble fluid and the solvent, if necessary, can be combined off-line by storing either or both of the fluid and solvent obtained in the second step and then transporting them to a required location as necessary. A method of utilizing low-quality energy using heat of solution, which is characterized by repeatedly using energy for motorization, heating, heating and cooling, etc. 2. Mixing a fluid that is exothermic and has a boiling point at a low temperature and a solvent that dissolves it, after preheating each or one of them,
Steam and/or thermal mixed fluid generated by melting heat,
The first step is used for power, heating, heating and cooling, etc., and the steam discharged from this process is cooled and condensed, and the mixed solution discharged from the first step is also used as a single or combination of various low-quality energy sources. The second step of separating the exothermic soluble fluid and the solvent by a distillation method using heating or reduced pressure, a freezing method, a suction method, etc., and the first step and the second step are directly combined online. Or, if necessary, either or both of the fluid and the solvent obtained in the second step are once stored and then combined online, such as by transporting them to a required location as necessary,
A method of utilizing low-quality energy using heat of dissolution, which is characterized by repeatedly using a heat-generating dissolving fluid and, if necessary, a solvent to perform motorization, heating, heating and cooling, etc. 3 A heated solvent is used to heat a fluid with exothermic solubility and a low boiling point to generate steam, which is used for power, heating, heating and cooling, etc., and the resulting steam is discharged and is condensed. A first step in which both or one of the condensed liquids is blown into the heated solvent to cause dissolution and heat generation to further promote steam generation, and the mixed liquid discharged in the first step is used as a source of various low-quality energy sources. A second step in which the exothermic soluble fluid and the solvent are separated by a distillation method using heating or reduced pressure, a freezing method, a suction method, etc. alone or in combination; or, if necessary, either or both of the fluid and solvent obtained in the second step may be stored and then transported to a required location as necessary. , a method of utilizing low-quality energy by heat of dissolution, characterized by repeatedly using a heat-generating dissolving fluid and, if necessary, a solvent to perform motorization, heating, heating and cooling, etc. 4 Heat a fluid with exothermic solubility and a low boiling point to generate steam, and after exchanging heat with the heated solvent to create a superheated state, use it for power, heating, heating and cooling, etc. A first step in which both or either one of the discharged steam and the condensate obtained by condensing the same is blown into the heating solvent to generate heat of dissolution and further raise the temperature; a second step in which the mixed liquid is separated into an exothermic soluble fluid and a solvent by a distillation method using heating or reduced pressure, a freezing method, a suction method, etc. using a unit or combination of various low-quality energy sources; The second step may be directly coupled online, or if necessary, either or both of the fluid and solvent obtained in the second step may be stored and then transported to the required location as necessary. By combining off-line, exothermic dissolving fluids and, if necessary, solvents can also be repeatedly used to power, heat, and
A method of utilizing low-quality energy using heat of solution for heating and cooling purposes. 5 The mixed solution discharged in the first step is further used for power, heating, heating and cooling, etc., and the steam discharged thereby and the steam generated by flash evaporation of the mixed solution are further used for power, heating, heating, cooling, etc. 2. The method of utilizing low-quality energy by heat of solution according to claim 1, characterized in that after performing the utilization in one or multiple stages, it is combined with a second step as necessary. 6 The mixed solution discharged in the first step is further used for power, heating, heating and cooling, etc., and the steam discharged thereby and the steam generated by flash evaporation of the mixed solution are further used for power, heating, heating, cooling, etc. 3. The method of utilizing low-quality energy by heat of solution according to claim 2, characterized in that after performing the utilization in one stage or in multiple stages, it is combined with a second step as necessary. 7 The mixed solution discharged in the first step is further used for power, heating, heating and cooling, etc., and the steam discharged by this and the steam generated by flash evaporation of the mixed solution are further used for power, heating, heating, cooling, etc. 4. The method of utilizing low quality energy by heat of solution according to claim 3, characterized in that after performing the utilization in one stage or in multiple stages, it is combined with a second step as necessary. 8 The mixed solution discharged in the first step is further used for power, heating, heating and cooling, etc., and the steam thus discharged and the mixed solution are flash evaporated and the generated steam is further used for power, heating, heating, cooling, etc. 5. The method of utilizing low-quality energy by heat of solution according to claim 4, characterized in that after performing the utilization in one stage or in multiple stages, it is combined with a second step as necessary. 9 A fluid that is exothermic and has a boiling point at a low temperature and a solvent that dissolves it are mixed after preheating each or one of them using low-quality energy, and the resulting thermal mixed fluid is used for power, heating, and warming. The first process is used for cooling, etc., and the steam generated by flashing the steam discharged from the first process and/or the discharged mixed solution is further used for power, heating, heating and cooling, etc. in one stage or After multiple stages, the exhaust steam is cooled and optionally compressed?
A second step of separating the dissolved exothermic fluid and the solvent by Mk condensation, and the first step and the second step are directly coupled online or optionally in the second step. By storing either or both of the resulting exothermic soluble fluid and the solvent, the exothermic soluble fluid and, if necessary, the solvent can be repeatedly used by combining them off-line, such as by transporting them to a required location as necessary. , a method of utilizing low-quality energy using heat of solution, which is characterized by using it for motorization, heating, heating and cooling, etc.