JPS602544B2 - transmission - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a transmission for a vehicle, and is particularly suitable for use in combination with a fluid coupling or fluid transmission of an automobile, etc. Including forward 4
The present invention relates to a transmission having one reverse gear and one reverse gear.

Generally, the reduction ratio of the highest gear of a transmission gear used in an automatic transmission of an automobile is set to 1.0, where the input shaft and the output shaft are directly connected.

In addition, in consideration of preventive measures against recent regulations on automobile exhaust emissions, and in order to reduce fuel consumption, the reduction ratio has been increased from 1.0 during steady driving with small load fluctuations on the engine and stable operating conditions. 4. It is necessary to keep the engine in a state of increasing speed so that the rotational speed of the engine does not deviate from a predetermined operating range, and a transmission device equipped with a speed increasing ratio driving gear has been proposed. Thus, three sets of planetary gear mechanisms are combined to form a gear train combination mechanism (hereinafter simply referred to as a gear train) with five degrees of freedom, and one member of the gear train combination mechanism is connected to the output shaft,
By arbitrarily selecting two from the remaining four materials and connecting one to the input shaft and the other to the fixed member (however, if a connected state is obtained, the input shaft), the power train is completed and the specified deceleration is achieved. The idea is to realize a gear ratio of 3 to 4 forward gears and 1 reverse gear, which can be converted to a different power train by switching the connecting member and obtain a different reduction ratio, and can perform so-called gear shifting. It will be done.

On the other hand, many combinations of the three sets of planetary gear mechanisms can be considered, and a very large number of gear trains can be constructed. However, it is desirable for a transmission device used in an automatic transmission for an automobile having four forward speeds and one reverse speed, including a speed increasing ratio drive speed, to satisfy the following conditions. {1' The output shaft must always be connected to the same member of the gear train, regardless of changes in the power train. [21] The rotational speed of each element of the planetary gear mechanism should not become abnormally high in order to reduce the circumferential speed at the bearing, connecting device, or brake connection, and to avoid adverse effects caused by far zero force.

'3' Due to problems with the strength of the gears of the planetary gear mechanism, the load applied to the teeth, that is, the tangential force, should not become abnormally large.

[41] The number of teeth of the gears constituting the planetary gear mechanism must satisfy the meshing conditions, and the number of teeth of the gears whose diameters are reduced (sun gear, planet child gear) must be greater than or equal to the required number of teeth. '5} When combining planetary gear mechanisms, the connecting function should be simple and short in length, and the connecting device or brake should be easily arranged in practical use.

{6} Gear changes performed while the car is running are performed by switching the power train by switching the friction means of the connecting gear and brake, but in order to minimize the impact at the time of switching, only one friction means is used. What can be done by switching.

{7} The forward gear includes a speed increasing ratio drive gear and can be completed by repeatedly using the friction means arranged to obtain other gears without adding any special friction means,
Moreover, the reduction ratio can be obtained in the range of 0.6 to 0.8.

The present invention takes into consideration the above-mentioned conditions and uses three sets of planetary gear mechanisms, two connectors, and three brakes to achieve four forward speeds and one reverse speed, including a speed increase ratio drive gear. The present invention provides a transmission having gear stages.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the figure, the transmission device according to the present invention includes an input shaft 1 connected to a fluid coupling of an automobile or a transmission shaft of a fluid transmission, and a propulsion shaft or a final reduction shaft connected to a driving mechanism of a vehicle. Output shafts 2, 3 sets of planetary gear mechanisms 10, 20, 3 are connected to the gears of the machine.
0 are concentrically arranged, and further provided with two connectors C, , C2 and three brakes B, , B2, B3.

The three sets of planetary gear mechanisms 10, 20, and 30 each consist of three elements connected to other members.

That is, sun gears 11, 21, 31, ring internal gears 12, 2
2.32, and support arm members 14, 24, 34 which rotatably support planetary child gears 13, 23, 33 which continue the meshing relationship between the internal gear and the sun gear. It is generally known that if the rotation of one of these three elements is restricted, the other two will rotate in a predetermined relationship, so the explanation will be omitted. Next, the connection and arrangement relationship of the five-degree-of-freedom gear train formed by combining three sets of planetary gear mechanisms, the connector, and the brake will be explained.

