JPS5952346B2 - How to operate absorption heating and cooling equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a cooling operation method of an absorption type air conditioner using water as a refrigerant and an aqueous solution of lithium bromide (LiBr) as an absorbent.

In the conventional absorption type air conditioner, when LiBr is contained in the refrigerant vapor 12 generated from the regenerator 2, the LiBr is transferred to the condenser 3.
and then enters the evaporator 4.

When LiBr is included in the refrigerant water 15, the boiling point of the refrigerant water 15 increases.

For this reason, if cooling operation is continued for a long period of time, L in the refrigerant water 15
The iBr concentration gradually increases and the cooling capacity decreases.

In order to maintain the cooling capacity, the drain valve 11, which is closed during operation, is opened to drain the highly concentrated refrigerant water 15 in the evaporator 4 and regenerate new refrigerant water.

To make the refrigerant water 15, it is necessary to ignite the fuel sprayed from the burner 1 and drive the LiBr pump and the cooling water pump 9. For this reason, this absorption type air-conditioning machine does not produce the refrigerant water 15 during cooling operation. It was a device that required a lot of extra cost to rebuild, and was not an economical cooling device.

First, let's talk about the cooling operation cycles of absorption type air conditioners.The most commonly used cycles can be divided into single-effect and double-effect cycles.

Figure 1 shows a typical cycle of single effect.

In the regenerator 2, fuel is combusted by the burner 1, the diluted LiBr aqueous solution 16 is heated, refrigerant vapor 12 is generated, and the diluted LiBr aqueous solution 16 is converted into a concentrated LiBr aqueous solution 22.

Refrigerant vapor 12 enters condenser 3 and exchanges heat with cooling water 24, condenses and becomes refrigerant water 14.

The refrigerant water 14 exchanges heat with the cold water 25 that actually performs cooling, and becomes refrigerant vapor 13.

The concentrated LiBr aqueous solution 22 enters the heat exchanger 6, exchanges heat with the diluted LiBr aqueous solution 17 separated from the diluted LiBr aqueous solution 19 coming out of the absorber 5, and becomes a cold concentrated LiBr aqueous solution 21.

The concentrated LiBr aqueous solution 21 is mixed with the diluted LiBr aqueous solution 18 to form an intermediate concentration LiBr aqueous solution 20.

The intermediate concentration LiBr aqueous solution 20 enters the absorber 5, exchanges heat with the cooling water 23, acquires an absorbing power to absorb water vapor, absorbs the refrigerant vapor 13, and becomes a diluted LiBr aqueous solution 19.

LiBr contained in the refrigerant water 15 that reduces the cooling capacity is contained in the refrigerant vapor 12 in the form of droplets of LiBr aqueous solution,
It enters the evaporator 4 through the condenser 3.

Figure 2 shows a typical cycle of double effect.

In the regenerator 2, fuel is combusted by the burner 1, the diluted LiBr aqueous solution 16 is heated, refrigerant vapor 12 is generated, and the diluted LiBr aqueous solution 16 is converted into a concentrated LiBr aqueous solution 22.
Make it.

The refrigerant vapor 12 enters the low temperature regenerator 26 and exchanges heat with the diluted LiBr aqueous solution 30 to become refrigerant water 29 .

The diluted LiBr aqueous solution 30 is boiled in the low-temperature regenerator 26, generates refrigerant vapor 28, and becomes a concentrated LiBr aqueous solution 33.

The refrigerant vapor 28 enters the condenser 3, exchanges heat with the cooling water 24, becomes water, and mixes with the refrigerant water 29 to become the refrigerant water 14.

The refrigerant water 14 exchanges heat with the cold water 25 that actually performs cooling, and becomes refrigerant vapor 13.

The concentrated LiBr liquid 22 enters the heat exchanger 6 and enters the diluted LiBr liquid.
It exchanges heat with the aqueous solution 30, becomes a concentrated LiBr aqueous solution 32, enters the heat exchanger 27 again, mixes with the concentrated LiBr aqueous solution 33, and then exchanges heat with the diluted LiBr aqueous solution 18, and becomes the concentrated LiBr aqueous solution 32.
It becomes Br aqueous solution 21.

Concentrated LiBr aqueous solution 21 is diluted L coming out from absorber 5
It is mixed with a diluted LiBr aqueous solution 31 separated from the iBr aqueous solution 19 to form an intermediate concentration LiBr aqueous solution 20.

Intermediate concentration 20 LiBrA (solution enters the absorber 5, exchanges heat with cooling water 23, obtains absorption power to absorb water vapor, absorbs refrigerant vapor 13, and becomes diluted LiBr aqueous solution 19.

