JPS6025667B2 - Automotive transmission switching device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device for shifting gears in an automobile transmission using air pressure, and is easily installed in any type of transmission, easy to manufacture, and The aim is to provide a structure that allows accurate switching.

In order to save labor or automate the speed change operation, meshing of a predetermined gear train must be performed by a shift operation after the selection operation is completed.

Furthermore, when the gear train is disengaged, the shift operation in the opposite direction must be completed before proceeding to the next selection operation. The present invention has two pneumatic cylinders arranged in mutually orthogonal positions and a solenoid valve that gives an operating command to these cylinders, and has three positions parallel to the gear axis of the transmission (gear axis direction), and a gear The actuator is formed with an actuator that can be controlled in three positions in a direction perpendicular to the axis, and will be explained with reference to the drawings as follows. Fig. 1 is a front view including two vertical sections (1--, 1'-1' sections in Fig. 2), Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken from 0-Ro in Fig. 1, and the shift shaft 1 is Case 1 extends horizontally parallel to the gear axis of the machine.
5, one end of the select shift arm 3 is connected to the bolt 11.
Fixed by

The case 15 is fastened to a side wall of a transmission case (not shown) with a plurality of bolts. Select shift arm 3
extends generally horizontally toward the inside of the transmission (Fig. 2),
The pin 16 at the tip thereof is engaged with one of the notches 20 to 22 (notch 21) of three synchro ring arms (shift forks) 17 to 19. shift fork 17~
19 is supported or fixed to a shaft parallel to the gear shaft extending perpendicular to the paper plane of FIG. 2, and is slidable in all directions of the gear shaft. The notches 20 to 22 extend perpendicularly to the gear shaft, and the pin 16 meshes with one of them. A long hole 24 provided in the center of the select shift arm 3 is supported by a rectangular frame 26 that the arm 3 passes through via a pin 25 that faces the gear shaft, and the lower side of the frame 26 is connected to the vertical select shaft 2. Connect to the top of the
The upper side is connected to a guide bolt 12 which is also vertical.
The shift shaft 1 is integrally provided with a shift piston 28 at its left end (FIG. 1), and a shift cylinder 29 in which the shift piston 28 fits is fixed to the case 15 with a plurality of bolts.

Both end plates 30 and 31 of the shift cylinder 29 are provided with pressurized air inlets and outlets 32 and 33, and springs 4 and 4 are contracted in working chambers 4' and 5' between the both end plates 30 and 31 and the shift piston 28.
5, the shift piston 28 is normally held at the neutral position shown in the figure, and at that time, the pin 1 at the tip of the select shift arm 3
6 engages with the notch 21 of the central shift fork 18. The inlet/outlet 32 is connected to the inlet/outlet 37 of the shift valve (solenoid valve) A (for reverse R, 2nd gear, 4th gear...see Figure 3) through a passage 36, and the inlet 38 of the valve A is connected to the throttle 8. An inlet/outlet 40' of the dilator valve E is connected to the air pressure source P through a passage 39, and an inlet 41 of the valve E is connected to an air pressure source P through a passage 42.

The inlet/outlet 33 passes through the passage 43 and is connected to the shift valve B (first speed,
The inlet 52 is connected to the four inlets and outlets of the delay valve E through the throttle 8. The illustrated solenoid valves A to E are all in a de-energized state, so if A and E are now energized to connect the inlet 38 and outlet 37 of valve A, and the inlet 41 and outlet 40 of valve E,
Due to the action of the throttle 8, the pressure within the working chamber 4' increases after a certain time delay from the time when both valves A and E are energized, the shift piston 28 moves in the direction of arrow A', and the select shift arm 3 moves toward the frame 26. within, move in the same direction and shift fork 1
8 moves in all directions on the gear shaft, and the second speed gear train meshes.

When valves B and E are energized, the pressure in the working chamber 5' increases,
The shift piston 28 moves in the B' direction to reach the third speed. The select shaft 2 is integrally equipped with a select piston 44,
A select cylinder 45 to which a select piston 44 is iron-coupled is successively attached to the case 15 with a plurality of bolts.

End plates 46 and 47 at both ends of the cylinder 45 have entrances and exits 48 and 4.
The select piston 44 is normally held at the neutral position shown in the figure by the action of springs 6 and 7 which are provided with springs 9 and compressed in the working chambers 6' and 7' between the end plates 46 and 47 and the select piston 44. The inlet/outlet 48 passes through the passage 50 and connects to the select valve C.
(for reverse R, first speed), and the inlet 52' of valve C is connected to an air pressure source P.

