JPS6027326B2 - Slope weed control method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a slope weed control method for protecting slope parts of reclamation or river embankments, reservoirs, irrigation channels, etc. from weeds.

In recent years, asphalt materials have often been used for slope paving, such as in the Sentaku Embankment mentioned above, and their impermeability, maneuverability, and workability have been highly evaluated.
Various problems have arisen, such as cracks in the pavement surface caused by weeds such as bamboo grass, horsetail, and Japanese knotweed, and a reduction in the water flow cross section due to the overgrowth of such vegetation.

For example, in the case of pavement surface destruction caused by shingles, the situation is as follows.

Shoshi is a perennial weed that has underground rhizomes, and the ways in which it invades earth structures such as embankments is when underground rhizomes enter the soil after diversion of excavated soil from the bottom of drainage channels, pump ships, etc. If it is mixed in, it is possible that the rhododendron roots that grow naturally in the water next to the embankment extend and invade beneath the pavement surface, and the new shoots of these rhizomes invade the asphalt concrete and cause damage to the pavement surface. This pushes up the asphalt concrete, causing cracks in the asphalt concrete, and eventually pushing through the slope, leading to its destruction. Conventional countermeasures have been to spray herbicides when paving slopes, increase the thickness of the pavement, or modify the asphalt material by mixing cement or various resins. However, these levels were insufficient to control weeds.

That is, when spraying herbicides, if the underground rhizomes are deep in the soil or the time of construction is shifted from the germination time of the reeds, the herbicides may have little effect as they change over time.

If the pavement is thickened to prevent pests, it can be effective to some extent by making the pavement thicker, but it comes at a very high cost. Furthermore, even if cement or resins were mixed in to improve the property, the penetration power of the shish is strong, and this is generally believed to be due to the turgor pressure of the new shoots, which reaches approximately 9 to 15 atmospheres, so it was not possible to control the grass. . For this reason, it is believed that there is currently no complete control method for the destruction of pavement surfaces caused by weeds, especially grasshoppers, and the reality is that such methods are left unaddressed.

In view of these circumstances, the present inventors first conducted a detailed investigation of asphalt concrete such as embankments where reed buds had invaded using an electron microscope.

According to this, the sprouts receive energy from underground rhizomes, undergo cell division, reach the lower part of the pavement surface, first invade the asphalt in the gaps between the aggregates, weave between the aggregates and reach the asphalt with the least resistance. It was found that it can penetrate through parts and reach the surface. Therefore, it was found that the tips of the buds were not damaged at all by aggregates, etc., and that the buds were elongating relatively easily. That is, in this case, it is thought that the strength of the asphalt concrete itself does not resist the sprouts, but only the asphalt in the asphalt concrete. It was also found that proper soil temperature and humidity are required for bud elongation even under the pavement surface. In this way, it was found that once the shiso buds penetrate the surface, the shiso stems grow rapidly, pushing up against the pavement surface as described above, causing cracks and destruction. From this, it can be inferred that the new sprouts of Shoshi first get a foothold in the minute depressions at the bottom of the paving member, invade the inside of the asphalt concrete, and grow under conditions of appropriate temperature and temperature. We came to the conclusion that the best way to prevent puncture is to provide an airtight smooth surface under the asphalt concrete.

The present invention has been made with attention to such a conclusion, and its characteristics are that it can be used on sloped surfaces such as embankments, etc., and is airtight and has a smooth surface on at least one side (slope side). For example, by laying a plastic sheet or rubber sheet and a reinforcing sheet such as an asphalt sheet that can be stacked together or separately on the sheet, the smooth surface eliminates the foothold for weeds to break through, and the airtightness prevents high temperatures and high humidity. This is a weed control method for slopes that sets conditions to destroy weed habitat conditions under the sheet.

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a case where the weed control method of the present invention is applied to a sloped slope such as a river embankment.

