JPS6019416B2 - solar energy absorption device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a solar energy absorbing device, and more particularly to an improvement of an inverted flat plate type solar energy absorbing device having a sunlight selective absorption surface facing downward.

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, as a solar energy absorbing device used for collecting low-temperature heat, an inverted flat plate type collector is known, which is provided with a downward-facing sunlight selective absorption surface that reflects sunlight with a reflecting mirror and receives the reflected sunlight.

This inverted flat plate type collector includes a sunlight entrance window formed from a flat surface at an angle of, for example, 30 degrees, and a reflecting mirror that reflects the sunlight introduced from the entrance window upward.
It is equipped with a downward sunlight selective absorption surface that receives the reflected sunlight, and the entire structure is sealed with a heat insulating material. However, in such a device, sunlight passes through the protective glass of the entrance window, is further reflected from an arc-shaped reflective surface, and then reaches a selective absorption surface for heat collection, so that the sunlight reaches the selective absorption surface. Until then, there is a drawback that solar energy is lost due to diffuse reflection, etc.

In order to improve these drawbacks, the selective absorption surface that forms the inverted flat plate is coated with black nickel, black chrome, etc. to collect as much energy as possible over the entire wavelength range of reflected sunlight. Efforts have been made to do this, but even with these methods, the absorption rate of energy at short wavelengths is particularly poor, resulting in losses.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to eliminate the drawbacks of the prior art described above and to provide a solar energy absorption device that can efficiently absorb energy of all wavelengths of sunlight.

The present invention has a sunlight incident window, a reflecting mirror that reflects upward the sunlight introduced from the incident window, and a downward sunlight selective absorption surface that receives the reflected sunlight, and the entire In a solar energy absorption device having a heat-insulated and sealed structure, the sunlight entrance window has a double structure, and the space of the double structure repeatedly absorbs light energy and releases thermal energy by a reversible isomerization reaction. A fluid light-absorbing and heat-radiating material is present, and heat is absorbed by the light-absorbing and heat-radiating material.

In the present invention, the light-absorbing and heat-radiating material present or flowing through the double-structured entrance window can be appropriately selected from various chemical substances that cause a reversible isomerization reaction by the action of light energy or a catalyst, such as norbornadiene (2 , 5-picycloheptadiene), its derivative endotricyclo[2
, 2,1,02.6] deca-4,8-diene-3-one, 2,3-bis(trifluoromethyl)-5,6-dimethyl-bicyclo[2,2,1]hepta-2,5-diene, and other N - Carboxyazepine, cyclobentadiene derivatives, tricyclogene, naphthalene, dihydronaphthalene, etc. are good.

The main component preferably has fluidity, and if the main component does not have sufficient fluidity, it can be dissolved or suspended in a suitable solvent such as cyclohexane, toluene, acetone, diphenyl ether, DMF, dichloromethane, chloroform, etc. The fluidity may be adjusted by making it cloudy. In addition, acetophenone, m-
It may also contain methoxyacetophene and the like. The light absorbing heat dissipating material that has absorbed the solar energy is usually treated with an appropriate catalyst, for example, when the heat dissipating material is norbornadiene (NBD),
By bringing it into contact with a metal collar catalyst such as Pd(NBD)CI2Rh(NBD)2CI2, cobalt polyphyllin rust body, cobalt phthalocyanine body, etc., the absorbed thermal energy can be released to the outside. . Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a solar energy absorbing device showing one embodiment of the present invention.

This device includes a container 1 made of a heat insulating material, a concave mirror 2 provided at the bottom of the container, a light absorption window 3 provided diagonally above the concave mirror 2 at an angle of 30 degrees from the plane, and a concave mirror 2. A lid body 4 made of a heat insulating material is provided in the opening □ located above and surrounded by the light absorption window 3 and the upper end of the container 1, and an inverted plane heat collector provided on the inner upper surface of the lid body 4. (selective absorption surface) 5. Above inverted flat plate heat collector 5
A selective absorption surface of black nickel, black chromium, copper oxide black, etc. is formed on the surface of the heat exchanger, and a heat exchange pipe is provided inside the heat exchanger, and a heat medium such as water is passed through the pipe. On the other hand, as shown in detail in FIG. 3, the light-absorbing window 3 has, for example, transparent plate glasses 10 and 11 of five thicknesses facing each other with a gap of about 3 arcs, and surrounding them with a metal frame made of stainless steel. 12, and the metal frame 12
An inlet pipe 13 and an outlet pipe 14 of a light absorbing and heat dissipating material 15 are provided. In the device with the above configuration, solar energy B enters the light absorption window 3, passes through the glass 10, and the light absorption and heat dissipation material 15.
While passing through the glass 11, mainly the short wavelength portion of the sunlight is absorbed by the light absorbing and heat dissipating material 3, and the transmitted light is further reflected by the concave mirror 2 and enters the inverted plane heat collector 5 above it. Mainly the long wavelength portion of light is absorbed. That is, solar energy E enters the light-absorbing window 3, where the inverted flat plate heat collector 5 absorbs sunlight with a relatively short wavelength, which is difficult to absorb, by the light-absorbing and heat-radiating material 15, and then transmits through the light-absorbing window 3. All of the sunlight that passes through the concave mirror 2 is reflected by the concave mirror 2 and absorbed by the inverted flat plate heat collector 5 above the concave mirror 2. The thermal energy absorbed by the heat collector 5 is not dissipated to the outside due to the heat insulating material (top lid) 4 on the top thereof, and therefore heat is sufficiently transferred to the heat collector 5 through the air layer 6. .
In addition, this air layer 6 has a sealed structure inside the container, so almost no movement due to convection occurs, and double glass with a light-absorbing and heat-radiating body passed through it is used as a light-absorbing window, and an inverted flat plate heat collector is used as the light-absorbing window. Since rat damage is suppressed by use,
Light absorption efficiency can be significantly improved. Above light absorption window 3
The light-absorbing and heat-radiating material 15 that has absorbed solar energy is separately taken out and stored in a suitable storage tank, and if necessary, brought into contact with a catalyst to extract the absorbed thermal energy.
On the other hand, the heat collected by the heat collector 5 is exchanged with the heat medium (water) in the heat exchange pipe and extracted as hot water.

In the above embodiment, for example, if only the inverted flat plate heat collector 5 is used without providing the light absorption window 3 as in the conventional case, only a maximum of about 14,000 steam can be obtained, whereas the light absorption efficiency is increased by providing the light absorption window 3. In this case, a maximum of 150 to 16,000 steam can be obtained, and it has been found that this is sufficiently practical for industrial use. In the above embodiment, the ratio of the closed area of the light absorption window 3 to the area of the heat collection surface of the inverted flat plate heat collector 5 is 1:1.
If the mirror surface is configured so that , it becomes extremely efficient as an all-sky solar absorption device.

In the above embodiment, the double-structured entrance window (light absorption window 3) can be formed of a transparent material other than glass, such as polycarbonate, acrylic resin, polyethylene terephthalate, or the like.

When the light-absorbing heat-radiating material 15 is distributed through the light-absorbing window 3, the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are respectively provided at the ends of the metal frame 12. However, in order to distribute the light-absorbing heat-radiating material uniformly, for example,
2 to form a flow path, or a header is provided on the frame 12, and a light-absorbing and heat-radiating material is flowed in parallel from a plurality of nozzles drilled in the header, and a header is provided in the frame 12 at the other end. It may also be made to flow out from a similar header. In this case, it is desirable that the nozzles provided in the header have hole diameters that match the flow path resistance so that the liquid flows out uniformly from each nozzle. Note that the light-absorbing and heat-radiating material inside the light-absorbing window 3 is used in an enclosed state without being circulated. It may be replaced as appropriate. As described above, according to the present invention, energy in the entire wavelength range of sunlight is absorbed by the absorption window and the inverted flat plate heat collector so as to complement each other, and diffusely reflected light is also minimized by both, resulting in extremely high efficiency. can collect solar energy in a bottle.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing an embodiment of the solar energy absorbing device of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the light absorption window used in the present invention. 1...Base container, 2...Reflector (concave mirror), 3
......Light absorption window, 5...Inverted flat plate heat collector, 1
0, 11...Glass, 15...Light absorbing heat radiating body. Figure 1 Figure 2

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A sun light incident window, a reflecting mirror that reflects upward the sunlight introduced through the incident window, and a downward sunlight selective absorption surface that receives the reflected sunlight. In a solar energy absorbing device having an entirely heat-insulated and sealed structure, the sunlight entrance window has a double structure, and the space of the double structure absorbs light energy and absorbs heat energy through a reversible isomerization reaction. 1. A solar energy absorbing device characterized in that a fluid backlighting heat dissipating material is present that can repeatedly emit energy. 2. The solar energy absorption device according to claim 1, wherein the sunlight selective absorption surface is an inverted flat plate heat collector incorporating a heat exchange pipe.