The diluted LiBr aqueous solution 16 is a diluted LiBr aqueous solution 18 which is a part of the diluted LiBr aqueous solution 19 and the diluted L which is also a part of the diluted LiBr aqueous solution 18.
The iBr liquid 30 has passed through the heat exchanger 6.

LiBr contained in the refrigerant water 15 that reduces the cooling capacity is contained in the refrigerant vapor 12 in the form of droplets of LiBr aqueous solution,
It passes through the low temperature regenerator 26 and the condenser 3 before entering the evaporator 4.

FIG. 3 shows the amount of steam generated during cooling operation (line A), the pressure inside the regenerator (line B), and the amount of LiBr entrained by the refrigerant 12 (line C).

The amount of entrained LiBr is large when the pressure inside the regenerator at startup is low and steam is generated.

When the burner 1 is ignited and the fuel is combusted, the pressure inside the regenerator increases, and when the refrigerant vapor 12 becomes condensable, the amount of steam generated increases.

The rate of increase in the pressure inside the regenerator slows down when refrigerant vapor 12 is generated.

The amount of accompanying LiBr is extremely large at startup and decreases when the steady state is reached.

The broken line indicates the value when the refrigerant vapor generation amount and the pressure inside the regenerator become steady, that is, the set value.

The present invention reduces the amount of entrained LiBr carried by the refrigerant vapor 12 during cooling operation of a conventional absorption air-conditioner, reduces the number of times the refrigerant water 15 is made, and reduces cooling operating costs.An economical air conditioner. The purpose is to provide

FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the absorption type air-conditioning/heating machine of the present invention.

A valve 34 is attached to the refrigerant vapor delivery line 35 generated from the regenerator 2 of a conventional absorption type air-conditioning/heating machine.In the case of cooling operation, the valve 34 is closed at startup, and when the burner 1 is ignited, the regenerator 2 The valve 34 is opened when the internal pressure increases and becomes close to the pressure during steady operation.

Therefore, in the case of cooling operation, only the refrigerant vapor 12 flows at the pressure during steady operation.

FIG. 5 shows the startup state of the absorption type air conditioner according to the present invention.

At startup, LiBr is not carried along with the refrigerant vapor 12 because the refrigerant vapor 12 is not generated.

Therefore, less LiBr is contained in the refrigerant water 15 than in the past, and the number of times that the refrigerant water 15 is made is reduced.

Furthermore, during the startup time, refrigerant vapor 12 was conventionally generated even during startup, but in the present invention, since the refrigerant vapor 12 is not generated, the amount of heat received from the combustion gas during the startup time is
Since most of the pressure inside the regenerator 2 is used, the startup time is shortened.

(The symbols A to D in FIG. 5 correspond to the symbols in FIG. 4.

) In short, this invention provides a method for operating an absorption air conditioning system using water as a refrigerant and a lithium bromide aqueous solution as an absorbent, in which a valve is installed in a refrigerant vapor delivery pipe connected to a regenerator, and when the cooling operation is started. The method is characterized in that the valve is kept closed, and when the pressure inside the regenerator becomes close to a set pressure, the valve is opened to shift to steady operation.

By carrying out this invention, the amount of LiBr that was conventionally entrained in the refrigerant vapor 12 can be significantly reduced to a minute amount at the time of startup, thus reducing the number of times the refrigerant water 1°5 needs to be replaced and reducing operating costs. This has various effects such as shortening startup time and simplifying the device.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Part 1 - Figure 1 is a flow sheet for cooling operation of a conventional single-effect absorption air-conditioning/heating machine, Figure 2 is a flow sheet for cooling operation of a conventional double-effect absorption air-conditioning/heating machine, and Figure 3 is a flow sheet for a conventional absorption air-conditioning/heating machine. 4 is a partial view of the valve 34 provided in the refrigerant delivery pipe 35 according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 is the start of cooling operation of the absorption type air-conditioning machine of the present invention. It indicates the state (common to single and double effects). 1...Burner, 2...Regenerator, 3...
...-? False condenser, 6...Heat exchanger, 12...
... Refrigerant vapor, 15 ... Refrigerant water, 16 ...
...LiBr aqueous solution, 22... Concentrated LiBr
liquid, 34... valve, 35... refrigerant vapor delivery pipe.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a method of operating an absorption heating and cooling system using water as a refrigerant and an aqueous lithium bromide solution as an absorbent, if a valve is installed in the refrigerant vapor delivery line connected to the regenerator, the valve is kept closed when starting the cooling operation. A method of operating an absorption air-conditioning system, characterized in that when the pressure inside the regenerator becomes close to a set pressure, the valve is opened and the operation shifts to steady operation.