JPS6025394B2 - inorganic composition - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a composition having foaming properties, and more particularly to a composition that can produce a foam simply by kneading raw materials with water at room temperature or under heating.

Conventionally, techniques for producing inorganic foams containing water-soluble alkali silicate as a main component have already been known. (b) There are methods to obtain foam by adding metal powder to generate scum, but in all cases, water-soluble alkali silicate is used in the form of an aqueous solution, and the physical properties of the foam cannot be improved. The addition of a hardening agent is essential to maintain this property, and commonly used hardening agents include acid salts of metals, cements, hydraulic substances such as plaster, oxides and hydroxides of divalent or higher metals. However, conventional curing agents have a sensitive curing reaction with water-soluble alkali silicate salts, and changes in the amount added immediately affect the reaction rate.
In order to improve the durability, it is necessary to increase the amount of curing agent, which increases the curing speed, shortens the shelf life of the composition, and makes work difficult. was there. Another drawback is that as the reaction rate increases, shrinkage strain within the foam increases, resulting in cracks. The present invention is characterized by using a completely new mineral powder and/or red mud as a hardening component in place of a conventional hardening agent, and the hardening component is hardened with a water-soluble alkali silicate. The present inventors discovered for the first time that although it has a function, its reaction rate is slow, and the reaction rate is not sensitively affected by changes in the amount of compounding.

In addition, these curable components can be sufficiently used industrially because they can be obtained in large quantities and at low cost as natural resources or as by-products of industrial activities. The present invention was completed by blending such a new curable component. That is, the present invention has a feng shui soluble alkali silicate as a main component, [B] a metal foaming agent, and (C) allofene as a curable component. , kyanite, sillimanite, gibbsite, diaspo and boehmite, and/or red mud is used as a raw material, and {D} water is added to the powder, and the foaming property is used. This relates to an inorganic composition. In the present invention, it is essential to use a soluble alkali kolate as the A component, and only then can the desired foam be obtained. It is impossible to manufacture the above-mentioned foam with insoluble or slightly water-soluble alkali metal citrate. Examples of the alkali component constituting component A include alkali metals such as lithium, sodium, potassium, and rubidium, and quaternary ammonium. In addition, as long as component A is water-soluble, there are no restrictions on its composition or the molar ratio of the alkali oxide (shown as R20) and SiQ, but the above Si02/R2
The molar ratio of 0 is set to 1.5 to 7.0, particularly 1.8 to 3.0. It is desirable to use the main building level. The above component A can be advantageously used alone or in combination of two or more in the form of a powder or an aqueous solution, but considering the ease of preparing the paste, the solid concentration should be reduced to 10%. Above, usually 10-60
% in the form of an aqueous solution. That is, when component A is used in the form of an aqueous solution with a concentration within the above range, a paste-like composition can be easily prepared by simply mixing it with other ingredients (B) and other ingredients used as necessary. As a result, appropriate fluidity can be obtained, and the shrinkage rate during curing is also relatively small. Next, in the present invention, B
Various metal elements, metal alloys, and intermetallic compounds can be used as the metallic foaming agent. Metal elements include periodic table OB, mA, mB, WA, NB, VA,
Any of those belonging to VB, WB, skin B, and blood relatives can be used, and among them, those belonging to the 3rd to 5th period are preferable.
Examples of such metal elements include Ca, Ba, cr, Mn,
Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, AI, Ga, Si, S
Examples include n. In the present invention, alloys or intermetallic compounds (chemical combinations between metals or between metals and non-metals) of the above metals can also be used in the same way as the above metals. If, N-Si
, N-Ti, AI-Mn, AI-Cu-Si, N-Cu
, Zn-S, Zn-Sn, Cu-Si, Fe-Si, S
Examples of i-Ni and Co-S include. The above B component is
It is usually preferable to use one or more of them in powder form of about 150 parts or less. The curable component, which is component C, used in the present invention is as follows. Allophane is a nearly amorphous hydrated aluminum/citrate represented by the composition formula nSi02・yama203・mH20 (n=1-2), and kyanite is a cleavable aluminocinate represented by the composition formula Si02・AI203. Salt, sillimanite has the composition formula Sj02.
Gypsite, an aluminosilicate for refractory materials represented by N203, is represented by the compositional formula AI(OH)3, and boehmite and diaspo are contained in bauxite, laterite, etc., represented by the compositional formula AI○(OH). It is a hydrous oxide of aluminum. Also, red mud is obtained as a by-product during aluminum smelting, and A! Fe other than 203
It contains a large amount of 203, Si02, etc. These contain a considerable amount of nail 203 as an active ingredient, but chemically obtained AI203 and AI (
Unlike OH)2, etc., it is presumed that impurities have a favorable influence on the foaming action and curing action of the present invention in some way. All of these curable components are used in powder form, and when actually used, they are used as essential raw materials for the present invention either as they are or after being branned in advance.The reaction rate varies slightly depending on the particle size, and the powder particles are fine. The reaction rate increases gradually. The blending ratio of the composition of the present invention varies depending on the types of substances used as each of these components, but is usually 10% of the solid content of component A.
Component B is about 3 to 50 parts by weight, and component C is about 20 to 50 parts by weight.