In this case, first, a large number of airtight plastic sheets or rubber sheets having a smooth surface on at least one side and reinforcing sheets 2, which can be stacked integrally or separately on the sheet 1, are arranged in parallel (depending on the size of the construction surface). ), and the adjacent side green parts 3, 3 of the upper and lower sheets 2 are glued together to form a continuous sheet 4 as a paving sheet, and this is laid on the slope 6 of the river embankment 5. On the other hand, concave grooves 7 and 8 are dug in the parts corresponding to the upper left and right directions of the continuous sheet body 4 on the slope side and the vertical direction of the outermost edge of the continuous sheet body 4 (located in two places on both sides in principle). The upper edge 4a and the outermost edge 4b of the continuous sheet body 4 are folded into the grooves 7 and 8, and then gravel, sand, etc. are put into the grooves 7 and 8, and the continuous sheet body 4 is fixed. The lower part of the continuous sheet 4 extends above the slope 6 underwater, and the underwater depth h of the lower edge 4c is the depth that is considered to be the germination limit for underwater plants such as shiso. , approximately 1. Further, if necessary, drain mechanisms 9 for drainage are provided on the slope side under the seat in the vertical direction.

To explain this construction method in more detail, first, the base of the slope 6 to be constructed is flattened and shaped.

Next, the upper edge 4a of the sheet continuous body 4 is placed above the construction slope 6.
A concave groove 7 extending in the left-right direction is dug in the portion where the slope ends, and if construction is performed by dividing the slope 6 into appropriate sections, the sheet continuous body 4 is cut on both sides of the end of the slope 6, or when the slope 6 is divided into sections as appropriate. A concave groove 8 extending in the vertical direction is dug in the portion where the outermost edge 4b is. When installing a drain mechanism 9, drain grooves 10 are dug at appropriate intervals in the vertical direction within the slope 6, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and water-permeable nonwoven fabric is Drain material 11 consisting of the like is put in, and if necessary, gravel or the like is put into it, and the drain material greens 11a, 11a on both sides of the unfolded state are closed.

Incidentally, embankment 12 of sand or the like may be applied depending on the case. As a result, moisture in the soil on the slope is smoothly removed, and in the case of embankments made of mud with a high moisture content, the slope is reinforced. That is, if the embankment itself is located on reclaimed land or the like and is constructed on soft ground, sliding failure of the ground can be prevented by increasing the internal friction angle of the soil by removing water. Furthermore, the soil temperature rises easily during the day, which can destroy the habitat conditions for shishi and other species. On the other hand, the above-mentioned sheet continuous body 4 laid on the leveled slope 6 as described above
The plastic sheet or rubber sheet 1 and the reinforcing sheet 2 constituting the can be constructed separately, for example by laying the reinforcing sheet 2 after laying the plastic sheet or rubber sheet 1, but it is possible to This is preferable in terms of handling, and for example, those having the structures shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B may be used.

In this case, the material of the plastic sheet or rubber sheet 1 does not particularly matter, but for airtightness it is necessary to have at least one smooth surface on the slope side. It is sufficient that the material does not have recesses that serve as footholds, and for example, a plastic sheet made of polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, vinylidene chloride, etc., or a rubber sheet made of butyl rubber, chloroprene rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, etc. can be used. The thickness is not particularly limited, but it should be 0.1 to prevent the strength from being too weak or from forming fine particles during handling, which could become a foothold for the shoshi sprouts.
It is good to have about 2 sides. Further, as the reinforcing sheet 2, any well-known material can be used as long as it reinforces the plastic sheet or rubber sheet 1, and is not particularly limited, but in this embodiment, an asphalt sheet is used. This sheet is made by impregnating an asphalt material 14 into a nonwoven fabric 13 or the like made of synthetic fibers. The nonwoven fabric 13 may also be considered to be linen silk, glass cloth, or other core materials commonly used as core materials for this type of asphalt sheet. In the case of an asphalt sheet, the asphalt material is melted by heating or the like or rubber asphalt or the like is applied and bonded to the plastic sheet or rubber sheet 1.
Even when using other reinforcing sheets, it is preferable to use molten asphalt material as a glue or use other adhesives to bond them together. In addition to the above-mentioned independent sheet, the sheet 2 can also be made by coating a plastic sheet or a rubber sheet with an asphalt material, a rubber asphalt material mixed with rubber, or another material having appropriate strength, and curing it. This also includes cases in which the materials are bonded together in a sheet form. This sheet 2
The thickness is not particularly limited and may vary depending on the material, but may be about 3 to 2 thick. In the case of FIG. 4B, a metal member 15 such as metal lath, wire mesh, wire rope mesh, etc. is interposed between both sheets 1 and 2. This provides rigidity when using metal lath with a high specific gravity, making it easier to adhere to slopes and improving strength, especially when laying on slopes underwater as mentioned above. Since it can give a specific gravity of , it can press against the slope surface by sinking smoothly and prevent it from rolling up due to the flow. Next, a large number of the upper and lower sheets 1 and 2 made in this way are arranged in parallel according to the size of the slope 6 to be constructed or to the size of the division when dividing construction is to be performed. The continuous sheet body 4 is formed by bonding the side edge portions 3, 3 together, and in this case, bonding is preferably done at the site by heating one or both of the side edge portions 3, 3 with a gas burner or the like. The asphalt material is melted and welded, and an adhesive 16 such as rubber asphalt is applied to smooth the joint and improve adhesive strength, as shown in FIG. 5, for example. In this case, the lower sheet 1 is extended in advance so that the airtightness by the sheet 1 is effectively maintained, and this extended portion l
It is preferable that the adhesive portion a be brought into close contact with the lower surface of the upper sheet 1 at the adhesive portion. This gluing work is performed on the top of the slope 6 to be constructed or on the embankment such as the slope on the opposite side. Then, the completed sheet continuous body 4 is fixed by wrapping its lower green 4c into a pipe body 17, such as a steel pipe or a vinyl chloride pipe filled with concrete or the like to make it heavy, as shown in FIG. 6, for example. Wire rope for towing 18
etc., and then tow it from the opposite side of the river and move it onto the target slope 6 and lay it.

A metal member 1 such as metal lath is placed between the upper and lower sheets 1 and 2.
This method is particularly effective in the case of a material in which 5 is interposed, since the material has considerable rigidity. To prevent damage to the plastic sheet or rubber sheet 1 during this movement, a plastic sheet for promoting sliding may be laid in advance on the movement area or even on the construction slope. Once it has been moved to a predetermined position in this way, the upper green 4a and the left and right outermost edges 4b of the sheet continuous body 4 are folded into the grooves 7 and 8, and then inserted into the grooves 7 and 8. Gravel, soil, etc. are put in and the sheet continuous body 4 is fixed. In this case, as shown in FIG. 7, a small hole is partially formed in the upper edge 4a of the sheet continuous body 1,
The water-permeable drain member 11 of the drain mechanism 9 is attached to this.
The upper end portion 11b of the water vapor may be pushed through as a water vapor outlet to be exposed into the groove 7. This allows water vapor generated during high temperatures, such as during the day, to be removed more smoothly into the atmosphere, and by maintaining high temperatures while drying the slope quickly, it is possible to destroy the habitat conditions for shishi and other species. Next, if the sheet continuous body 4 is particularly long in the vertical or horizontal direction,
Since it is difficult to pull a long object into water at once as described above, it is preferable to provide construction sections as appropriate and to construct the joints as shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B.

For example, taking the case of the outermost edge 4b of the continuous sheet body 4, the plastic or rubber sheet 1 on the outermost edge 4b of the continuous sheet body 4, which is on the lower side in the case of FIG. 8A, is extended, This is a case where the extended portion lb is buried in a groove 19 dug in the vertical direction, and then the outermost edge 4a of the other sheet continuous body 4 is overlapped and welded. In the case of FIG. 8B, both sheet continuous bodies 4,4
plastic or rubber sheet 1 on the outermost edge 4b, 4b of
. This is a case where the reinforcing sheet pieces 21 placed on 2 and 2 are overlapped and settled. This maintains the airtightness of the joint. Incidentally, the seam of the upper green 4a of the sheet continuous body 4 may be constructed in the same manner. To maintain airtightness, construction may be performed, for example, as shown in FIG.

That is, after the leveling of the slope 6 is completed and before the continuous sheet body 4 is laid, the continuous sheet body 4 is preliminarily bonded as shown in FIG. A root anchoring sheet 22 made of the same material as the plastic or rubber sheet 1 is buried in a T-shape, for example, at a depth of about 30 arcs, and the section surrounded by the anchoring sheet 22 is airtight. It is better to do this. As a result, the airtightness of section 4 is maintained sufficiently. In this case, it is desirable to bond the extended portion la of the sheet 1 and the stop line sheet 22 with a rubber asphalt tube. Incidentally, when a weed control test was carried out by applying the above-mentioned slow-growing weed control method to a part of the sloping slope of the embankment where shredders grow naturally, it was found that the grass grew on the sheet surface on the slope side. Although some unevenness was observed, there was no penetration.

The elongation of the shiso buds was about 50 cm on average, and they generally meandered under the sheets, some of them withered partially, and mold growth was observed. This is because the smooth surface of the sheet prevented the shiso buds from gaining a foothold to break through, and the airtightness of the sheet did not allow for suitable temperature and habitat conditions suitable for the growth of the shish. means.

Particularly in the case of asphalt sheets, the absorption of solar heat during the day results in high temperatures and high humidity, which further accelerates the death of the shiso buds. In addition, although the case where the construction method of the present invention is applied to a river embankment has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this, and can of course be applied to other slopes that require protection from weeds.

If the lower edge of the sheet continuous body does not go into the water, it can be fixed in the same manner as in the case of upper green. As is clear from the above explanation, according to the slope weed control method of the present invention, an airtight plastic sheet or rubber sheet having at least one smooth surface and a reinforcing sheet that is stacked integrally or separately on the sheet. A large number of these are arranged in parallel, and the adjacent side green parts of both the upper and lower sheets are adhered to form a continuous sheet, and the continuous sheet is placed with the smooth side of the plastic or rubber sheet facing down, and Since the lower edge is submerged under water and then laid and fixed on the slope of a river embankment, an airtight, smooth plastic sheet or rubber sheet is placed on the slope side, and the reed sprouts are placed on the slope. Weeds such as these are not able to break through because they cannot get a foothold to break through, and the airtightness destroys habitat conditions such as soil temperature and moisture, which eventually leads to wither and death, making it impossible to effectively kill weeds. It can be prevented.

In addition, in the case of the present invention, construction can be easily carried out on the underwater side of rivers, which was considered difficult in the past. It can be prevented. Furthermore, since the outer reinforcing sheet has sufficient strength, it can be left as is and construction is easy. In the case of construction using both upper and lower sheets, it is significantly lighter than conventional asphalt concrete pavement, so even when it is embanked on soft ground such as a polder embankment, there is no risk of ground subsidence, and there is no risk of subsidence of treetops. It also has reproducibility and does not have much negative impact. When a metal member is interposed between the upper and lower sheets, a large specific gravity and a certain degree of rigidity can be obtained, so that the sheets can be laid stably and in close contact with each other. When an asphalt sheet is used as the reinforcing sheet, adhesion is easy and workability is good. Furthermore, if a drain mechanism is provided on the slope side, it can be expected to improve the workability of the construction work, contribute to the stability of the embankment body, and have secondary effects such as increasing soil temperature.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a partially longitudinal perspective view showing an example in which the weed control method of the present invention is applied to a sloped slope such as a river embankment;
The figures are perspective views showing each stage of the drainage mechanism constructed in the present invention, Figure 3 is a vertical sectional view of the drainage mechanism, and Figures 4A and B are plastic sheets or rubber sheets used in the present invention. A perspective view showing the structure of the reinforcing sheet, FIG. 5 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the adhesive portion between the plastic sheet or rubber sheet and the reinforcing sheet, and FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an example of the construction of the present invention in progress. Fig. 7 is a vertical side view showing the construction state of the drainage drain mechanism, Figs. 8A and B are sectional views of the construction joints that occur in the present invention, and Fig. 9 is the case where the line stop sheet is buried in the present invention. FIG. 1...Plastic sheet or rubber sheet, 2...
... Reinforcement sheet, 3, 3 ... Side green part of sheets 1 and 2, 4 ... Sheet continuum, 6 ... Slope, 9 ...・Drain mechanism for drainage. Figure lFigure 2Figure 3Figure 5Figure 7Figure 4Figure 9Figure 6Figure 8

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1 A large number of airtight plastic or rubber sheets having smoothness on at least one side and reinforcing sheets stacked integrally or separately on the sheets are arranged in parallel and adjacent side edges of both the upper and lower sheets The parts are glued together to form a continuous sheet, and the continuous sheet is placed with the smooth side of the plastic or rubber sheet facing down and the lower edge of the continuous sheet is placed under water. A weed control method for slopes that is characterized by laying and fixing the weeds on the surface. 2. The method for controlling weeds on slopes according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing sheet is an asphalt sheet.