The inlet/outlet 49 is connected to the inlet/outlet 54 of the select valve D (fourth far, fifth application) through a passage 53, and is connected to the inlet/outlet 54 of the valve D.
5 is similarly connected to the air pressure source P. The discharge passages 56, 57 of both valves C, D have respective throttles 10, 9. When the valve C is energized and the inlet 52' and the outlet 51' are connected, the pressure in the working chamber 6' immediately rises, and the select piston 44 moves in the direction ○, reaching the neutral position N, (Fig. 3). .

When the valve C is de-energized, the working chamber 6' is closed to the passages 50, 5.
6. In order to pass through the throttle 10 and be released to the atmosphere, the movement of the select piston 44 in the reverse C' direction starts after a certain time delay, during which time the shift operation to disengage the gear train is completed as will be described later. It has become. When the valve D is energized to connect the inlet 55 and the outlet 54, the pressure in the working chamber 7' immediately increases, and the select piston 44 immediately moves in the ◯ direction. However, when the energization to the valve D is cut off, the working chamber 7' is opened to the atmosphere through the throttle 9, so the select piston 44 starts to move in the reverse O direction after a certain period of time delay. Note that 58 and 59 are bearings. Next, the operation will be explained.

{1) Steady behavior [a) Neutral state... If all the triple electric currents of solenoid valves A to E are cut off, the gear will be in a neutral state.

The select shift arm 3 is maintained in a neutral state by springs 4, 5, 6, and 7. {b} 2-way, 3-way...When shifting to 2nd gear, energize solenoid valves A and E,
Others do not turn on.

When performing a gear shift to 3 far, energize solenoid valves B and E, and do not energize the others. {c} 4th gear, 5th gear...4
When performing gear shifting, solenoid valves A, D, and E are energized at the same time, and the others are not energized.

{d) When in 1st gear, reverse R... When performing a gear shift to 1 far, solenoid valves B, C, and E are energized at the same time, and the others are not energized.

When performing a gear shift to R speed, valves A, C, and E are energized at the same time, and the others are not energized. [2) Unsteady operation {a) As mentioned above, when the valve D is energized, the select/select piston 44 immediately moves in the D' direction and the select shift arm 3 reaches the neutral position N3, but the delay valve E
Due to the action of the throttle 8, the shift piston 28 moves in the A' direction shortly after the valves A and E are energized, and the sequence of moving to the shift stroke after the selection is completed is maintained.

When performing gear shifting to 5th speed, use solenoid valves B, D,
E is energized at the same time, and the others are not energized.

In this case as well, the sequence is maintained. As described above, due to the action of the throttle 8 installed on the supply side of valves A and B, the arm 3 is activated after the movement in the select direction (vertical direction) perpendicular to the gear axis has preceded to the arbitrary position N or N3. , operates in the shifting direction (horizontal direction) parallel to the gear axis,
Since the gear is adjusted, malfunctions will not occur.

When returning to the neutral state from the geared state, the power to each solenoid valve is cut off, and the working chambers 4', 5', and 6 of each cylinder are closed.
', 7' are exposed to the atmosphere. In this case, due to the action of the throttles 9 and 10 attached to the exhaust side of the valves C and D, even if the energization of each solenoid valve is cut off at the same time, the start of movement of the select piston 44 is delayed for a certain period of time, and therefore the operation of the arm 3 is After the movement in all directions (shift direction) precedes the desired position, it operates in the vertical direction (select direction) and enters a neutral state, so no malfunction occurs. (a- Gear shift from 2 far to 3 far...When shifting from 2nd to 3rd gear, first turn off the power to all solenoid valves to bring the gear to the neutral state N2, and then Perform a gear shift from the state to 3rd gear.

{b} Gear shift from 3rd speed to 4th speed...After cutting off the energization of each solenoid valve in order to perform a gear shift from 3rd speed to neutral state N2, a gear shift from neutral state to 4th speed is performed.

(c) Gear shift from 4th gear to 5th gear: After stopping the energization of each solenoid valve in order to shift gear from 4th gear to neutral state N3, shift gear from neutral state to 5th gear.

As explained above, according to the present invention, a transmission switching device without malfunction can be obtained.

Further according to the invention, the pneumatic supply passage 39 to the shift cylinder 29 and the pneumatic discharge passage 56 of the select cylinder 45
, 57 are provided with throttles 8, 9, and 10, respectively. When the gear train is engaged, the shift operation is performed after the select operation is completed, and when the gear train is disengaged, the shift operation is performed in the opposite direction before proceeding to the next select operation. Ensures shift operations are completed. In other words, just by setting the sizes of the apertures 8, 9, and 10 in advance,
To enter the neutral state, all solenoid valves A to E need to be de-energized, and when selecting any gear from 1st to 5th far or reverse R, it is sufficient to simply energize the designated solenoid valves. It is possible to adjust the operating timing when the gear train is engaged and when it is disengaged with an extremely simple structure. Specifically, due to the action of the throttle 8 installed on the supply side of valves A and B, the arm 3 is operated to move in the select direction (vertical direction) perpendicular to the gear axis to an arbitrary position NI or N3. After moving forward, it operates in the shift direction (horizontal direction) parallel to the gear axis and engages gear, so no malfunctions occur. When the gear is returned to the neutral state, the power to each solenoid valve is cut off, and the working chambers 4', 5', 6', and 7' of each cylinder are opened to the atmosphere. In this case, the throttles 9 and 10 installed on the exhaust side of valves C and D
Due to the function of direction (select direction) and is in a neutral state, so no malfunctions occur. When shifting from 2nd to 3rd gear while driving to the next gear, first cut off the power to all solenoid valves to bring it to neutral state N2. After that, a gear shift can be performed from the neutral state to the target gear.

That is, it is sufficient to cut off the energization of all the solenoid valves and then energize the predetermined solenoid valves at the same time. The solenoid valve that is energized after being in the neutral state is the first speed:
BCE, 2nd gear; AE, 3rd gear; BE, 4th gear; ADE, 5th far; BDE, reverse R; ACE. 8, the start of movement of the shift piston 28 is delayed for a certain period of time. Furthermore, even if all the solenoid valves are de-energized at the same time when changing from a given gear to the next gear, the start of movement of the select piston 44 will be delayed for a certain period of time due to the action of the throttles 9 and 10. Therefore, with a simple structure and control mechanism, it is possible to obtain a transmission switching device that does not cause malfunctions. Furthermore, the device of the present invention can be easily installed in various transmissions already in use.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 shows two vertical cross sections (1-1 and 1'-1 in Figure 2).
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the roller of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a speed change pattern. 1...Shift axis 2...Select axis, 3...Select shift arm, 4-7...Compression 'imitation, 8-10...
...Aperture, 17-19...Shift fork, 20-22...
...Notch, 28...Shift piston, 29...Shift cylinder, 44...Select piston, 45...Select cylinder, A~E...Solenoid valve, N,~N3...
...neutral position, P...pneumatic pressure source. Figure 2, Figure 1, Screen 3

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 3 that can move freely in the direction parallel to the gear axis (gear axis direction)
Notches 20, 21, 22 extending perpendicularly to the gear shaft are provided on the back surfaces of the shift forks 17, 18, 19, one end of the select shift arm 3 is engaged with the notch, and the other end of the select shift arm 3 is The shift shaft 1 in the gear axis direction is fixed, the shift piston 28 provided at one end of the shift shaft 1 is inserted into the shift cylinder 29, and the compression springs 4 and 5 disposed on both sides of the shift piston 28 cause the shift cylinder to move. 29 is not supplied with air pressure, the shift forks 17, 18, and 19 are kept in the neutral position, and the select shaft 2, which is perpendicular to the gear shaft, is pivotally connected to the center of the select shift arm 3. A select piston 44 provided at one end is inserted into a select cylinder 45, and compression springs 6 and 7 arranged on both sides of the select piston 44 cause the select arm 3 to move the select shaft 2 under normal conditions when air pressure is not supplied to the select cylinder 45. The working chambers 4' and 5 of the shift cylinder 29 and select cylinder 45 are maintained at the neutral position N2 where they engage with the central shift fork 18.
', 6', 7' are connected to air pressure via solenoid valves A, B, C, D, and throttles 8 are connected to the air pressure supply passage 39 to the shift cylinder 29 and the air pressure discharge passages 56, 57 of the select cylinder 45, respectively. , 9, and 10 are provided so that when the gear train is engaged, the shift operation is performed after the select operation is completed, and when the gear train is disengaged, the shift operation in the opposite direction is completed before moving on to the next select operation. A switching device for an automobile transmission, characterized in that: