JPS6014131B2 - Manufacturing method of special bulky yarn - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improvement in a method for forming loops and entanglements in thermoplastic multifilament yarns through fluid turbulence treatment to produce bulky yarns having a texture and appearance similar to spun yarns. be.

A method of increasing the bulk of a multifilament yarn by forming loops or entanglements in the yarn by joining the multifilament yarn under fluid turbulence is well known.

However, bulky yarns that are simply multifilament yarns treated with fluid turbulence have the disadvantage that they tend to become untangled and lose bulk due to the tension they receive while passing through higher processing steps such as derusting from packages, knitting, and weaving. There is. The bulky yarn obtained by this method does not have the ability to restore bulkiness, unlike bulky yarns that have elasticity such as false twisted yarn, and once the entanglement that has been formed is unraveled, the bulkiness remains reduced. It has some drawbacks. In order to solve this drawback, attempts have been made to improve the bulkiness of the final product by imparting properties that potentially improve bulkiness to bulky yarns that have loops and entanglements. 50-8965
9.

The nuclear method is a method in which the multifilament yarn is brought into contact with a heating element under low tension, and after the heat is not uniformly transmitted to all the filaments, a fluid turbulence treatment is performed without applying substantial tension. This is a method for producing spun yarn-like bulky yarn that exhibits great bulk through heat treatment.

The bulky yarn obtained by this method has improved bulkiness compared to a multifilament yarn simply treated with fluid turbulence. However, the bulky yarn has the disadvantage that the loops tend to disappear due to the tension applied during high-order processing processes such as knitting and weaving, and the loss of the loops reduces the bulkiness and spun twill-like texture of the final product. Although it exhibits improved bulkiness compared to bulky yarns that are simply multifilament yarns treated with fluid turbulence, it still requires too much bulk and softness to exhibit excellent performance as a spun yarn-like bulky yarn. is insufficient, and the texture and appearance of spun yarn are still insufficient.

On the other hand, conventional multifilament yarns, especially multifilament yarns made of synthetic fibers, have been required to have uniformity in the length direction of the yarn in order to improve the uniformity of the product appearance of knitted fabrics.

For example, if the thickness unevenness in the longitudinal direction of a multifilament yarn is expressed as Worcester unevenness, the Worcester unevenness of a normal multifilament yarn is 0.3 to 0.6%, and at most 1
．． 2% or less is common. However, the striped fabric obtained by supplying such uniform multifilament yarn and using the bulky yarn processed to make it bulky has loops on the surface of the yarn, so although it has a texture and appearance similar to spun yarn, it is monotonous. It has a poor texture and appearance, and does not have an excellent spun yarn-like texture. The present inventors have particularly focused on the above-mentioned
As a result of intensive studies aimed at providing a bulky yarn with improved bulkiness and a more excellent spun yarn-like texture and appearance, the present invention has been achieved.

That is, in the present invention, a thermoplastic multifilament yarn having substantially no unstretched portions and having thickness unevenness in the length direction with a Worcester unevenness of 1.4% or more is fabricated in 5 to 60 female/fiber yarns.
The yarn is brought into contact with a heating body under a low tension of d to give a nonuniform thermal contraction rate in the length direction of the filaments constituting the yarn and between each filament in the same cross section of the yarn, and then subjected to fluid turbulence treatment. This is a method for producing special bulky yarn, which is characterized by forming loops and entanglements.

The bulky yarn obtained by the present invention is obtained by running multifilament yarn in contact with a heating element under low tension, and then subjecting it to fluid turbulence treatment, which has loops and entanglements, and has undergone non-uniform heat treatment. Therefore, the heat shrinkage rate of the same filament in the length direction and between filaments in the same cross section is uneven, and a large bulk can be obtained by heat treatment in the post-process, but by supplying multifilament yarn with high Worcester unevenness. The effect of non-uniform heat treatment is increased and the bulk is further improved.