If the blending ratio of component B is too low, foaming will be insufficient, and if it is too high, the bubbles in the foam will become large and the strength will decrease.
If the amount of C component is too small, the curing reaction will be difficult to proceed, and if it is too large, foaming will be difficult. Furthermore, the composition of the present invention may contain coloring pigments, inorganic inert powders or fibrous substances as fillers, lightweight aggregates, etc., as required. Examples of the materials include , miryoku, bentonite, alumina, zeolite, silica gel, activated carbon, carbon black, zinc white, asbestos, rock wool, perlite, foamed vermiculite, plastic foam particles, and pulverized particles. The inorganic composition of the present invention foams at room temperature, but when it is intended to produce molded products such as molded plates in a factory, it can be overflowed to increase the foam curing speed and increase production efficiency. The mixed paste is poured into a mold of a predetermined shape and allowed to react. At this time, the mixed paste of the composition in the mold is flooded at a temperature of 3000 to 7000, preferably 40 to 6000. By doing so, the reaction can be carried out in a short time and a predetermined molded foam can be obtained. At this time, in order to prevent rapid evaporation of water due to heating, a water-soluble high boiling point solvent,
For example, ethylene glycol, glycerin, etc. can also be added. As described above, the present invention allows a foam to be obtained with an extremely easy operation, and by using such a material, not only can a lightweight molded board be obtained, but also it can be poured into the floor of a building to form an insulating floor. Alternatively, the paste may be injected into a hollow part of the wall, plastered on the surface of the wall or ceiling, or a paste made by direct air or Ares spraying may be pumped, or it may be forcefully mixed at the tip of a spray nozzle. In addition to being able to be coated and fixed, it can also be foam-molded using an extrusion molding machine, etc., and its uses are not particularly determined. The foam thus obtained has an inorganic composition, so it is fireproof and
It has excellent heat resistance, and has particularly high compressive strength compared to conventional foams made from water-soluble alkali phosphate salts.Furthermore, the shrinkage strain during curing is extremely small, so there is almost no cracking in the cured foam. Not only is it always valuable, but the loss of compressive strength after immersion in water is also extremely small. In describing the examples below, test methods will be listed.

"Test method" - Convenience time: The time until the composition whose viscosity increases rapidly starts foaming or the viscosity increases rapidly.

B. Compressive strength: A compression test is conducted using a molded plate of 100 willow x 100 skin x 50 ribs. C Water resistance/
・・・・・・・・・Changes in the surface after immersing the same test piece in water for 9 vowels.

If there is no abnormality, score -, if there is any abnormality, score 10. D. Shrinkage strain...The shrinkage rate of the foam is shown in % when it is foamed and cured with a molded plate. It is applied to the asbestos slate surface with a spatula to a thickness of 3 ribs, and cracks occur after the foam is cured. When there is no -
, when a crack occurs, it is displayed as a 10.

E. Specific gravity: Bulk specific gravity Water immersion strength: Perform compression test after testing in C.

Example 1 Commercially available No. 1 sodium citrate (concentration 40% by weight) 875 g, water 1
A paste was obtained by stirring a mixture of 25g of aluminum powder, 50g of metal aluminum powder, 60g of boehmite powder, and 200g of kaolin clay using a hawker for about 3 minutes. The performance was as shown in Table 1.

When this composition was spray coated for about 20 minutes using a volume of 2, the work was completed in 15 minutes, and there were no factors that hindered the work during this time. Example 2 The performance shown in Table 1 was obtained in exactly the same manner as in Example 1, except that kyanite 600,003-hour suspended powder was used instead of boehmite powder.

Examples 3 and 4 In Example 1, the amount of red mud powder was changed to 100 g (Example 3) and 900 g (
The results shown in Table 1 were obtained in exactly the same manner as in Example 1 except that Example 4) was used.

Comparative Example Tests were conducted in exactly the same manner as in Example 1, except that 30 g of aluminum sulfate was used in place of 600 g of boehmite powder, and the results shown in Table 1 were obtained.

Table 1

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1 (A) water-soluble alkali silicate, (B) metallic foaming agent, (C) at least one mineral powder selected from allofene, kyanite, sillimanite, gibbsite, diaspo, and boehmite. and/or red mud, and (D) an inorganic composition having foaming properties that contains water as an active ingredient.