JPS6010709B2 - scale peeling device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a method for peeling a large amount of the epidermis of a bulb by cutting grooves on the outer periphery of the epidermis of the bulb and peeling the grooved epidermis reliably and at high speed using compressed air. This invention relates to a scale peeling device that enables this.

In general, scales such as onions and garlic are used as cooking ingredients, but when cutting them into pieces for specific uses, the scales and their epidermis must be peeled off, and they are processed in large quantities. When attempting to do so, manual means is reliable but time consuming and inevitably increases labor and manufacturing costs, so mechanical means must be used.

Conventionally, the most effective method for exfoliating the skin and skin is to inject compressed air.

For example, in the process of peeling an onion using a device equipped with this method, compressed air is injected onto the scales that have been transferred to the transfer section in several layers to remove the epidermis, the scales are further shredded through a pongee cutting process, and then the scales are shredded using a jet of air. It was used as a cooking ingredient by adding and exfoliating it. However, simply blowing compressed air without making cuts on the outer periphery of the epidermis will not work.
It has the following drawbacks.

In other words, when blowing compressed air from an air nozzle onto an onion or the like to peel off the skin, if the nozzle is positioned above the onion's stem and the distance is not appropriate, the peeling may not be done reliably. come. There is a conventional example in which the above distance can be adjusted in stages according to the size of the onions, etc., but it is very difficult to set the nozzle at an appropriate position for peeling when handling large quantities. This makes it difficult to remove the skin, and conventional peeling devices lack reliability. For this reason, after placing the blade around the hole to penetrate the onion and forming a cut or groove on the outer periphery of the onion,
There is a conventional example in which compressed air is blown.

However, this method cannot effectively peel the onions unless the onions are sufficiently uniform in size, and is not suitable for processing in large quantities. For this reason, there is a conventional example disclosed in Jitseki Publication No. 56-104395 which makes it possible to peel a large amount of onions. However, in the above conventional example,
Onions transported by a belt conveyor are usually in a state where the root side is in contact with the belt conveyor, so the cut grooves are formed by the first and second cutter devices that rotate after the onions are transported. Therefore, when kerfs are formed, each onion may not rotate smoothly, and kerf grooves may not be formed over the outer circumference of the onion, but may only be formed at the same location or locally. Further, in the configuration of the conventional example, there is a problem that the bulb is transferred forward before a sufficient cut groove is formed on the outer periphery of the bulb due to the transfer rotation.

Therefore, peeling cannot be performed reliably, resulting in a lack of reliability. Furthermore, there is a related example in which a groove for accommodating onions is spirally provided on the circumferential surface of the cylindrical mesh body, and a blade is arranged inside this groove to form a cutting groove with the blade. It becomes difficult to change the height of the blade for objects with different skin thicknesses. Furthermore, the peeling speed was not sufficient for large quantities of onions. The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and
A means for transporting the scales at an appropriate speed is formed, a means is provided on the outer periphery of the scale while rotating the scales, and a cut groove is formed on the outer periphery of the scale to facilitate exfoliation of the epidermis, and a means for regulating the transport speed of the scales is formed. The scales are provided with a means for regulating the feed of the scales, which makes it easier to cut grooves on the outer periphery of the scales, and a means for injecting air into the scales with the grooves, thereby making it possible to reliably exfoliate the epidermis in a short time. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a peeling device for the skin.

The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an outline of an embodiment of the present invention with a part cut away from the side, FIG. 2 shows an outline of the drive system shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 shows the roller portion shown in FIG. 1. Figure 4 shows an enlarged view of the rotary saw from the front side; Figure 5 shows an enlarged view of the injection section from the side; Figure 6 shows an enlarged view of the structure of the Ean nozzle. show.

An embodiment of the bulb peeling apparatus 1 will be described using a bulb (hereinafter referred to as onion) to be peeled as shown in FIG. 1 as an example.