In other words, the bulky yarn obtained by the present invention can increase the bulkiness after heat treatment more than the bulky yarn which is subjected to fluid turbulence treatment after non-uniform heat treatment under low tension using conventional techniques. Therefore, it is possible to emphasize the difference in bulkiness before and after heat treatment. Furthermore, when knitted fabrics obtained from bulky yarns with high Worcester unevenness are dyed, moderate dyeing non-uniformity occurs, making it possible to add depth to the color and further improve the aesthetic appearance of rope fabrics. . This effect is exhibited when the Worcester unevenness of the multifilament yarn supplied to the heating element treatment is 1.4% or more, and the effect is even greater when it is 1.6% or more. Therefore, in the present invention, the Worcester unevenness of the multifilament yarn is 1
．． It needs to be 4% or more, and more preferably 1.6% or more. The lower the bulkiness before heat treatment and the higher the bulkiness after heat treatment, the better the passage through higher processing steps, and the higher the bulkiness of the knitted fabric. 15cc/night and the bulk height after heat treatment is 20
It is preferably at least cc/ta, particularly preferably at least 22 cc/ta.

In order to make the bulk height less than 6 cc/ta before heat treatment, the number of loops must be reduced, which has the disadvantage of deteriorating the spun yarn-like texture and appearance. Since it is necessary to form a large size, it has the disadvantage that it is difficult to remove it from the rolled-up package.

In order to improve the passability of the bulky yarn through the higher-order processing steps and to obtain a Tachibana fabric with extremely high bulkiness, the larger the difference in bulkiness before and after the heat treatment of the bulky yarn, the better, and it is preferably 10 cc/ta or more. Preferably, 12 cc' or more is particularly preferable. If there is an unstretched part in the multifilament yarn, problems such as fusion occurring on the heating element and yarn breakage due to this are likely to occur when the multifilament yarn runs in contact with the heating element. Even in cases where this is not the case, extremely dark dyed areas are scattered in the dyed product in which stretched areas are present in the bulky yarn.
It is necessary that there be no unstretched portions, as this may reduce the aesthetic appearance. In order to obtain the multifilament yarn with high Worcester unevenness used in the present invention, in the shark yarn process, for example, (1) the paper yarn path is mechanically changed to give vibration to the yarn;

■ L/D of the mouthpiece discharge hole is 1. (However, L is the length of the cylindrical part of the nozzle discharge hole, and D is the diameter of the cylindrical part of the nozzle discharge hole.)

■ Decrease paper thread temperature.

■ Wind up without blowing cooling air.

■ Vary the winding speed electrically or mechanically.

It is obtained by drawing non-uniform undrawn yarn obtained under various spinning conditions.

In the drawing step, for example, (1) the yarn feeding speed and/or drawing speed are varied electrically or mechanically to change the drawing tension;

■ Stretch at a stretching temperature below Tg. ■ The stretching ratio is natural stretching ratio of the rough drawn yarn<stretching ratio<natural stretching ratio×1.
Stretch to a range of 3.

It can be obtained by stretching using various stretching conditions such as.

Furthermore, it is also possible to obtain a multifilament yarn with higher Worcester unevenness by combining the conditions of both processes. The multifilament yarn used in the present invention may be any one made of thermoplastic polymers such as homopolymers or copolymers such as polyester, polyamide, polyacrylic, and polyolefin. Incidentally, the thermoplastic multifilament yarn may contain a small amount of a pigment, an antistatic agent, a retardant, and the like. Further, the multifilament yarn used in the present invention preferably has a water shrinkage rate of 3% or more, more preferably 5% or more, from the viewpoint of running stability and bulkiness when running in contact with a heating body. In the present invention, the term "non-uniform heat shrinkage rate in the longitudinal direction of the filament" is defined as follows. Carefully take out any one filament from the non-uniformly heat-treated multifilament yarn, applying as much tension as possible, cut the filament into approximately 3 cm pieces at two arbitrary points, and tie one end of each with a pin clip to the other end. Fix the end with a load of 0.1/d,
Under a load of 0.1 t/d, the length L of the filament between the pin clip and the 0.1 t/d load is read with a cassette meter. In this case, L is set to be between 2.0 and 2.5. Next, the distance between the pin clip and the 0.1 m/d load was made slack so that the filament could be sufficiently shrunk by heat treatment, and the filament was treated at 200 x 0 for 5 minutes, and the distance was 0.1 m/d.
Under a load of d, the length L2 of the filament between the pin clip and a load of 0.1/d is read with a cassette meter. The dry heat shrinkage rate of the filament is determined by the following formula, and the length of the filament is determined if the measured values show a distribution and the average difference between the maximum and minimum values of 10 filaments is 3% or more, preferably 5% or more. It is defined that the thermal shrinkage rate in the transverse direction is non-uniform.

Filament shrinkage rate (%) = 3;

The multifilament yarn subjected to the non-uniform heat treatment is cut into approximately 3 pieces at an arbitrary point and separated into a total number of filaments equal to the number of filaments forming the yarn, with as little tension as possible.

Next, the dry heat shrinkage rate of the entire separated filament was measured using the same measuring method as the dry heat shrinkage rate in the longitudinal direction of the same filament described above, and the measured values showed a distribution, and each cross section was determined by measuring one fixed point. If the average difference between the maximum and minimum dry heat shrinkage rates of the filaments is 3% or more, preferably 5% or more, it is defined that the heat shrinkage rates among the filaments in the same cross section are non-uniform. .

The method for manufacturing bulky yarn of the present invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a preferred process of the present invention, in which a thermoplastic multifilament yarn 1 having a Worcester's unevenness of 1.4% or more and thickness unevenness in the length direction is used to derust a tensile yarn that suppresses fluctuations in tension. - 3 to the roller 4, and then under overfeed conditions between the roller 4 and the roller 6.
After bringing the filaments into contact with the heating element 5 under a low tension state of 5 to 60 9'd to give a non-uniform heat shrinkage rate between the filaments in the longitudinal direction of the filament and the cross-sectional direction of the multifilament, the roller 6 and the roller 9, the fluid is treated with a fluid turbulence nozzle 8 under overfeed conditions to form loops and entanglements, and then wound up with a winder 10.

The temperature of the heating element 5 needs to be above the secondary transition point and below the melting point of the supplied yarn, but is more preferably above the temperature at which the thermal shrinkage stress of the supplied yarn becomes maximum.

In addition, when contacting the heating element, the overfeed rate A% between the roller 4 and the roller 6 should be 4SAS15 and B≦
It is preferable to set A≦(Thing B+8) from the viewpoint of running stability on the heating body and the bulkiness of the obtained bulky yarn after heat treatment to be 20 cc/ta or more.
It is necessary to make contact in a low tension state of 0 female/d (
However, B is the boiling water shrinkage rate of the multifilament yarn). 5 o
If the tension is less than 'd, the non-uniformity of the heat transmitted to each filament increases, the difference in thermal shrinkage increases, the potential bulkiness increases, but running stability deteriorates, resulting in frequent yarn breakage.

If it exceeds 9/d of 60, the effect of imparting random heat shrinkage differences and yarn length differences to individual filaments will be insufficient,
For this reason, the bulkiness of the obtained bulky yarn is reduced.

The overfeed rate C% when performing fluid turbulence treatment is (
20-A)≦CS(60-A), fluid pressure is 3k9/c
The overfeed rate C% is preferably (25-A)≦C≦(50-A) from the viewpoint of improving the bulkiness of the bulky yarn and the strength of the loop entanglement.
), the fluid pressure is 4 kg/(G) or more, and {fluid pressure (kg/c fin (G))}/{square root of the yarn feeding speed (skin/min) to the fluid turbulence treatment castle} is 0. More preferably, it is 23 or more. In this case, it is preferable that the entanglement strength is 0.7/d or more to minimize the decrease in loops due to tension when passing through a higher-order processing step. Note that it is desirable to provide a moisture imparting device 7 between the rollers 6 and 9 because the strength of loop entanglement is improved if moisture is imparted to the multifilament yarn before the fluid turbulence treatment. Since the bulky yarn obtained by the manufacturing method of the present invention supplies multifilament yarn with high Worcester unevenness, the effect of non-uniform heat treatment is improved, and the bulkiness and properties are further improved by the heat treatment in the post-process. When knitted fabrics made of yarn are dyed, they can be dyed without being too uniform and can be dyed with depth.

In other words, the bulky yarn obtained by the present invention has good processability in high-order processing steps, has extremely high bulkiness and can be dyed with deep depth, and has an excellent spun yarn-like texture and appearance. It is something to give. EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically explained below with reference to Examples. Here, the measurement method of bulk height (after heat treatment, before heat treatment), entanglement strength, Worcester unevenness, molten water shrinkage rate, definition of overfeed rate, and determination method of presence or absence of a stretched part are as follows. be. (Bulk height after heat treatment) FIG. 2 shows a sketch of the bulk height measuring device, and FIG. 3 shows a sketch for explaining the measuring method using the measuring device.

Two notches 16 are provided on the upper surface of the sample stage 11, and the interval 17 between the outer twill parts is 6 ribs, and the width of the notches 16 is 2.
．． A five-arc thin flexible tape 12 is applied, and a metal fitting 13 with a pointer and a load 14 are connected to the lower end thereof. The pointer on the metal fitting 13 is set so as to indicate the 0 position on the scale 15 when no sample is attached.

The sample is 01 skein, which is wound 80 times using a skein machine with a circumference of 1 machine, and 2 to 10 skeins are prepared depending on the indicated weave. Heat treatment is performed by hanging the skein under no load for a minute, and after the heat treatment, the skein is adjusted to have an indicated weave of 48,000 deniers, for example, 30 deniers.
For denier yarn, 30 x 80 x 2 = 4800, 4
8000 ÷ 4800 = 10, 10 skeins, 75 denier yarn, 75 x 80 x 2 = 12000, 48000
÷12000=4 (4 skeins)) Align them in parallel.

Next, the aligned skeins are folded into four as shown in FIG. 3A to form a sample 18, which is then wrapped with thin cloth tape 12 as shown in the front view of FIG. 3B and the cross-sectional view of FIG.
and the sample stage 11. The total load 14 and the metal fitting with a pointer should be 50 degrees, and the value L (arc) indicated by the pointer is read. The measurement sample 18 is measured a total of three times by moving the position, and the average value L is determined. Bulk height M
is calculated from the following formula.

Volume in the tape V M (cc/'s = spinning wheel amount in the tape - W V = pi x 2.5 w = DX tip XPX〇. (Denier), P
is the number of parallel threads in the tape.

Further, SH is the shrinkage rate during dry heat treatment, and is a value expressed as a percentage obtained by measuring the skein used for bulk measurement under a load corresponding to p/d of 4 before and after heat treatment.

(Bulk height before heat treatment) In the method for measuring bulk height after heat treatment, the same operations and calculations are performed except that the heat treatment operation at 20000 is omitted and SH=0 in the calculation formula.

(Entanglement strength) In the S-S curve of the sample, the lowest point that shows an instantaneous drop in tension of 10% or more with respect to the tension at that position is defined as the yield point, and the stress at the yield point (t/d) is expressed as the entanglement strength.

That is, FIG. 4 is an SS curve with a yield point stress of 0.7 μ/d, and point Y in the figure is the yield point.

Two unevennesses are seen before the Y point, but this is an instantaneous drop in tension of less than 10% and is not considered a yield point according to the definition of the yield point described above.

Naturally, the higher the yield point, the more desirable it is.
It can be said that the most preferable one is one in which the SS curve is smooth as a solid line, and in such a case, the yield point coincides with the breaking point. The S-S curve was measured using an Instron-type measuring device, with a sample length of 20 arcs and a tensile rate of 1
Measurements are taken at 0 arc/min and recorded on suitable recording paper.

At this time, the measurement was repeated three times and expressed as an average value.
Further, the denier used to calculate the yield stress is the indicated denier of the yarn immediately before entering the fluid turbulence nozzle, since the value varies depending on the degree of bulkiness of the yarn after bulk processing. (Measurement method for Worcester unevenness) As a measuring device, use a commercially available EvennessTe.
ster (manufactured by Keizoku Kogyo Co., Ltd.) is used.

Select the measuring throttle to be used depending on the total denier of the yarn, set the yarn speed to 8 threads/min, and use the false twister to generate approximately 150
Measurement is carried out using the Halfinato test while false twisting with rotation of 100 pm. Worcester unevenness % is read as the yarn unevenness over 3 minutes using the included integrator. Worcester unevenness % is expressed as the average value of 5 measurements of an arbitrary part, with 3 minutes being measured once. (Hinasui Shrinkage Rate) Let L be the original length when a load of foxtail (D is the drawn yarn denier) is applied to a skein of sample drawn yarn wound 10 times with a skein removal machine with a circumference of 1 skin.

Next, when the length of the unloaded fabric is treated in water for 15 minutes and then a load of foxtail is applied, L2 is expressed by the following equation.

Boiling water sardine rate (%) i Senzo XI.

. (Overfeed rate) When the yarn is run in an over-supplied state, the surface speed of the yarn feeding roller is V, and the surface speed of the take-out roller is V2, and it is calculated from the following formula.

Overfeed rate (%) = Hitsuji Sango Dyeing is done by a conventional method in the dyeing-reduction washing process.

The obtained dyed cloth is placed on a black board tilted at an angle of about 15 degrees, and visually judged under a honeycomb lamp with an intensity of 500 to 600 lux. If no extremely darkly dyed areas are observed in the dyed fabric, it is determined that there are no unstretched areas in the sample drawn yarn.
Example 10 A drawn multifilament yarn of 150 denier and 60 filaments made of polyethylene terephthalate having Worcester unevenness as shown in Table 1 was processed using the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 under the following conditions.

In addition, the boiling water shrinkage rate of all drawn yarns is 11.5 to 12%.
I used a range of Surface speed of roller 4: 30
Overfeed rate at contact running castle of 0cc'min heating pin: 9% Heating pin diameter: 25 skin? 0 Heating pin temperature: 210 pm 0 Heating element contact tension: 20'9'd Moisture application: 10 cc/mjn Overfeed rate in fluid turbulence area: 25% Compressed air pressure: 6.5 k9' (G) Ta winding Tension: 20 mm Fluid turbulence nozzle: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 50-116745 Nos./Re The bulk height of the obtained bulky yarn (before and after heat treatment) The difference in bulk height before and after heat treatment is shown in Table 1. Indicated.

Table 1 In Table 1, Experiment No. Examples 1, 2, and 3 are all comparative examples for clarifying the effects of the present invention.

Multifilament yarns with a Worcester unevenness of less than 1.4% cannot exhibit the effects of the present invention. As is clear from Table 1, the difference in bulk height before and after heat treatment becomes large when Worcester's unevenness is 1.4% or more, and increases significantly when it is 1.6% or more.

In addition, Experiment No. 1 that satisfies the requirements of the present invention. A knitted fabric having an extremely good spun yarn-like feel was obtained from the bulky yarns 4 to 8, and a knitted fabric visually exhibiting a more spun yarn-like appearance due to moderate dyeing non-uniformity was obtained.

Example 2 150 denier made of polyethylene terephthalate,
Multifilament drawing of 60 filaments
Using the apparatus shown in the figure, processing was carried out under the following conditions in addition to the changed conditions shown in Table 2.

The drawn yarn to be supplied had a Worcester unevenness of 1.6% and a boiling water shrinkage rate of 11%. Surface speed of roller 6: 2
80/min Heating pin diameter: 25 Side heating pin temperature: 210qo Moisture application: 10cc/min Overfeed rate in fluid turbulence area: 25% Compressed air pressure: 6.5kg/(G) Winding tension: 20 Evening fluid turbulence nozzle: Taru Seki Sho 50-116745 Table 2 shows the nozzle processability described in Figure 4, the bulk height of the obtained bulky yarn (before heat treatment, after heat treatment), and the difference in bulk height before and after heat treatment. It was shown to.

Table 2 In Table 2, experiment No. 9 Rice Ball 13 is a comparative example for clarifying the effect of the present invention.

Experiment No. in Table 2. As shown in 9, if the tension of the heating pin contact running castle was less than 9/d of 5, the running stability of the yarn deteriorated and yarn breakage occurred frequently, making it impossible to obtain stable operability.

Also, experiment no. As shown in Fig. 13, if the tension of the heating pin contact traveling castle exceeds 60 o/d, the effect of imparting random heat shrinkage differences and yarn length differences to individual filaments will be insufficient, so that the bulky yarn obtained The bulkiness was low, and high bulkiness and properties, which are the objectives of the present invention, could not be obtained. On the other hand, Experiment No. 1 satisfies the requirements of the present invention. A knitted fabric having an extremely good spun yarn-like texture can be obtained from bulky yarns of 10 to 12.
Moreover, due to the moderate dyeing non-uniformity, a bran woven fabric visually exhibiting a more spun yarn-like appearance was obtained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a preferred process of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a bulk height measuring device, Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining the method of measuring the bulk height, and Fig. 4 is a diagram showing the entanglement strength of loops. It is an SS curve diagram for explaining. 1: Thermoplastic multifilament thread, 2: Guide, 3:
tensor, 4, 6, 9: roller, 5: heating element, 7: moisture applicator, 8: fluid turbulence nozzle, 10: winder. O figure, 2 figures, 3 figures (A) 3 figures outside [B] 3 figures [C] 4 figures outside

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A thermoplastic multifilament yarn having substantially no unstretched portions and having thickness unevenness in the length direction with Worcester unevenness of 1.4% or more is heated to a heating body under a low tension of 5 to 60 mg/d. After contacting each filament in the longitudinal direction of the filament constituting the yarn and giving a non-uniform heat shrinkage rate between each filament in the same cross section of the yarn, forming loops or entanglements by subjecting the filaments to fluid turbulence treatment. A method for producing special bulky yarn characterized by: