JPS6010601B2 - Optical signal propagation device - Google Patents
Optical signal propagation deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6010601B2 JPS6010601B2 JP52001672A JP167277A JPS6010601B2 JP S6010601 B2 JPS6010601 B2 JP S6010601B2 JP 52001672 A JP52001672 A JP 52001672A JP 167277 A JP167277 A JP 167277A JP S6010601 B2 JPS6010601 B2 JP S6010601B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- optical signal
- optical
- signal propagation
- propagation device
- convex lens
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 30
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
- G02B6/2817—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using reflective elements to split or combine optical signals
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Communication System (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は光信号伝搬装置に関し、特に光信号の分岐、結
合器に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an optical signal propagation device, and particularly to an optical signal splitter and coupler.
一般に、従来のファイバー分岐の方法は入力信号が伝送
されているファイバー（以後主ファイバーと呼ぶ）のク
ラッド部をエッチング又はその他の方法により除去し、
コア部を露出した部分に、先端部のコアが露出した別の
ファイバーを接触させることにより、主ファイバーから
もれるェバネセント波を分岐する方法と、第１図のごと
く、ファイバー１の中間に挿入された、ハーフミラー２
からなる分汁皮器の透過光と反応光を別のファイバー１
′で取り出す方法とがある。In general, conventional fiber branching methods involve removing the cladding of the fiber carrying the input signal (hereinafter referred to as the main fiber) by etching or other methods.
One method is to branch out the evanescent waves leaking from the main fiber by bringing another fiber with an exposed core into contact with the exposed core part, and the other is to branch out the evanescent waves leaking from the main fiber by bringing another fiber with an exposed core into contact with the exposed core part.・Half mirror 2
The transmitted light and the reaction light of the separation skin made of
There is a way to take it out with '.
しかし、前者の方法では低次モードの波よりも高次モー
ドの波の方がェバネセント波成分が多いので、ファイバ
ーの曲り等によって伝搬モードが変化すると分Ｍ技量が
変化し、分岐方法としては不安定なものである。However, in the former method, the higher-order mode waves have more evanescent wave components than the lower-order mode waves, so if the propagation mode changes due to fiber bending, the M technique changes accordingly, making it unsuitable as a branching method. It is stable.
この問題を解決するにはモードスクランプラを挿入しな
ければならず、又挿入した錫合でも、挿入による損失が
加わる匁点が残る。又後者の方法では、ハーフミラー２
としてプリズム３が２個と集東レンズ４が３枚とが必要
となり、構造が複雑で製作が困難となる欠点があり、又
プリズム３及び集東レンズ４の表面５での反射が光損失
の原因となり、結合効率が下がる欠点があった。To solve this problem, it is necessary to insert a mode scrambler, and even with the inserted tin joint, there remains a momme point where loss due to insertion is added. Also, in the latter method, half mirror 2
As a result, two prisms 3 and three Shuto lenses 4 are required, which has the disadvantage that the structure is complicated and difficult to manufacture.Furthermore, reflection on the surface 5 of the prisms 3 and Shuto lenses 4 causes light loss. This has the disadvantage of lowering the coupling efficiency.
本発明は上記欠点を解消するためのもので、光伝送路の
分岐及び結合に於て、モードゆらぎによる分岐量の不安
定性をなくし、しかも簡単なしンズ系によって、効率良
く光信号の分岐及び結合を行なうことのできる光信号伝
搬装置を提供するものである。The present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks, and eliminates the instability of the amount of branching due to mode fluctuations in branching and coupling of optical transmission lines, and moreover efficiently branches and couples optical signals using a simple lens system. An object of the present invention is to provide an optical signal propagation device that can perform the following steps.
以下本発明を図面と共に実施例に基いて説明する。The present invention will be described below based on examples together with drawings.
第２図は本発明の一実施例を示す構成図であって、１１
′は一方の面が凸面を呈し、他方の面が凹面からなる凸
レンズであって、凹面側にハーフミラー１２′とし凹面
鏡を形成する。FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention, and shows 11
' is a convex lens in which one surface is convex and the other surface is concave, and a half mirror 12' is formed on the concave side to form a concave mirror.
このレンズに於て、凸レンズの焦点距離と凹面鏡の焦点
距離が等しくなるように屈折率と曲率を選ぶ、主ファイ
バー１３の端面をレンズの中心からの距離が焦点距離の
２倍となる位置で、光軸がレンズの中心を通る様に固定
する。一方分岐後のファイバー１５，１６の端面は、フ
ァイバー１３からの光が袋東する位置、即ちレンズの中
心からの距離が焦点距離の２倍となる点で、光軸はそれ
ぞれファイバー１３の透過光軸、反射光軸と一致する様
に固定する。この様に構成するとファイバー１３から一
様煤質に出た光はＮ．Ａ．で決まる関口角で広がるが、
凸レンズ１１′及び凹面鏡１２′の結像作用によって、
ファイバー１５，１６の端面で同じ関口角をもって集東
し「ファイバー１３の端面と同じ面積を持つスポットと
なる。次に上記実施例の装置に於て、ハーフミラーを形
成するかわりに多層誘電体膜を形成することによる本発
明の別の実施例について述べる。In this lens, the refractive index and curvature are selected so that the focal length of the convex lens and the focal length of the concave mirror are equal, and the end face of the main fiber 13 is located at a position where the distance from the center of the lens is twice the focal length. Fix it so that the optical axis passes through the center of the lens. On the other hand, the end faces of the fibers 15 and 16 after branching are at the point where the light from the fiber 13 overlaps, that is, the distance from the center of the lens is twice the focal length, and the optical axis is the point where the light transmitted through the fiber 13 is located. Fix it so that it matches the axis and reflected optical axis. With this configuration, the light emitted from the fiber 13 to the uniform soot is N. A. It spreads at the Sekiguchi angle determined by
Due to the imaging action of the convex lens 11' and the concave mirror 12',
The end faces of the fibers 15 and 16 are converged with the same Sekiguchi angle, resulting in a spot having the same area as the end face of the fiber 13.Next, in the apparatus of the above embodiment, instead of forming a half mirror, a multilayer dielectric film is formed. Another embodiment of the present invention will be described.
第３図に誘電体膜によるフィルターの特性を示す。実線
Ａは反射特性を示し、破線Ｂは透過特性を示す。入射光
信号の搬送波波長をＬ，ｆ２とし、ち，ｆ２‘ま第３図
の様にｆ．＜ｆｏ＜ｆ２とすると、ｆ，は透過し、ｆ２
は反射する。したがって凸レンズの一表面にフィル夕−
を形成することによってｆ，，ｆ２を分離してファイバ
ー１５，１６に取り出すことが出来る。また分岐だけで
なく、ファイバー１５，１６より搬送波長も，ｆ２の光
信号を放射させることにより、一つの光信号を重畳させ
る素子として用いる事も出来る。以上説明したように本
発明の光信号伝搬袋直は、一方の面が凹面であり他方の
面が凸面である凸レンズの凹面に形成された光半透過鏡
により、光信号が反射および透過されて集東するため、
光信号のすべての伝搬モードを同じ割合で分岐できるた
め、モードゆらぎによって分岐量が変化することはなく
、またレンズ系における光信号の不要な反射をほとんど
無くすことができるので、非常に効率良く光信号の伝搬
が行なえる。Figure 3 shows the characteristics of a filter using a dielectric film. A solid line A indicates a reflection characteristic, and a broken line B indicates a transmission characteristic. Let the carrier wavelength of the incident optical signal be L, f2, f2', f. If <fo<f2, then f, is transparent and f2
reflects. Therefore, there is a filter on one surface of the convex lens.
By forming , it is possible to separate f, , f2 and take them out into fibers 15 and 16. Furthermore, in addition to branching, by emitting an optical signal at the carrier wavelength f2 from the fibers 15 and 16, it can also be used as an element for superimposing one optical signal. As explained above, in the optical signal propagation lens according to the present invention, an optical signal is reflected and transmitted by an optical semi-transmissive mirror formed on the concave surface of a convex lens, one surface of which is concave and the other surface convex. In order to gather together,
Since all propagation modes of the optical signal can be split at the same rate, the amount of splitting will not change due to mode fluctuations, and unnecessary reflections of the optical signal in the lens system can be almost eliminated, making it possible to split the optical signal very efficiently. Signal propagation is possible.
さらに、本発明は、唯１枚のレンズによっても十分な効
果が得られるので、装置が非常に小型化し、かつ安価と
なる。またさらに本発明は、光信号の分岐のみだけでな
く、上記と同様の効果で光信号の結合が行なえ、異なる
波長の光信号の分離および結合も行なえる。また光半透
過鏡がグレーティングとフィル夕を重ね合わせたもので
あれば、グレーテイングによる分岐とフィル夕による分
岐が同時に行なえるのは明らかである。Furthermore, in the present invention, a sufficient effect can be obtained even with only one lens, so the device can be extremely compact and inexpensive. Furthermore, the present invention can not only branch optical signals, but also combine optical signals with the same effect as described above, and can also separate and combine optical signals of different wavelengths. Furthermore, if the optical semi-transmissive mirror is made by superimposing a grating and a filter, it is obvious that branching by the grating and branching by the filter can be performed at the same time.
第１図は従来の分岐装置の構成図、第２図は本発明の一
実施例を示す構成図、第３図は誘電体膜のフィルタ特性
図である。
１１′…凸レンズ、１２′…ハーフミラー。
第１図第２図
第３図FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a conventional branching device, FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a filter characteristic diagram of a dielectric film. 11'...Convex lens, 12'...Half mirror. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3
Claims (1)
ズと、前記凸レンズの凹面に形成された光半透過鏡とか
らなり、前記凸レンズの凹面側に第１の光伝送路を設置
し、前記第１の光伝送路から放射される光信号が前記光
半透過鏡で反射および透過されて集束するそれぞれの位
置に、第２および第３の光伝送路を設置してなることを
特徴とする光信号伝搬装置。 ２ 光半透過鏡が、多層誘電体膜よりなることを特徴と
する特許請求の範囲第１項に記載の光信号伝搬装置。 ３ 光半透過鏡が、ハーフミラーよりなることを特徴と
する特許請求の範囲第１項に記載の光信号伝搬装置。[Scope of Claims] 1. Consisting of a convex lens having one surface concave and the other surface convex, and a light semi-transmissive mirror formed on the concave surface of the convex lens, and a first light beam on the concave side of the convex lens. A transmission path is installed, and second and third optical transmission paths are installed at respective positions where the optical signal emitted from the first optical transmission path is reflected and transmitted by the optical semi-transmissive mirror and is focused. An optical signal propagation device characterized by: 2. The optical signal propagation device according to claim 1, wherein the optical semi-transmissive mirror is made of a multilayer dielectric film. 3. The optical signal propagation device according to claim 1, wherein the light semi-transmissive mirror is a half mirror.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP52001672A JPS6010601B2 (en) | 1977-01-10 | 1977-01-10 | Optical signal propagation device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP52001672A JPS6010601B2 (en) | 1977-01-10 | 1977-01-10 | Optical signal propagation device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5387244A JPS5387244A (en) | 1978-08-01 |
| JPS6010601B2 true JPS6010601B2 (en) | 1985-03-19 |
Family
ID=11507999
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP52001672A Expired JPS6010601B2 (en) | 1977-01-10 | 1977-01-10 | Optical signal propagation device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6010601B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5670507A (en) * | 1979-11-15 | 1981-06-12 | Fujitsu Ltd | Light branching multiplex circuit device |
| EP0068037B1 (en) * | 1981-06-27 | 1985-01-30 | DR.-ING. RUDOLF HELL GmbH | Optical beam splitting system |
| JP2579159Y2 (en) * | 1990-10-04 | 1998-08-20 | 旭光学工業株式会社 | Optical prism |
-
1977
- 1977-01-10 JP JP52001672A patent/JPS6010601B2/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5387244A (en) | 1978-08-01 |
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