), a hopper 2 with a funnel-shaped bottom that serves as an input port; a transfer section 4 that transfers onions 3 on the bottom side of the hopper 2 at an appropriate speed and in an appropriate quantity; and a hopper 2 that rotates each transferred onion 3. While moving forward one by one, a rotating blade makes slit-like cuts or kerfs on the outer periphery of the skin of each onion 3, and the skin of each onion 3 with the kerfs is sprayed with compressed air to remove the skin. It is composed of a peeling section 5. The hopper 2 is made of steel, for example, and is coated with a food-grade harmless paint (for example, s-pan fiRtE), and is formed by coating the inside thereof three times.

The transfer section 4 is formed of a first horizontal transfer section 6 in the horizontal direction and a second vertical transfer section 7 in the vertical direction. Pulleys 8 and 9 (only one of each is shown in the figure).

), a belt-shaped belt 10 is stretched across the belts in a substantially horizontal direction, and as shown in FIG. Each onion 3 on the top is sent out forward (to the right in FIG. 1) as indicated by arrow A, and each onion 3 is transferred to a vertical transfer section 7 provided at the front adjacent to a pulley 8. There is. In this case, the amount of onions 3 to be transferred can be variably set by adjusting the stop time and operation time using an operation timer (not shown). Note that the belt 10 is made of food grade belt material.

On the other hand, the vertical transfer section 7 has roller chains 14 (for example, in FIG. 1, roller chains 14 are provided on both sides in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper, but only one of them is shown in the figure).

) are stretched across the roller chain 14, and as shown in FIG. (with respect to the roller chain 14 direction) multiple machines 1 at predetermined intervals
6, 16,...te 16 are installed, each horizontal bar 1
6 has claws 16A, 16A that serve as shelves for placing onions 3.
, . . . , 16A are installed in large numbers in a rectangular shape. When the roller chain 14 is fed out vertically upward at a predetermined speed as indicated by the arrow B, each pawl 16A forms an angle of slightly 4 mm from the right angle, so that too many onions 3 are placed on top at the beginning. The onions 3 are formed so that even if the onions 3 are crushed, a certain amount of onions 3 will fall and be transported at a predetermined speed when being transported upward. A net 17 or the like is provided inside the rolled roller chain 14 to prevent the onions 3 from spilling out. Further, the transfer speed of the roller chain 14 is configured to be variable steplessly.

Each onion 3 transferred upward by the vertical transfer section 7 rotates around the upper outer periphery of the sprocket 12 and is conveyed downward, so that it rolls on the crosspiece 18 arranged in an oblique manner. It is configured to be fed into the front peeling section 5.

Note that the rear end side of the crosspiece 18 has the claws 16A, 16A,
. . , 16A, each claw 16A can pass through the rear end side of the crosspiece 18 without colliding with each other. The peeling section 5 has a large number of rollers 19 on the lower side on which each onion 3 is placed.
, 19, .
9'..., 19, a rotary saw 23 is disposed, which is removably attached to the mounting plate 21 and is formed so that the tip of the blade 22 slightly protrudes from the outer periphery.

On the other hand, on the upper side of the peeling section 5, a roller chain 26 is passed around sprockets 24A, 24B, 24C, and 24D arranged at the four corners on both sides, and as shown in FIG. 24A is rotationally driven, thereby sprockets 24A, 24B, 24
The roller chain 26 that is passed around C and 240 is marked by the arrow D.
It is configured to be driven as shown in .

Like the roller chain 14 in the vertical transfer section 7 described above, the roller chain 26 has claws 28, 28, .
A large number of claws 8 are provided in a wedge shape, and each claw 28 is connected to the roller chain 2.
6 at a predetermined speed, the rollers 19, 19, slightly lower than the roller chain 26, in the horizontal band-shaped portion between the sprockets 248, 24C.
. . . 19 or each onion 3 which is rotatably driven by a rotary saw 23 (in the opposite direction to the rotation of each roller 19) is threshed by horizontal bars 27, 27 adjacent to each other in the front and rear direction. Claws 28, 28. . . , 28, and a feed regulating means is formed to feed the material forward at a set transfer speed (carrying speed) as shown by the arrow ◯.

The transfer speed is set in accordance with the speed at which the onions 3 are fed from the vertical transfer section 7. Further, adjacent claws 28 are partitioned at predetermined intervals in the front-rear direction.
28' Therefore, the position of the onion 3 sent from the rear is regulated so that it does not go too far forward, or each roller 1 is
9, it also plays the role of a stopper to keep it within a set range when it is rotated. In addition, each of the claws 28 is molded using, for example, urethane.
Also, claws 28, 28, ..., 2 protruding in the left and right direction.
There are guides 29 on both sides of the onion 3 to prevent the onion 3 from spilling.
It is regulated by 29. Furthermore, the loafs 19, 19 . . . . , 19 is provided with an injection section 31 having a large number of air nozzles 30 for ejecting compressed air, and this injection section 31 can be adjusted in the vertical direction steplessly as will be described later. The skin of each onion 3, which has a cut groove in its skin, is blown downward by the compressed air that is ejected by reciprocating in the left-right direction perpendicular to the front-rear direction at the set height, and the skin is peeled off. Each onion 3 is sent to the next process from the exit via a step 32.

As shown in FIG.
Each rotary shaft 34 rotatably supported by is provided with a hole through which the rotary koji 34 can be inserted, and a disc-shaped part 35 whose outer periphery is rounded with a predetermined radius of curvature, for example. It is formed by attaching annular support members 36 that are smaller than the member 35 and have a certain thickness in a manner that they are alternately stacked, and is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of each disc-shaped member 35 that protrudes from the support member 36. The added friction causes each onion 3 to rotate in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of each roller 19. Since the protruding disk-shaped members 35 of the rollers 109, 19 adjacent in the front-rear direction are arranged so as to be continuous in the front-rear direction, most of the onions 3 are adjacent to each other in the left-right direction as shown in FIG. The rotation rotates around an axis connecting the root side and the stem side by contacting the protruding disc-shaped member 35, and the rotation causes the adjacent roller 19 or the adjacent loaf 19 in the front-rear direction to rotate.
The blades 22 are configured to be stably attached to the rotary saw legs 23 arranged so as to protrude toward the intervening member 36 side that forms the recessed portion. (Each blade 22 is
The present invention also includes arranging it so that it coincides with the convex portion on the side. )
Note that the rotation speed of each roller 19 or rotary saw 23 is set higher than the speed of each claw 28. Also, each roller 1
9 is molded using, for example, urethane. As shown in FIG. Each of the blades 22 formed to make a cut is divided into two parts of each thick-walled disc-shaped attachment member and fixed in between so that only the tip portion of the blade 22 on the outer periphery protrudes. are attached to a shaft 37 rotatably supported by bearings disposed on both sides perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the roller 9 and the same machine, so as to be overlapped at a constant interval equal to that of the roller 19. There is.

The rotary saw 23 is attached to a mounting plate 21 shown in FIG.
For example, four pieces (of course, more or less pieces may be used) are attached to the onion, and the upper two pieces are used to form a slit-like cut in each onion 3, and the mounting plate 21 is By rotating the blade 22, it becomes possible to use another rotary saw 23 on the upper side, and by removing the fixing nut etc. at the end, it is possible to use another rotary saw 23 with a different protruding part at the tip of the blade 22 or a roller. It can be used in exchange for 19.
Therefore, for example, 0.5 [sail],
By attaching rotary saws 23 with blades 22 of 0.75 [rib] and 1 [sail] having different protrusion amounts, the depth of the cut can be varied according to the size of the onion 3. ing. Additionally, blades 22 are arranged at regular intervals in the left and right direction.
, 22, . . . , 23 with different adjacent spacings may also be used.

Each of the blades 22 is made of, for example, AI20395%, Si023
%, Ca00.5%, Fe2030.5%, SIC0.
It is made of ceramic formed by sintering 5% and 0.5% (of course, metals other than ceramic may also be used).

), the mounting material for pressing each blade 22 is made of Teflon, Delrin, or the like. On the other hand, an injection section 31 for blowing off the skin by blowing compressed air from above each onion 3 whose outer periphery has been cut with the rotary saw 23 is constructed as shown in FIG.

