JPS6018907B2 - absorption refrigeration equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an absorption refrigerator that uses water as a refrigerant and an aqueous salt solution as an absorbent. This invention relates to an absorption refrigeration system that increases absorption refrigeration capacity.

In general, in an absorption refrigerator that uses water as a lining medium and an aqueous salt solution, such as a lithium bromide aqueous solution, as an absorbent, a capacity enhancer such as octyl alcohol is added to the refrigerator to reduce the surface tension of the lining medium and absorbent. The aim is to improve the wetting characteristics and heat transfer characteristics of heat transfer tubes.

To explain this using the example of octyl alcohol, octyl alcohol has a small specific gravity, approximately 0.8, which is smaller than the 1.6 of lithium furomide aqueous solution, and its solubility is also low, so it does not rise above the liquid level during refrigerator operation. There is a mirror that remains floating and accumulates. In the absorber, octyl alcohol works in the form of being dissolved in the absorption solution, and after leaving the absorber, the octyl alcohol dissolved in the absorption solution is sent to the generator by a solution pump and then generated. The absorption solution is heated in the vessel, generating cold soot vapor and octyl alcohol vapor, and returns to the absorber as a concentrated solution, but it tends to stagnate in this circulation system, especially in the liquid level control mechanism of the generator. Therefore, the circulation of octyl alcohol becomes poor and the intended purpose cannot be achieved. Moreover, octyl alcohol tends to accumulate in any place where there is no flow, and although it is most important that it is working effectively under full load, the stagnation phenomenon can be greatly affected by changes in the amount of circulation caused by load fluctuations. This was a problem with the performance of the refrigerator. The present invention accurately eliminates these conventional drawbacks, prevents the capacity accelerator from stagnation in a part of the system, and provides a simple and inexpensive absorption refrigerating system that can effectively improve the capacity of the absorption chiller. It is intended to provide.

The present invention is equipped with a cold soot circulation path and an absorbent circulation path which are composed of an evaporator, a condenser, an absorber, a generator, and a heat exchanger to perform an absorption refrigeration cycle, and uses water as the cold soot and an aqueous salt solution as the absorbent. In addition, in an absorption refrigeration system in which a capacity enhancer is added, a separation tank for recovering the capacity enhancer accumulated on the absorption solution is provided in the liquid level regulator of the generator or a part communicating therewith, and the capacity enhancer is collected in the separation tank. This absorption refrigeration apparatus is characterized by being provided with a recovery flow path for supplying a capacity enhancer to an absorber or other generator, or at least one of the low-pressure parts of the connecting pipes thereof.

To explain the embodiment of the present invention, 1 is an evaporator, 2 is an absorber, 3 is a condenser, 4 is a generator, 5 is a solution heat exchanger,
6 is a cold soot pump, and 7 is a solution pump, which is configured as an absorption refrigerator using water as the cold soot and an aqueous salt solution, such as an aqueous lithium bromide solution, as an absorbent.The solution from the solution pump 7 is transferred to a solution heat exchanger. The refrigerated steam is added to the generator 4 through the heated side of the cooling water pipe 5, and the cooled steam generated by being heated by the heating pipe 14 group in the generator 4 flows into the condenser 3, and is cooled by the cooling water pipe 13 group of the condenser 3. After being liquefied, it is led to the evaporator 1 through a connecting pipe 8, and expanded under reduced pressure to be vaporized.

The heat generated during this vaporization is taken away from the group of cold water pipes 11 in the evaporator 1, and the water passing through the group of cold water pipes 11 is cooled.
On the other hand, the cold soot vapor vaporized in the evaporator 1 flows into the absorber 2, where it is absorbed into the solution pump 7 by the concentrated solution from the generator 4, which is sprinkled onto the cooling water pipes 12 through the solution pipe 18. It is sucked into and circulated. Thereafter, the above-mentioned action is repeated, and thus a refrigeration cycle is performed. is provided with bypass piping 19, and this separation tank 9
A channel 19' is provided in an open connection with the separation tank 9 to circulate octyl alcohol accumulated on the absorption solution in the separation tank 9 to a low pressure part such as the absorber 2 and/or its connecting piping.

As shown in FIG. 2, the separation tank 9 is provided so as to extend through a float type liquid level regulator 9' of the liquid level control mechanism of the generator 4, but this liquid level regulator 9' can be used instead of 0. It can also be configured.

In addition, a float 29 or a float valve is installed inside the separation tank 9 as a recovery mechanism for octyl alcohol, and the recovery channel 19' is closed by the float 29 or float valve, but when octyl alcohol accumulates, the float 29 or float valve is closed. As the buoyant force becomes smaller, the recovery channel 19' is opened, and octyl alcohol is circulated to the absorber 4, which serves as a low pressure section, at a differential pressure. In this case, the float 29 is selected to have a specific gravity that reduces buoyancy when octyl alcohol accumulates, but it is reasonable to select it in consideration of the relative relationship with the absorption solution.

Furthermore, inside the separation tank 9 and/or the liquid level regulator 9', a baffle plate or a dispersion plate may be installed to facilitate the recovery of octyl alcohol, if necessary. One end of the passage 19' is connected to the sekiguchi at a position above the liquid level of the separation tank 9, and is connected to the absorber 2 or, in the case of a dual-effect absorption refrigerator, the low pressure generator or one or more of these connecting pipes. It is also possible to close the end of the pond so that it can be sprinkled onto the cooling water pipe 12 or the heating pipe, or to allow water to be mixed into the absorption solution. In the specific example shown in FIG. 3, the separation tank is replaced by a liquid level regulator 9', and the recovery channel 1
Reference numeral 9' denotes a throttle mechanism 30, for example, a connecting pipe provided with an orifice or a valve, which is closed below the liquid surface or rises within the liquid surface and communicates with the opening upward.

This recovery channel 19' is designed to allow a small amount of solution to flow at all times, and the octyl alcohol in the upper layer is automatically recovered especially when the liquid level in the liquid level regulator 9' drops under full load. This is a good example of how it can be done. In addition, the present invention is not limited to this example, and if necessary, a throttling mechanism 31 may be provided in the solution pipe 18 of the absorption solution circulation flow path that serves as a return pipe to form a low pressure part 32, and this low pressure part 32 may be used for octyl alcohol recovery. The pipe 33 is connected to the liquid level regulator 9', and the pipe 3
3 is equipped with a throttle mechanism 34, and the end of the pipe 33 is made into a flexible pipe 35, and the float 3 in the liquid level regulator 9'
It can be attached to the float bar 37 of No. 6 so that when octyl alcohol accumulates under full load and the float sinks, it is collected into the low pressure section 32, or it can be configured to be used in combination with the above mechanism. .

In any case, in order to prevent the float buoyancy from changing due to the specific gravity difference between the lithium bromide aqueous solution and octyl alcohol and the operating point for liquid level adjustment to change, the structure is such that the octyl alcohol is properly collected and circulated without stagnation. be.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is an example of a dual-effect absorption refrigeration system equipped with two generators for heat recovery, including a high pressure generator 4 and a low pressure generator 4', and the recovery channel 19'. It consists of piping that connects a low pressure generator 4', which serves as a low pressure section, and a separation tank 9. In this case, it is reasonable to use as the separation tank 9 a tank in which an overflow wall 24 is provided as a weir near the liquid level of the high temperature generator 4 and octyl alcohol is collected via a selection channel. Similarly to the previous example, the recovery channel 19' is connected to at least one of the absorber 2 or its connecting piping, or the connecting piping of the low pressure generator 4', in addition to the low pressure generator 4'. It is.

In the figure, 5' is a low-temperature heat exchanger, which is provided when a low-temperature generator 4' is provided.

Reference numeral 15 denotes a steam flow rate adjustment valve, and reference numeral 1-5' denotes a control valve, which are provided as necessary.

16, 16' are refrigerant circulation paths, 17, 17', 18, 18
'' connects the absorber 2 and the generator 4 in circulation through a solution pipe.

2 River solution spray pipe, 21 cold soot spray pipe, 22 partition wall, 23 eliminator for droplet separation, 2
4 is an overflow wall, 25 is a cooling water source, 26 is a heating source such as steam, and 27 is a cold water source.

A float valve 28 is opened and closed to adjust the liquid level, and a float 36 is provided with a float bar 37.

In addition, one of the characteristic configurations of each of the above embodiments is that the absorption refrigeration apparatus is equipped with an octyl alcohol circulation mechanism with a heater attached near the liquid level of the octyl alcohol separation tank, or that one end is connected to the separation tank. An absorption refrigeration system equipped with an octyl alcohol circulation mechanism in which the pond end is provided with an absorber or a bypass pipe connected to a solution pipe connected to the absorber, and an absorption refrigeration system equipped with both of the above-mentioned mechanisms as an octyl alcohol circulation mechanism. can be given.

Further, the restrictor of the recovery channel 19' can be set as a variable restrictor so as to be automatically opened and closed by liquid level detection or temperature detection.

According to the present invention, a separator is provided in the liquid level regulator or a part suitable for this by taking advantage of the property that the performance enhancer tends to stagnate where the solution does not flow, that is, where the liquid level is quiet. Fortunately, the ability enhancer is stagnant, which makes it easy to collect in large quantities, and the liquid level is quiet, making it reliable and easy to collect. It has good recovery efficiency, effectively prevents troubles caused by stagnation, and can accurately improve the function of absorption chillers. The structure does not require any special equipment, and by making use of the mechanism used for refrigeration cycles, the design can be changed, making it possible to create a form that is easy to manufacture and extremely inexpensive without increasing costs. It has practical effects such as high operational stability, markedly improved efficiency, no reduction in performance, easy to ensure safe lotus rotation, and ease of maintenance and security.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show embodiments of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a system diagram;
FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged cutaway side view, FIG. 30 is a partially enlarged cutaway side view of another embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a system explanatory diagram of still another embodiment. 1...Evaporator, 2...Absorber, 3...
... Condenser, 4 ... Generator, 5 ...
・Solution heat exchanger, 6... Refrigerant pump, 7...
...Solution pump, 8...Soot connecting pipe, evening 9.
...Separation tank, 9'...Liquid level regulator, 10...
... Can body, 11 ... Cold water pipe, 12, 13.
... Cooling water pipe, 14 ... Heating pipe, 15 ...
・Steam flow rate adjustment valve, 15'-... control valve, 16,
16'... Soot circulation path, 17, 17', 18,
18'...Solution piping, 19...0...Bypass piping, 19'...Recovery channel, 20...
- Solution spray pipe, 21... Cold soot spray pipe, 22... Partition wall, 23... Eliminator, 24... Overflow wall, 25... Cooling water source, 26...Heating source, 27...Cold water source, 28...F. Float, 30.31, 34, Throttle mechanism, 32, Low pressure section, 33, Piping, 35, Free pipe, 36, Float, 37...Float bar. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A refrigerant circulation path and an absorbent circulation path that perform an absorption refrigeration cycle consisting of an evaporator, a condenser, an absorber, a generator, and a heat exchanger, with water as the refrigerant and an aqueous salt solution as the absorbent. In an absorption refrigeration system in which a capacity enhancer is added and used, a separation tank for recovering the capacity enhancer accumulated on the absorption solution is provided in the liquid level regulator of the generator or a part communicating therewith, and the separation tank collects the capacity enhancer. 1. An absorption refrigeration system characterized by being provided with a recovery channel for supplying the capacity enhancer to an absorber or other generator, or at least one of the low-pressure parts of the connecting pipes thereof. 2. The absorption refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the capacity enhancer recovery and separation tank is equipped with a float or a float valve, and has a mechanism for opening and closing the flow path with the float or float valve. 3. Claim 1, wherein the generator comprises a high-pressure generator and a low-pressure generator, and the recovery channel for the performance enhancer is connected to the low-pressure generator. absorption refrigeration equipment. 4. The absorption refrigerating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the recovery channel is a connecting pipe equipped with a throttle mechanism. 5. The absorption refrigeration apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the recovery channel is a connecting pipe equipped with a throttle mechanism, and is open to a liquid level regulator so that a small amount of solution flows at all times. . 6. The recovery channel is partially equipped with a free pipe and is connected to a float bar of a float in a liquid level regulator, and the capacity enhancer is selectively transferred to the low pressure section by fluctuation of the float. Claim 5 which is designed to recover
Absorption refrigeration equipment as described in section.