JPS601822B2 - synchronous motor - Google Patents
synchronous motorInfo
- Publication number
- JPS601822B2 JPS601822B2 JP53093339A JP9333978A JPS601822B2 JP S601822 B2 JPS601822 B2 JP S601822B2 JP 53093339 A JP53093339 A JP 53093339A JP 9333978 A JP9333978 A JP 9333978A JP S601822 B2 JPS601822 B2 JP S601822B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- stator
- synchronous motor
- rotor
- magnetic pole
- shaft hole
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 18
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は同期電動機、詳しくは円板状の回転子を、磁極
を有する固定子に対向させた同期電動機の使用雰囲気温
度の変化に伴なう安定回転電圧範囲の変動を最小限に制
限し、安定した回転を得ることができる同期電動機に関
する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a synchronous motor, specifically, a synchronous motor in which a disk-shaped rotor is opposed to a stator having magnetic poles. This invention relates to a synchronous motor that can obtain stable rotation by minimizing the
一般に、時間制御に使用されている小型同期電動機にお
いて、その回転子体には安価なフェライト永久磁石が使
用されている。Generally, in small synchronous motors used for time control, inexpensive ferrite permanent magnets are used in the rotor body.
しかるに、フェライトは温度係数が大きく−０．２％／
℃であり、そのため電動機使用雰囲気が−２００〜十８
０ｑｏとなると回転子磁極の磁束が２０％弱も変動し、
このような大きな変動が生じた場合、同期電動機の起動
電圧や安定回転電圧範囲が変化し、従って安定した回転
を得ることができない。しかして従来、この種の同期電
動機においては第６図に示すように電動機の使用雰囲気
温度が上ると回転子磁極が弱くなってくるのに対し、相
対的に固定子磁極の励磁が強くなり、このため潤滑油の
粘度の低下等により、起動電圧が低下してくる。したが
って、このように起動電圧が低くなる反面、高電圧が印
加された場合、固定子の発生する磁束が強すぎるのに対
し、回転子の磁束が低下していることから、回転子は正
常な回転ができなくなり乱調となるおそれがあった。す
なわち、第６図においてＡ点の印加電圧で起動した電動
機の印加電圧が高くなり、同Ｂ点に達すると乱調が始ま
る。したがって、同期電動機の使用雰囲気温度を−２０
℃〜十８ぴ０と想定すれば、その範囲において安定回転
の得られる電圧幅としては第６図に示すＣ−Ｃ′間と掠
り安定回転電圧幅が狭い欠点を伴なつていた。‐−本発
明は上記の欠点を改善し、同期電動機の磁気回路中に高
温度時になると磁気透磁率が小さくなる回路を、主磁路
と直列に挿入しておき、高温時に回転子磁極が弱くなる
と、それに準じて固定子発生磁束を弱めて、回転子磁極
との力のバランスをとり雰囲気温度に関係なく一定の性
能を発揮できる同期電動機を提供することを目的とする
。以下、図面に沿って本発明の実施例を説明する。第１
図ないし第３図イ〜ハは本発明の同期電動機の一実施例
を示す。However, ferrite has a large temperature coefficient of −0.2%/
℃, so the atmosphere in which the motor is used is -200 to 18℃.
At 0qo, the magnetic flux of the rotor magnetic poles fluctuates by less than 20%,
When such large fluctuations occur, the starting voltage and stable rotational voltage range of the synchronous motor change, making it impossible to obtain stable rotation. Conventionally, in this type of synchronous motor, as shown in Fig. 6, as the temperature of the atmosphere in which the motor is used rises, the rotor magnetic poles become weaker, whereas the stator magnetic poles become relatively more excited. Therefore, due to a decrease in the viscosity of the lubricating oil, etc., the starting voltage decreases. Therefore, while the starting voltage is lower in this way, when a high voltage is applied, the magnetic flux generated by the stator is too strong, while the magnetic flux of the rotor is reduced, so the rotor will not operate normally. There was a risk that the rotation would become impossible and the rotation would be out of order. That is, in FIG. 6, the applied voltage of the motor started with the applied voltage at point A increases, and when it reaches point B, disturbance starts. Therefore, the operating atmosphere temperature of the synchronous motor is -20
Assuming that the voltage range is between 18.degree. --The present invention improves the above drawbacks by inserting a circuit in the magnetic circuit of a synchronous motor in which the magnetic permeability decreases at high temperatures in series with the main magnetic path, so that the rotor magnetic poles become weak at high temperatures. Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a synchronous motor that can weaken the stator-generated magnetic flux accordingly, balance the force with the rotor magnetic poles, and exhibit constant performance regardless of the ambient temperature. Embodiments of the present invention will be described below along with the drawings. 1st
Figures 3A to 3C show an embodiment of the synchronous motor of the present invention.
