JPS6010587B2 - Equivalent test method for commutatorless motors - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to an equivalence testing method for commutatorless motors.

Conventionally, when a non-commutated motor device is shipped, it is common to perform a unit test on the motor body and a converter, and then to perform a so-called combination test in which they are combined as a non-commutated motor device.

This combination test requires a motor main body, a converter, a power supply device, and a load device that are suitable for the output of the non-commutated Viscount motor, and the test schedule, test location, test labor, power consumption, etc. As demand for equipment expands and capacity increases, the amount will become enormous. On the other hand, due to the manufacturing experience of non-commutated Viscount motive devices, and advances in design, manufacturing technology, analysis, and simulation technology, it has become possible to grasp the main characteristics at the design and unit test stages. Among these, the conversion device is sufficient for unit testing. However, the characteristics of the motor body as a non-commutator motor, especially damper loss, harmonic iron loss, vibration, noise, temperature rise, etc. based on square wave current, required combination tests. The present invention has been made in view of this point, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an equivalent test method for commutatorless motors that can realize a test method equivalent to a combination test using a simple and economical test device.

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of an equivalent test apparatus according to the present invention, in which 1' is a motor to be tested of a commutatorless motor device, 1 is a field winding t12 of a motor 1, and 1' is a motor to be tested. A phase star armature winding, 2 is a variable speed motor that is mechanically connected to the motor under test 1 and drives it to rotate. The excitation device that supplies the field current of the winding 11 is a bottle converter formed by bridge-connecting the W Masai IJ switch, and the AC side is connected to the armature winding 12.
The L DC side is connected to the DC reactor 5.

6 is a current control circuit which generates a current command 61, an armature detection current 62, a comparator 63, a current controller 64, a synchronizing signal generator 65, and a gate signal for the sirens that constitute the forward converter 4. It consists of a gate signal generator 66.Although not shown in Fig. 1, instruments, synchroscopes, etc. necessary for measuring voltage, frost current, temperature, rotational speed, vibration, noise, etc. of each part are appropriately arranged. ing.

Next, the operation and testing method of the equivalence testing device with the surprise diagram configuration will be explained.

The excitation device 8 also supplies a predetermined field current to the field winding of the motor under test, and the DC motor and its control device drive and control the motor under test 1 to a predetermined rotational speed. Therefore, the electric motor under test operates as a synchronous generator.Even in this case, if the forward converter is turned off, the iron loss, copper loss, mechanical loss, stray load loss, etc. as a synchronous machine are well known. In the above method, conduct a short circuit test and measure the opening of the armature winding tatami cram in advance. If necessary, also conduct a temperature rise test as a synchronous machine.
When the current controller is operated, the armature current is rectified by the converter, and a direct current corresponding to the current command flows through the DC reactor.

By the way, since the winding resistance of a DC reactor is generally small, the control angle of the forward converter 4 required to flow a predetermined current is kept at approximately 90 degrees.

FIG. 2 shows the waveform of the voltage e and current iu for one armature phase among the three phases U, Y, and W. That is, the t current waveform becomes a 120 degree energized square wave, which is the same as the non-rectified Viscount motor operation. Here, waveform distortion of eU at the time of commutation is omitted.
When the control angle is 90 degrees, most of the power supplied by the armature winding is delayed reactive power, and the active power is ``Armature winding 2~DC reactor flea iron loss~copper loss,'' Since only the forward voltage drop of the thyristor of the converter 4 (several percent or less) is required, the power required to drive the DC motor is the sum of the above losses and the mechanical loss itself, which is generally The first feature is that it requires only a small amount of power, less than 20% of the testing machine rating.

The armature reaction due to the fundamental wave component of the armature current iU in Fig. 2 becomes a demagnetizing effect, and the armature induced voltage eU decreases from the magnitude indicated by the broken line to the magnitude indicated by the solid line. , the commutation lead angle of the load commutated non-commutator motor is 8.
They are similar in that they also show a demagnetizing effect at around 60 degrees at the rated time, but the difference is that the demagnetization is sin90o: sin60
o = 1:0.866 "In other words, this test method is about 15% larger than when the non-commutated motor operates.
However, with commutation, there is resistance loss due to the current flowing through the damper, that is, damper loss, and fluctuations in the air gap magnetic field due to the product of each harmonic current included in the 120 degree square wave flowing through the armature winding and the transient impedance. It is theoretically clear that the harmonic iron loss caused by It can be said that the degree of approximation of the measurement is quite high.This measurement is obtained by subtracting other losses from the input power of the drive motor.In this case, even though this test method measures only the losses, it is difficult to measure the input power during the combination test. The second feature is that the measurement accuracy is higher than in the case where most of the output is effective, as in the case of a motor with no commutator. Vibration of the motor itself also causes noise.

Its size depends on the size and phase of the flow, and although an exact solution has been given, it is approximately proportional to the F3sin flow. la, the armature current L field current, and the effective commutation lead angle respectively. In this test method, since it corresponds to 8:90, if the armature current is reduced to a sin90o white light, the equivalent torque pulsation will occur, and in that state, the vibration and noise of each part will be measured. In reality, it is corrected more accurately using exact scales.A variable that is difficult to predict in commutatorless motor operation is the commutation amount angle u shown in FIG.

This means that even though the slack angle u is an important amount for driving stability, the overlap angle u is cos(8-u)-cos8=
2 pages oc. As mentioned above, from the relationship of Xc nozo 6eu,
By calculating the commutation reactance x c from the overlap angle u and the measurement of each quantity in this test method, the overlap angle u during non-commutated Viscount motor operation can be determined. Tiles here too. c is a DC current flowing through the DC reactor SI. In this test method, the internal phase difference angle (8.

-8) cannot be directly determined, but it can be calculated theoretically using constants calculated at the time of design and from each test described above. With this test method, it is possible to accurately calculate and estimate the standard efficiency during non-commutated current operation from the measurement calculation of the loss in each part based on square wave current at a given speed, and also to estimate the temperature rise in each part with this test method. I can do it.

In Fig. 1, a synchronizing signal generator 65 is used which obtains a synchronizing signal reference from the armature voltage as a synchronizing signal for the gate pulse generator 66, but this A detector may also be used.

The above explanation is for the case of 6-phase commutation, but for example, in the case of 12-phase commutation with two sets of armature windings with a phase shift of 30 degrees electrical angle, the forward converter shown in Fig. 1 may be used. If one is prepared, it will be possible to conduct an equivalence test on the same aircraft.

Furthermore, although a variable distance DC motor and its control device are used as the drive motor for the motor under test, this can be replaced with another induction motor with a constant distance, for example.

According to the equivalence test method of the present invention detailed above, the original power supply device, conversion device, load device, etc. required for the combination test are no longer required, and the drive motor with loss supply and thyristor forward conversion with current control device are used. By installing a test device that uses the device as a key component, we can evaluate various characteristics of the motor body of non-commutated motor devices with slightly different specifications and capacities, especially the damper loss peculiar to non-commutated motors based on square wave current. It is possible to accurately measure and test harmonic loss, vibration noise, and temperature rise, as well as reduce power costs, labor costs, schedules, and test locations.

In addition, the DC reactor must be installed for testing or
It goes without saying that the original components of the non-commutated Viscount motive device may be used.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an equivalent test device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a voltage and current waveform diagram for explaining the operation of the present invention. 1... Electric motor under test, 2... Rotation drive electric motor t3.
... Excitation device, Tortoise... Thyristor forward converter, 5... DC reactor 6... Current control device, Tortoise... Field winding, Tortoise 2... Armature winding, 6
1... Current command, 62... Detection current, 63... Comparator, 6
4...Current controller, 65...Synchronization signal generator ~ 66...
Gate signal generator. Figure 1 Figure 2

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A motor that rotationally drives the motor under test of the non-commutated motor device, a field winding of the motor under test, an excitation device that supplies the required field current and armature current to the armature winding, and a thyristor sequence. The input/output characteristics of the motor under test are determined by using a conversion device and a DC reactor as a DC load of the thyristor forward conversion device as main components, and using the rotation speed, field current, and armature current of the motor under test as main parameters. ,
An equivalent test method for non-commutator motors that measures temperature rise, etc. and estimates various characteristics of non-commutator motors.