The internal gear 11 of the first planetary gear mechanism 10 and the internal gear 22 of the second planetary gear mechanism 20 are continuous with each other, constitute the first node 3 of the gear train, and are connected to the input gear 1. is the first connecting device C. is provided.

Both support arm members 2 of the second and third planetary gear mechanisms 20 and 30
4 and 34 are connected to each other, and the second node 4 of the gear train
A second connecting device C2 is disposed between the input shaft 1 and a first connecting device C2, and a first connecting device C2 is disposed between the input shaft 1 and the transmission body shell 9, which is a fixed part.
A brake machine B is provided. It is connected to both the sun gears 21 and 31 of the second and third planetary gear mechanisms 20 and 30, and constitutes the third node 5 of the gear train. A motive B2 is provided. The support arm village 14 of the first planetary gear mechanism 10 and the third planetary gear mechanism 20
The internal gears 32 are connected to each other, form the fourth node 6 of the gear train, and are connected to the output shaft 2. The internal gear 12 of the first planetary gear mechanism 10 constitutes the fifth node 7 of the gear train, and a third connector B3 is provided between the internal gear 12 and the body shell 9. On the other hand, the first and second connecting devices C, C2 removably connect the input shaft 1 and the second node 3, or the input shaft 1 and the second node 4, by a hydraulic actuator (not shown). . In addition, the first to third brakes B and B3 are hydraulically operated devices (not shown).
to restrain the required planetary gear mechanism elements. Table 1 summarizes the operations of the connectors C, C2 and brakes B to B3 at each of the four forward speeds and one reverse speed of the transmission constructed as described above.

Table 1 In Table 1, a 0 mark indicates a state in which the connector or brake is working, and a mark without a mark indicates a state in which it is not working.

Next, to give an example of the specific numerical values of each gear of the transmission according to the present invention, the number of teeth of each gear of each planetary gear mechanism is Z, and the code used for that gear is attached. If the gear ratios of the first to third planetary gear mechanisms are p, to p3, the gear ratios of the gear mechanism are pl=.

-476p2=turtle=o-534 p. 3 = o - 333, and the reduction ratio i at each gear stage is as shown in Table 2.

Table 2: The rotational speed ratio of each node of the gear train and the element of the planetary gear mechanism to the input shaft rotation speed at each gear stage, and the tangential force acting on each gear of the planetary gear mechanism at each gear stage are the gear ratio p as described above. , ~p3 are given and can be easily calculated, so they are omitted here.

As is clear from the above explanation of the structure and operation, the present invention can achieve the initial objective and provide a transmission having four forward speeds and one reverse speed, including a practical speed increasing ratio drive speed. This is something we can provide.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The figure is a skeletal diagram showing a gear train of a transmission according to the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Input shaft, 2... Output shaft, 3 to 7... First to fifth nodes of gear train, 10... First planetary gear mechanism, 20... Second planet Gear mechanism, 30... Third planetary gear mechanism, 11, 21, 31... Sun gear, 12, 22
, 32... Internal gear, 14, 24, 34... Support arm member, C,, C2... First and second connector, B, B2,
Public...Brake, 9...Body shell.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 each comprising a support arm member that rotatably supports an input shaft, an output shaft, a sun gear, an annular internal gear, and a planetary child gear that continues the meshing interlocking relationship between the internal gear and the sun gear.
It has a gear train with five degrees of freedom consisting of a combination of two planetary gear mechanisms, two connectors, and three brakes.
The sun gear of the second planetary gear mechanism and the internal gear of the second planetary gear mechanism are connected to each other to constitute a first node of the gear train.
The support arm members of the second and third planetary gear mechanisms are connected to each other and the second
is connected to the input shaft via a second connecting device,
Both sun gears of the second and third planetary gear mechanisms are connected to each other to constitute the third node of the gear train, and the support arm member of the first planetary gear mechanism and the internal gear of the third planetary gear mechanism are connected to each other to constitute the fourth node of the gear train and are connected to the output shaft, the internal gear of the first planetary gear mechanism constitutes the fifth node of the gear train, and the second, third, fifth A transmission device characterized in that a brake is provided between each node and a body shell which is a fixed member.