図において、回転子１は円板状の本体２とシャフト３と
により構成されており、本体２には固定子の磁極歯と対
向する側に、その中心から放射状にＮ・Ｓ・Ｎ・Ｓ・・
・・・・・・・と交互に電動機の極数と等しい数の着磁
が施されている。In the figure, the rotor 1 is composed of a disc-shaped main body 2 and a shaft 3, and the main body 2 has N, S, N, and S・・・
The number of magnetizations equal to the number of poles of the motor is alternately applied.
ここで、本体２は従釆の如く温度上昇と共に発生磁束が
滅小す‐るフェライト永久磁石からなるものである。固
定子４は第２図に示すように、鍵孔５の周囲に環状部２
１を設け、前記環状部２１より外側方向に放射状に複数
個の内方磁極歯６が設けられ、これらの内方磁極歯６，
６の間に、夫々外側方向から軸孔５の方向に複数の外方
磁極歯７が設けられ、内方磁極歯６の中は、外方磁極歯
７の中の２倍に形成されることが好ましい。また、内方
磁極歯６の位置は、外方磁極歯７，７の中間より、回転
子の回転方向に偏位されている。このように構成するこ
とによって、回転子１の自己起動性がえられる。さらに
、内方磁極歯６と外方磁極歯７との間に連結部８が形成
され、これによって内方磁極歯６は外方磁極歯７により
支持される。固定子４は薄い磁性鉄板からなり、中心に
対し一方の側に軸孔５とこの周囲に前述のように内方磁
極歯６と外方磁極歯７とが設けられ、かつ固定子の両側
部に切欠部９，１０が設けられ、また前記の磁極歯を設
けた側と反対側に鞠孔１１が形成され、図中で破線ａ，
ｂで示された部万から折り曲げられ、第３図口に示すよ
うに断面がほぼコ字形に構成される。しかして、轍孔１
１の位置は軸孔５に対向したところに設けられる。第３
図イはコイル１３が巻成され、かつコンデンサ、抵抗ま
たは半導体素子からなる電圧降下素子１９が収納された
コイル枠１２を示す。Here, the main body 2 is made of a ferrite permanent magnet whose generated magnetic flux decreases as the temperature rises, like the subordinate. As shown in FIG. 2, the stator 4 has an annular portion 2 around the keyhole 5.
1, and a plurality of inner magnetic pole teeth 6 are provided radially outward from the annular portion 21, and these inner magnetic pole teeth 6,
A plurality of outer magnetic pole teeth 7 are provided between the inner magnetic pole teeth 6 and the outer magnetic pole teeth 7, respectively, from the outer side toward the shaft hole 5, and the inner magnetic pole teeth 6 are twice as large as the outer magnetic pole teeth 7. is preferred. Further, the position of the inner magnetic pole tooth 6 is offset from the middle of the outer magnetic pole teeth 7 in the rotational direction of the rotor. With this configuration, the rotor 1 can be self-starting. Furthermore, a connecting portion 8 is formed between the inner magnetic pole tooth 6 and the outer magnetic pole tooth 7, whereby the inner magnetic pole tooth 6 is supported by the outer magnetic pole tooth 7. The stator 4 is made of a thin magnetic iron plate, and has a shaft hole 5 on one side with respect to the center, and the inner magnetic pole teeth 6 and the outer magnetic pole teeth 7 are provided around the shaft hole 5 as described above, and both sides of the stator Notches 9 and 10 are provided on the side, and a hole 11 is formed on the opposite side to the side where the magnetic pole teeth are provided, and is indicated by broken lines a and 10 in the figure.
It is bent from the part indicated by b, and the cross section is approximately U-shaped as shown in the opening of Figure 3. However, Rut Hole 1
Position 1 is provided opposite the shaft hole 5. Third
Figure A shows a coil frame 12 around which a coil 13 is wound and a voltage drop element 19 made of a capacitor, a resistor, or a semiconductor element is housed.
このコイル枠１２には接続用の端子１４，１５が設けら
れていると共に、中央部に軸孔１６が形成され、この軸
孔１６には雰囲気温度が上ると透磁率が小さくなる性質
を有するサーマルアロイからなる円筒形の軸受１７が挿
入される。また端子１４にはコイル１３の一端が接続さ
れ、コイル１３の他端は電圧降下素子１９を介して端子
１５に接続されている。その結果端子１４，１５に接続
された商用電源（図示せず）の電圧が適正電圧に下げら
れてコイル１３に印加されるように構成されている。し
かして、固定子４のコ字形に折り曲げられた上面と下面
との間に前記のコイル枠１２が鉄挿され、コイル枠１２
に設けられた端子１４，１５が固定子４に設けられた切
欠部９，１０から突出される（第３図ハ参照）。This coil frame 12 is provided with terminals 14 and 15 for connection, and a shaft hole 16 is formed in the center. A cylindrical bearing 17 made of alloy is inserted. Further, one end of the coil 13 is connected to the terminal 14, and the other end of the coil 13 is connected to the terminal 15 via a voltage drop element 19. As a result, the voltage of a commercial power source (not shown) connected to the terminals 14 and 15 is lowered to an appropriate voltage and applied to the coil 13. The coil frame 12 is inserted between the U-shaped upper and lower surfaces of the stator 4.
Terminals 14 and 15 provided in the stator 4 protrude from cutouts 9 and 10 provided in the stator 4 (see FIG. 3C).
ついでコイル枠１２の鞠孔１６と固定子４の軸孔５，１
１とを位置合わせして、鞠孔５，１６および１１内に固
定子４の主磁気回路の中心磁略を形成するサーマルアロ
ィからなる軸受１７を直列的に挿入し、さらにこの軸受
１７に設けられたシャフト孔１８に回転子１のシャフト
３がスラストワッシャ２０を介して豚挿される（第３図
イ，口参照）。次に本発明の動作について説明する。Next, the hole 16 of the coil frame 12 and the shaft holes 5, 1 of the stator 4 are
A bearing 17 made of a thermal alloy forming the central magnetic circuit of the main magnetic circuit of the stator 4 is inserted in series into the boreholes 5, 16, and 11. The shaft 3 of the rotor 1 is inserted into the shaft hole 18 through the thrust washer 20 (see FIG. 3, A and B). Next, the operation of the present invention will be explained.
いま、コイル１３に通電されると、それによって生ずる
磁束によって内方磁極歯６と固定子外周から中心に向か
って伸びている磁極歯７とが交互に噛合うように交叉し
ているので、ここでは交互にＮ・Ｓ・Ｎ・Ｓ・・・・・
・・・・と磁化され、これが交番励磁によって交番する
ので、回転子１の磁極との間で磁気的に吸引と反発力を
発生し、この力によって回転子は電源周波に同期して回
転する。Now, when the coil 13 is energized, the magnetic flux generated thereby causes the inner magnetic pole teeth 6 and the magnetic pole teeth 7 extending from the outer periphery of the stator toward the center to intersect so as to mesh alternately. Then take turns N・S・N・S...
It is magnetized as ..., and as this is alternated by alternating excitation, magnetically attractive and repulsive forces are generated between it and the magnetic poles of rotor 1, and this force causes the rotor to rotate in synchronization with the power frequency. .
しかして、ある雰囲気温度において同期電動機に印加電
圧を加え除々に励磁を上げていくと従来においては第６
図におけるＡ点で起動を始め、印加電圧を上げていって
も同期電動機の回転数は変らず第６図におけるＢ点まで
達すると乱調を始め同期電動機として使用できない。し
たがって、各温度を共通的に使用できる安定回転電圧幅
は第６図Ｃ−Ｃ′となるが、本発明のように中心磁路に
サーマルアロィを用いると雰囲気温度が高温になるにし
たがい固定子の磁極に発生する磁極が弱くなり、回転子
の磁束の低下と同じ率をもって固定子の磁極が弱くなる
。このため、回転子と固定子の磁極の強さの率は高温の
場合も常温の場合も同じとなり、起動電圧の変動も乱調
開始電圧も第５図に示すように変化がにふく〈なり、安
定回転範囲も第５図Ｄ−〇に改良される。したがって、
図において実線で示す各温度に対する安定回転範囲が長
くなり共通範囲は拡大する。第４図は本発明の他の実施
例を示すもので、固定子４の折曲部が轡曲されている場
合を示し、固定子４を轡曲して折り曲げることにより磁
気特性の劣化を防止することができる。However, if a voltage is applied to a synchronous motor at a certain ambient temperature and the excitation is gradually increased, the 6th
Starting at point A in the figure, the rotational speed of the synchronous motor does not change even if the applied voltage is increased, and when it reaches point B in FIG. 6, it begins to malfunction and cannot be used as a synchronous motor. Therefore, the stable rotational voltage range that can be commonly used at each temperature is shown in Figure 6 C-C'. However, if a thermal alloy is used in the central magnetic path as in the present invention, the stator will change as the ambient temperature increases. The magnetic poles generated in the magnetic poles become weaker, and the stator magnetic poles weaken at the same rate as the rotor magnetic flux decreases. For this reason, the ratio of the strength of the magnetic poles of the rotor and stator is the same at both high and normal temperatures, and the fluctuations in the starting voltage and the disturbance starting voltage are negligible, as shown in Figure 5. The stable rotation range is also improved as shown in Fig. 5 D-〇. therefore,
The stable rotation range for each temperature shown by the solid line in the figure becomes longer and the common range expands. FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which the bent portion of the stator 4 is bent, and deterioration of magnetic properties is prevented by bending the stator 4. can do.
なお、他の構成および作用は前述の実施例と実質的に同
一である。Note that the other configurations and operations are substantially the same as those of the previous embodiment.
第１図は本発明の同期電動機の断面図、第２図は本発明
に用いる固定子の展開図、第３図イないしハは本発明の
組立説明図、第４図は本発明の他の実施例の断面図、第
５図は本発明における安定回転電圧範囲の説明図、第６
図は従来の同期電動機における安定回転電圧範囲の説明
図である。
１・…・・回転子、２・・・・・・本体、３・・…・シ
ャフト、４・・・・・・固定子、５…・・・軸孔、６・
・・・・・内方磁極歯、７・・・・・・外方磁極歯、８
・・・・・・連結部、９，１０……切欠部、１１・・・
・・・軸孔、１２・・…・コイル枠、１３……コイル、
１４，１５……端子、１６……軸孔、１７・・・・・・
軸受、１８・…・・シャフト孔、１９・・・・・・電圧
降下素子、２０・…・・スラストワッシャ、２１・・・
・・・環状部。
第１図
第２図
第４図
第３図
第５図
第６図FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a synchronous motor of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a stator used in the present invention, FIG. A sectional view of the embodiment, FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the stable rotational voltage range in the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is an explanatory diagram of a stable rotational voltage range in a conventional synchronous motor. 1...Rotor, 2...Main body, 3...Shaft, 4...Stator, 5...Shaft hole, 6...
...Inner magnetic pole tooth, 7...Outer magnetic pole tooth, 8
...Connection part, 9, 10... Notch part, 11...
... shaft hole, 12 ... coil frame, 13 ... coil,
14, 15... terminal, 16... shaft hole, 17...
Bearing, 18...Shaft hole, 19...Voltage drop element, 20...Thrust washer, 21...
...Annular part. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 4 Figure 3 Figure 5 Figure 6
Claims (1)
ている固定子と、この固定子のコ字形に折曲げられた上
面と下面との間に配設され、かつコイルが巻成され、さ
らに中心に軸孔を有するコイル枠と、このコイル枠に形
成された軸孔内に挿入される軸受と、円板状の本体とシ
ヤフトにより形成され、かつ前記本体には温度上昇と共
に発生磁束が減少するフエライト永久磁石が備えられこ
のフエライト永久磁石は前記磁極歯に対応させてＮ極お
よびＳ極に交互に着磁されていると共に、前記軸受を介
して前記固定子に取付けられる回転子とを備える同期電
動機において、前記軸受は高温になると透磁率が小とな
る材質より形成されていることを特徴とする同期電動機
。1 A stator that is bent in a U-shape and has magnetic pole teeth formed on its top surface, and a coil that is disposed between the stator's U-shaped top and bottom surfaces and has a coil wound thereon. It is formed by a coil frame having a shaft hole in the center, a bearing inserted into the shaft hole formed in the coil frame, a disc-shaped main body, and a shaft, and the main body has a coil frame with a shaft hole formed in the center. A rotor is provided with a ferrite permanent magnet whose magnetic flux decreases, the ferrite permanent magnet is alternately magnetized to N and S poles corresponding to the magnetic pole teeth, and the rotor is attached to the stator via the bearing. A synchronous motor comprising: a synchronous motor, wherein the bearing is made of a material whose magnetic permeability decreases when the temperature increases.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP53093339A JPS601822B2 (en) | 1978-07-31 | 1978-07-31 | synchronous motor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP53093339A JPS601822B2 (en) | 1978-07-31 | 1978-07-31 | synchronous motor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5523723A JPS5523723A (en) | 1980-02-20 |
| JPS601822B2 true JPS601822B2 (en) | 1985-01-17 |
Family
ID=14079502
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP53093339A Expired JPS601822B2 (en) | 1978-07-31 | 1978-07-31 | synchronous motor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS601822B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8911652B2 (en) | 2011-09-06 | 2014-12-16 | Automatic Switch Company | System and method of sealing coil leads during encapsulation |
-
1978
- 1978-07-31 JP JP53093339A patent/JPS601822B2/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8911652B2 (en) | 2011-09-06 | 2014-12-16 | Automatic Switch Company | System and method of sealing coil leads during encapsulation |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5523723A (en) | 1980-02-20 |
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