That is, the rotational movement of the motor 39 by the cam mechanism 38 is
This is converted into a reciprocating motion of the connecting rod 41.The tip of the connecting rod 41 (the left end in the figure) is attached loosely to the approximate center of the pipe section 42 in which a passage for compressed air is formed. , this pipe member 42 is reciprocated in the left and right direction shown by arrow E (directions on both sides of the front and back direction through which each onion 3 is fed), and is moved at six locations on the lower side around the tip of this pipe member 42, for example. It is constructed so that compressed air is injected downward from each air nozzle 30 formed to protrude (two air nozzles (not shown) are provided on each side of the air nozzles 30 in the vertical direction in the plane of the drawing). .

) The pipe member 42 to which each nozzle 30 is attached to the tip side is formed with an elevating mechanism that allows its height (that is, the distance from each onion 3) to be adjusted steplessly. That is,
As shown in FIG. 5, by means of a screw 44 that is fixed or formed on the central axis of the rotary handle 43 and that moves up and down in a cat-toothed manner, a portion of the horizontal portion of the pipe member 42 that is slightly closer to the hand than the center of the pipe member 42 can be raised. A screw jack 45 is formed whose height is raised and lowered steplessly, that is, continuously raised and lowered (this is not limited to the screw jack 45, but may be a rack-driven jack using a rack, a horizontal jack, etc.).

). When the pipe section 42 is raised and lowered steplessly,
The pipe member 4 is located at a position where the tip of the continuous ridge 41 is attached so that the horizontal portion of the pipe member 42 is not obliquely inclined.
2 is supported by a spiral shaped member 46 that is guided by an inner guide member and can move up and down on its outer periphery,
Similarly, the counterfeit table 47 in the cam mechanism 38 is also supported by a bellows-like member 48 having a similar function.

On the other hand, each air nozzle 30' is formed as shown in FIG.

That is, the outer periphery of the proximal end side and the distal end side of the inner cylinder 52, in which the circulation hole 51 that serves as a passage for compressed air is formed in the center, is made small in diameter, and the outer periphery of this distal end side is provided with a diameter in the axial direction. Thin vertical groove 53
are formed in large numbers, and are sucked into the compressed air flow discharged from the tip end through the inner circulation hole 51, so that the air on the side circumference side passes through each vertical groove 53 and moves around the outer circumference of the compressed air flow. It is configured to be discharged in a covering manner.

The proximal end side of the inner cylinder 52 is provided with an inner hole that fits into the circulation hole 51, and the front end of an air intake member 55 is provided with air intake holes 54 on the outer periphery of the side and several places on the outer periphery of the inner hole. It is fixed by being brought into the Sekiguchi area. This air intake member 55 is formed by cutting out the outer periphery of a cylindrical member and forming flange portions 56A, 56B, and 56C at three locations such that the rear side has a smaller diameter. The flange portion 56A having the maximum outer diameter has an inner diameter that is iron-fitted to the proximal end portion of the inner tube 52, and a flange portion 57 is formed on the outer periphery of the end portion of the flange portion 57 of the outer tube 58. It is molded to be equal to the outer diameter of. The hole 54 provided in the air intake member 55 splits in the middle and closes at the rear end surface of the flange portion 56A and the rear end surface of the flange portion 66B, thereby removing air around the outer periphery of the flange portion 56B. It is shaped so that it can be taken in.

Thus, the outer cylinder 58 which is iron-coupled with the inner cylinder 52 is compressed by screwing the cylindrical fixing part 59 into a mounting member 60 having a hole along the central axis. Fixed.

Several holes 61 are formed on the outer periphery near the center of the side of the cylindrical fixing part village 59, and the flange parts 56A, 56
It is formed so that air can be sucked into the hole 54 from the open □ end facing the rear end side of B, and the air sucked through each hole 54 flows between the outer periphery of the inner cylinder 52 and the inner periphery of the outer cylinder 58. It is configured to be guided to the longitudinal and lateral 53 sides through the gaps between them. A female thread is formed on the inner periphery of the rear end of the fixing member 59, and is detachably fixed by screwing this female thread to a male thread formed on the outer periphery of the front end of the mounting member 60. A male thread formed on the outer periphery can be attached to the pipe member 42.

The compressed air sent through the pipe section 42 then passes through the inner hole of the mounting member 60, and further the inner hole of the air intake member 55 where the rear end flange 56C is fitted to the mounting member 60. A flow path is formed for the compressed air that is guided to the flow velocity hole 51 side of the inner cylinder 52 and discharged from the tip of the flow hole 51. Compressed air is discharged through this path, and the discharged air is
As a means to prevent the air from gradually expanding due to air resistance (in a substantially stationary state) and from rapidly decreasing its velocity, an air circulation path is formed around the side of the compressed air circulation path, and the An air flow is formed that is sucked into the flow of the discharged compressed air, so that the discharged compressed air is injected with almost no resistance. In other words, an injection means is formed in which the compressed air is vigorously discharged forward without being subjected to much resistance from the surrounding air. In addition, rollers 19, 19,...
The bottom side of 19 is a garbage box that stores the skins of onions 3, and by pressing the slide member 62 provided on the rear side of the bottom forward as shown by arrow F, it slides to the forward position shown by the virtual pig. The member 62 is configured to slide, and its front end face rotates to push up and open a lid 63 that opens the discharge port, allowing the epidermis to be discharged.

Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the motor 11, 15, etc. are housed in a box-shaped container in order to reduce noise and prevent dust from entering.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the metal parts are made of steel or the like coated with many layers, as described above.

The operation of one embodiment of the present invention configured in this manner will be described below.

A large number of onions 3, 3, ..., 3 put into the hopper 2 are
The belt 1 in the horizontal transfer section 6 is loaded horizontally forward, and then in the vertical transfer section 7, the claws 16A. 16A, . . . , 16A and sent upward through the rear crosspiece 18 to the peeling section 5.

Each onion 3 fed into the peeling section 5 comes into contact with each roller 19 that is driven to rotate as shown by arrow C, and is rotated in the opposite direction by friction with the roller 19 that is in contact with it. Each onion 3 is attached to a claw 28, 28.・・・・・・
. , 28, the onions 3 are divided into portions at predetermined intervals and sent out forward as shown by arrow D at a predetermined speed. The above roller 19,1
Since a rotary saw 23 is disposed in the middle of the rotary saws 9, . At the same time, an incision is made in the skin of each onion 3 that touches the tip of the blade 22, and due to friction with the attachment member adjacent to the tip of the blade 22, each onion 3 is cut in the same manner as on the roller 19 in front. Since it rotates in the opposite direction to the rotary saw 23, an incision is made over the outer circumference of the epidermis. Each onion 3 that has been cut in this way is
The outer skin is peeled off downward by the compressed air that is sequentially sent to the roller 19 side arranged in front, and is injected from each air nozzle 30 above.

In this case, since a notch is made on the outer periphery of each onion 3, the injected air enters the inside of the skin through the notch, and the skin is separated or easily separated by the notch. There is no need to aim the spray at a specific position on the stem side of each onion 3), and the outer skin can be reliably blown off or peeled off simply by spraying on the arbitrary outer periphery of each onion 3. In this case, since each onion 3 is rotated, peeling is more effective than when the onions 3 are transferred without being rotated. Furthermore, since the time for exfoliating the epidermis can be shortened, it is possible to exfoliate a large amount of skin at high speed or in a short period of time. In the case of the above, the air nozzle 30 has a structure in which the compressed air flow injected from the air nozzle 30 does not weaken much over a long distance so as to involve the surrounding air.
This allows for faster and more reliable skin removal. Each onion 3 from which the unnecessary outer skin has been peeled off or exfoliated in this manner is passed through the crosspiece 32 and sent to the next process from the outlet.

On the other hand, the skin that has been blown away or peeled off is stored in a trash can below the rollers 19, 19, . . .
It can be discharged to the outside of the discharge port by pressing as shown in . Therefore, in advance, the transfer speed (of the belt 10) in the horizontal transfer section 6, the transfer speed (of the belt 10) in the vertical transfer section 7,
A. ..., conveyed by 16A), the rotational speed of each roller 19 in the peeling section 5, and the claws 28, 28, ..., which are attached to the roller chain 26 via a horizontal bar 28, ...
, 28 is set to an optimum value according to the size of the onion 3, the onion 3 is automatically put into the hopper 2, and the peeled onion 3 comes out from the outlet.

Note that the means for transferring in the present invention includes not only the horizontal and vertical portions of the transfer section 4 but also the means for transferring in the peeling section 5. In the above embodiment, the transfer section 4 includes a section in the horizontal and vertical directions. Although it is configured to be transported, it is of course not limited to this, and for example, it may be configured to be transported along a slope.

Furthermore, the spraying section 31 in the peeling section 5 is not limited to having three air nozzles 30 arranged in two rows in the front-rear direction as in the above embodiment, and the direction of reciprocating movement is also different from that in the above embodiment. can do.

For example, a large number of air nozzles 30, 30 . ...
. . , 30 can be arranged and reciprocated in the front-rear direction to function as the same machine, or they can be reciprocated in a direction oblique to the front-rear direction. Incidentally, when a large number of strips are arranged along the left and right direction, it may be possible to remove the strips sufficiently without reciprocating them.

Moreover, each blade 22 of the rotary saw 23 is not perpendicular to the shaft 37, but is installed obliquely, so that each onion 3
In some cases, it may be possible to remove the skin sufficiently by making a spiral cut in the epidermis.

Further, the outer circumferential surface around each blade 23 of the attachment member that holds each blade 22 of the rotary saw 23 is configured so that it touches the outer periphery of each onion 3 and is then rotated by friction at the shark part. However, in order to make it easier to rotate, the outer circumferential surface around the blade 22 may be roughened, or unevenness may be provided on the outer circumference of the tire.

In the above embodiment, onion 3 is used as an example, but the present invention can be similarly applied to other bulbs such as garlic.

As described above, according to the present invention, incisions are made on the outer peripheral surface of the scales being transferred to make it easier to peel off the epidermis. It is possible to exfoliate the epidermis reliably in a short period of time without any need for exfoliation, and is very effective when a large amount of epidermis must be exfoliated.

In addition, the transport speed of the scale is regulated by the transport regulating means, so that the scale is not transported forward before a sufficient cut groove is formed on the outer periphery of the scale due to the transport rotation, and the epidermis can be exfoliated by air injection. This has the effect of forming sufficient grooves on the outer periphery.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 6 relate to one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing the entire embodiment with a part cut away, and FIG. 2 is an explanation showing the drive system in FIG. 1. Figure 3 is an enlarged schematic front view of the roller portion in Figure 1, Figure 4 is a schematic front cross-sectional view of the rotary saw in Figure 1, and Figure 5 is a schematic front sectional view of the rotating saw in Figure 1. Front view showing the dried sardine structure,
FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing the structure of the air nozzle. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Peeling device, 2...Hotspa, 3...Onion, 4...Transfer section, 5...Peeling section, 1
0...Belt, 12, 13, 24A, 24B,
24C, 24D...Subrocket, 14, 26...
Roller chain, 16, 27...Horizontal bar, 16A
,28...Claw, 18,32...Piece,
19...roller, 22...blade, 23...
... Rotating saw, 30... Air nozzle, 38... Cam mechanism, 45... Screw jack. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a scale peeling device that exfoliates the epidermis of a scale by injecting air from a nozzle, a rotary transfer means that rotates the scale in the opposite direction and transports it forward by the friction of contact;
a kerf forming means for forming a kerf on the outer periphery of the bulb while abutting on the bulb in the middle of the transfer means and rotating the corresponding bulb; a scale feeding regulating means that moves in the transport direction of the scale to facilitate the formation of a cut groove on the outer periphery of the bulb, and a scale peeling means that exfoliates the epidermis by injecting air to the bulb with the cut groove formed on the outer periphery. A scale peeling device characterized by comprising: