JPS6013091B2 - Frame construction method for wooden buildings - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a frame construction method for constructing a wooden house using standardized wood as a structural material.

The method of constructing a wooden house using standardized lumber is 2"
A two-by-four construction method using 4" timber is already known. This two-by-four construction method has been developed as a frame construction method, but the intermediate pillars other than the fourteen corners are cut at each floor.

2. Position the joists on site.

3. Since the floor is used as a work surface and the walls are covered, it is not good for the durability of the floor material due to rain.

4 It is difficult to make lines.

05 Joining is only by nailing.

Therefore, in order to build a wooden house that is compatible with Japan's climate and natural features, it is said that further improvements to the process and structure are necessary.

This invention was conceived in view of the above points, and
It is a mari-frame structure that can be easily accepted by those who have built wooden houses unique to Japan for many years, and the pillars, beams,
Joists etc. are connected using composite pillars made of a pair of standardized timbers,
The purpose of this invention is to provide a new method for making lotuses that can be easily and accurately done at the position of a gusset plate provided on a composite beam without having to perform positioning on site.

This invention for the above purpose standardizes the wood for beams and joists and the wood for pillars and studs to form a basic structure, and uses standardized wood as a single piece for joists, studs, etc. For pillars, beams, etc., a pair of pieces of wood of the same size are used as a composite material that is joined together with a gusset plate interposed between them, and the gusset plate and the groove of the wood or synthetic material fit together. This is a construction method in which the columns, beams, studs, and even joists are repositioned, and the surface material is finally applied to the entire wall including the joints mentioned above to integrate the joints.

'Also, in this invention, in order to increase the strength by applying the surface material over the entire surface, the joints of columns, beams, and studs are constructed flush, and for this reason, the thickness of the composite material including the gusset plate is standardized. The dimensions are taken to be equal to the dimensions of the carved wood, and are formed using this as a reference.

The present invention will be explained in detail below using illustrated examples.

Figure 1 shows standardized timber 1 used as pillars and studs.
The cross-sectional dimensions of 1 and the pair of wood 11 are gusseted.
12 shows a cross-sectional shape of a composite column 13 formed by joining two columns together with a groove 12 in between.

FIG. 2 also shows the cross-sectional dimensions of a standardized timber 11a used as a beam or joist, and a composite beam 14 constructed by joining two pairs of timbers 11a with a gusset plate 12 in between. It shows the cross-sectional shape.

In the cross-sectional shape of the composite pillar 13, the thickness b and the middle a of the timber 11, which is used independently as a stud, are the sum of the thicknesses of the two timbers 11, 11, 2b'.
The length of one side is a, which is the sum of the thickness c of When used as a stud, it can be constructed flush with the pillar.

In addition, the thickness of the wood 11a in the composite beam 14 is determined by the fact that the wood 11 is used as a stud and is joined flush to the composite pillar turtle 3.
Its dimension is b, and the length of the top and bottom sides of the composite beam turtle must be the same dimension a as the inside of the wood, and the inside
d is arbitrary depending on the thickness.

The standardization of wood explained above is based on completely different standards than those for 2'' x 4'' wood.

The gusset plate of the composite column 13 and composite beam 14 is
It is made of plywood, particle board, metal plate, etc., and in the case of composite columns 13, when joining the timbers 11 and 11 at each joint with the beam, it is larger than the beam and the remaining ends are exposed at the top and bottom. There is also a third layer in the gap between the pieces of wood.
As shown in the figure, filler plates 15 having the same thickness as the gusset plates 12 are sandwiched at regular intervals to prevent "flanks" that tend to occur in composite columns.

Also, no gusset plate is provided at the lower end of the composite column 13,
A gap is left and the roof joint is made to protrude at the top end. In addition, in the above-mentioned composite beam 14, ``As shown in Fig. 4, the gusset plate 12 is sandwiched between the upper and lower sections of the stud at each location where the studs are attached,'' thereby making it easier to position the studs, joists, etc. It's like this.

In addition, insert filler plates in areas where there are no studs. FIG. 5 shows the Enoki 16, in which grooves 17 are cut into the bottom of both ends of the wood 11a, and the grooves 17 are inserted into the remaining ends of the gusset plates 12 of the composite beam 14 to determine the position. It is also used to prevent floor joists from shifting.

Further, the number of joists 16 is normally one, but in areas where the floor load is heavy in some areas, it can be accommodated by using two joists together or narrowing the interval. FIG. 6 shows the stud 18,
A groove 19 is made by notching the top and bottom of the wood 11,
This groove 19 is fitted with iron into the remaining end of the gusset plate 12 of the composite beam 14 for positioning.

It is also extremely effective for driving nails to join beams. Normally, one piece is used, but if necessary, two pieces can be used together. Next, talking about Hōkata, synthetic pillar 13
The gap formed at the end of the composite beam 14 is inserted into the gusset plate 12 of the gusset plate 12, and the shaft frame in the direction of the girder is assembled by joining them together with nails, bolts, adhesive, etc.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG.
, and the ball frame is bent onto this base 21. Figure 8 shows the joining mechanism of the foundation part, and the anchor bolts 22 of the foundation 20 are connected to the composite beam 14 between a pair of timber wings.
The rattan frame is fixed by using the gap 25a to fasten to the lowermost joint beam 25 of the shaft frame, which is constructed with the gusset plate 12 in between, in accordance with .

Once the shaft assembly in the direction of the girder is completed, the shaft frame in the direction between the beams is assembled.

This assembly is carried out on the beam 14 of the shaft frame in the girder direction.
The pillar 13 is sandwiched between two bases 16 made of wood 11a and joined together with bolts, nails, or the like. Figure 9 shows the joint structure of the joist 16 and the pillar 13, and the joist 1
6 and 16 are positioned by inserting grooves 17 into the gusset plates 12 on both sides of the pillar that protrude from the beam.
It is fastened to the pillar 13 with the bolt 26 inserted using the bolt 3a.

Once the frame assembly in the girder direction and between the beams has been completed as described above, the joists will be installed.

This joist has floor joists and roof joists, and these are joists 1
The grooves 17 at both ends of the beam 14 are fitted with iron into the gusset plate 12 of the assembled beam 14, and then joined with nails or the like. In the case of a flat roof, roof plywood (not shown in the diagram) is placed on top of the roof joists, and roof folding boards are placed on top of that. In addition, in the case of a pitched roof, the beams in the direction between the beams are constructed according to the root size of the roof, the framework is strengthened, roof trusses are placed, roof plywood is placed, and slate, straw, etc. are then thatched on top of the roof trusses. The lotus insertion of stud 18 was done after the floor joists were installed.
In the direction of the girder, the foundations 19 at the upper and lower ends are fitted into the gusset plates 12 of the Shigoku beams 14 and the above-mentioned dowel beams 25, and are joined to the beams and floor joists using nails or the like. Further, in the inter-beam direction, it is inserted between a pair of joists 16 provided with the column 13 in between, 16a, and joined to the joists with nails or the like. Finally, as shown in Fig. 10, surface material 27 is pasted not only on the surfaces of the columns 13t, beams 14, and studs 18, but also on the entire surface of the wall to integrate the above-mentioned joints and increase the strength of the frame. increase. As mentioned above, this invention is a joist made of standardized wood itself.
Assemble the studs and the synthetic material columns and beams by joining a pair of wood studs with a gusset plate in between, using the gusset plate and the grooves or gaps of each member, and glue the surface material to integrate each joint. Since the structure is made of aluminum, it becomes easy to position each member, and the joining accuracy is improved and the horizontal and vertical strength is also increased.

In addition, since the joists can be used as beams in the direction between the beams, the erection of beams can be omitted, shortening the construction period, and has the following advantages over the two-by-four construction method. '1
'Through columns can be easily inserted in areas other than the four corners.

[Since iron is inserted into the gusset plate of the composite beam with 21 joists, the work is accurate and quick.

[31Mari frame can be built and roof construction can be done in advance,
It is adapted to our country's rainy climate.

■ By increasing the size of the gusset plates for pillars and beam joints, it becomes possible to insert braces, places, etc., and the facing materials can be chosen freely.

{51 Since it can be used in combination with bolts, Fujigumi can be formed quickly.

{6' It is easy to standardize ordinary wood as a structural material.
Therefore, there are no restrictions on materials and costs can be reduced.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings illustrate the frame construction method for a wooden building according to the present invention. Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a composite column and its timber, Figure 2 is a cross-sectional diagram of a composite beam and its timber, and Figure 3 is a cross-sectional diagram of a composite beam and its timber. The figure is a perspective view of a composite column, Figure 4 is a perspective view of a composite beam, Figure 5 is a perspective view of a joist,
Figure 6 is a perspective view of the studs, Figure 7 is a perspective view showing how the sea bream frame is folded, Figure 8 is a perspective view of the joint structure of the base, Figure 9
The figure is a perspective view of the joint structure between the base and the pillar, and FIG. 10 is an elevational view with a part of the building cut away. 11, 11a...Wood, 12...Gusset plate, 13...Composite column (column), 14...Composite beam (beam), 16...Plate thickness, 17,19 ...groove, 1
8...Evening...Studs. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Wood for columns and studs, and wood for beams and joists are standardized, and wood is used directly for studs, joists, etc., but for columns, beams, etc., a pair of pieces of wood of the same size is used as a guide. Hold the set plate 2
The composite material is used as a composite material joined together, and the columns, beams, studs, and joists are joined flush through the gusset plate provided with the composite material, and the beams in the direction between the beams are connected to the girders. A frame construction method for wooden buildings that uses joists installed on directional beams and integrates the joints of columns, beams, studs, etc. by gluing surface materials. 2. The frame construction method for a wooden building as set forth in claim 1, in which the structure of the beam in the inter-beam direction is two joists constructed by sandwiching composite columns between the beams in the girder direction. 3. The frame construction method for a wooden building according to claim 1, in which the columns and girder beams are joined by fitting the gusset plate of the joint part of the composite column into the gap provided by the composite beam. 4. The scope of the claims that the studs and joists are connected to the girder beams and columns by nails, bolts, etc. after fitting the gusset plates of the composite beams and columns into the grooves of each of the studs and joists. Frame construction method for wooden buildings as described in paragraph 1.