JPS6029878B2 - grain drying equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an apparatus for drying grains such as unhulled rice or wheat grains.

Conventionally, in order to obtain high quality dried grains with less cracking,
A drying device that temporarily suspends the drying operation and adjusts the humidity during that time is known, but the method of loading grain in the known example is as follows.

That is, as shown in FIG. 1, for example, three tanks A, B,
Elevator D is placed in the vicinity of C, and a distribution device E is attached to the elevator D. Then, the grains produced by the elevator D are filled into the tank A by the distribution device E, and the tank When A is filled, the distribution device E is switched to fill tank B with grain, tank C is left empty, and elevators F and dryers G are placed near tanks A, B, and C. The grains filled in tank A were taken out and fed to dryer G by elevator F, dried by dryer G, and then transferred to empty tank C for humidity control.

When using this method, both the tanks A and B are completely filled with grain, then the grain is taken out from tank A and the grain is loaded into dryer G, so the loading time required up to that point is The total time is the time required to fill both tanks A and B with grains, plus the time required to fill dryer G with grains. In addition to the drawback that the above-mentioned known example takes a long time to fill, for example, when grain with high moisture content is received, it is poured directly into tanks A and B, so it is difficult to strain. If you start drying immediately after the rice is loaded, there will be little damage, but if you leave it in storage for even a day or two and it dries later, it will not only swell and turn yellow quickly. However, due to its high moisture content, it had the fatal defect of fermenting and forming lumps. The present invention can overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies with only slight changes to the overall system, and at the same time
It is designed to automatically switch between tensioning work and circulation drying work. That is, FIG. 2 shows a part of the main configuration of the present invention, and in FIG. 2, 11, 12, 1
3 is a tank corresponding to A, B, and C in FIG. 1, 6 is a drying beach corresponding to G in FIG. 1, 5 is an elevator corresponding to D in FIG. This elevator corresponds to F in FIG. 1, but unlike the elevator in FIG. After the grain is slightly dried by
The liquid is stored in each tank 11, 12 through the tank 11, 12.

With this configuration, even if the tank has a large capacity, only one batch of dried grain will be stored, so even if it is left stored for a long time, the grain will be damaged (yellowing) as described above. The meaning of becoming rice) is rare.

In addition, when comparing the loading time for the dryer 6 with the one in Figure 1, the one in Figure 2 shows that the time for the tank 11 to fill up and the capacity of the dryer 6 from the tank 12 have been reduced. Since the total amount of time required for embedding can be reduced by 30 minutes, the embedding time can be significantly shortened compared to the known example shown in FIG. The gist of the present invention is that the configuration shown in FIG.
In a structure in which a plurality of tanks are arranged in the vicinity of one dryer, and the grain is dried by circulating between the dryer and the tank, A supply device dedicated to supplying grain to the dryer is arranged at a position, and between the dryer and the tank there is a first circulation device that runs from the dryer to the tank, and a first circulation device that runs from the tank to the dryer. A second circulation device leading to the tank is installed, a switch for confirming the end of storage is installed at a desired position of the tank, and the switch and the supply device are connected in a related manner, so that when the switch is activated, the supply starts. A grain drying device configured to automatically stop the device, and configured to automatically operate a second circulation device from the first tank to the dryer by the switch to perform circulation drying at the same time. The structure is as follows. To explain with a diagram, 1
is a relay tank, which has an internal volume capable of storing a desired amount of unhulled rice (or wheat grains hereinafter referred to as unhulled rice), and is taken out from a storage tank (not shown) provided near the tank 1 and placed therein. The tank 1 is configured to be supplied with unhulled rice either by flowing into the tank 1 or by providing a separate elevator.

The lower part of the tank is formed with a funnel-shaped outlet 2, and a shutter 2' is attached to the outlet 2. The shutter 2' is usually constituted by a solenoid valve. The discharge port 2
A conveyor 4 rotated by a motor 3 is attached to the lower part of the conveyor 4, and the unhulled rice that has fallen from the discharge port 2 is conveyed sideways by the conveyor 4. Reference numeral 5 denotes an elevator for lifting the unhulled rice transferred by the conveyor 4, and the elevator 5 loads the unhulled rice into the dryer 6.

Therefore, in Figure 3, from the relay tank to the dryer 6
The route up to this point becomes a dedicated "feeding device x" for the dryer 6. The dryer 6 is configured as a down flow type, and has an inlet 7 formed in the upper part and an outlet 8 formed in the lower part. 8' is a shutter attached to the discharge port, which is usually composed of a solenoid valve.

Reference numeral 9 denotes a conveyor that transports the dry grains that have fallen from the discharge port 8 when the shutter 8' is opened, and an elevator that transports the dry grains that have been transported horizontally by the conveyor 9.

A desired number of storage and cargo receiving tanks 11, 12, 13, and 14 are provided near the elevator 10. Although the figure shows four tanks, it is possible to use two or more tanks. Comparing the internal volumes of the tanks 11 to 14 and the internal volume of the dryer 6, as an example,
Each of the dryers 4 is larger than the dryer 6 and has an internal volume twice as large. 15 is a loading conveyor for loading unhulled rice from the elevator 10 into each tank 11 to 14, 16
1 is a conveyor that transports the unhulled rice discharged from each tank 11 to 14, and 17 is an elevator that lifts the unhulled rice that has been transported across by the conveyor 16. The discharge gutter 18 of the elevator 17 is the inlet of the elevator 6. Open □ at 7.

Since it is configured as described above, the conveyor 9
The route from to the stakeout conveyor 15 is the tank group 11 to 14.
This is called the "first circulation device Y."

Further, the path from the conveyor 16 to the discharge gutter 18 is a return path of circulation, and is referred to as a "second circulation device Z." Then,
When the motor 3 is energized by pressing the manual pushbutton switch 46 (see Fig. 4), it rotates the conveyor 4.
At the same time as the switch 46 is turned on, the shutter 2' of the discharge port 2 of the relay tank 1 opens, and the grain is discharged from the discharge port 2 at an upper position inside the dryer 6 and at a position slightly lower than the inlet port 7. A level switch 19 is attached to the.

The switch 19 stops the motor 3 when the dryer 6 is full of grains and the switch 19 is pressed. That is, in Figure 4,
19' is a switch that turns on when the bell switch 19 is pressed; when the switch 19' is turned on, the relay 21 is energized via the normally open timer switch 20', and is interlocked with the relay 21. The motor 3 is stopped by turning off the relay switch 21'. The relay 21 operates the self-holding switch 21'' and the switch 21'' that turns on and off the motor 22 that rotates the conveyor 16. At this time, the instantaneous operation of the level switch 19 causes the above-mentioned operation to occur. A closed circuit connecting the self-holding switch 21'', the timer switch 20', and the relay 21 is formed. When the timer relay 20 installed in parallel with this closed circuit is energized for a predetermined time, the timer switch 20' opens, the relay 21 becomes inactive, the switch 21 is closed, and the motor 3 is restarted. It is configured to be Each of the tanks 11 to 14 is provided with level switches 23, 24, 25, and 26 at their upper positions.

In addition to the level switches 23 to 26, an intermediate level switch 27 is provided at an intermediate position. The level switch 27 may be attached to any one tank, or may be attached to all the tanks 11 to 14.
Lower discharge ports 28, 29, 30, 3 of each tank 11 to 14
1 has discharge switches 32, 33, 34, 35, respectively.
is installed. Furthermore, shutters 36, 37, 38, and 39 are attached to each drop opening of the tensioning conveyor 15, respectively. Then, when the motor 49 is energized to rotate the conveyor 9 and the elevator 10 loads the grain, the shutter 36 is first opened, for example, and the unhulled rice is stored in the tank 11.

When the storage amount reaches the level switch 23, the shutter 3
6 is automatically closed, a second shutter 37 is automatically opened, and unhulled rice is automatically stored in the tank 12. Similarly, when the amount of storage in the tank 12 increases and reaches the level switch 24, the shutter 37 is automatically closed and the next shutter 38 is automatically opened. When level switch 27 is reached,
configured to be automatically closed by the switch 27;
After a certain period of time via the timer 48, the discharge switch 32 is operated to open the discharge port 28, and at the same time, the circuits such as the motor 3 are turned off to stop the "supply device Z' is started, the conveyor 16 is rotated, the grain is lifted by the elevator 17, and the grain is returned to the dryer 6, and circulation drying is automatically started. That is, in FIG. 4, when the level switch 27 is activated, the relay switch 27' is turned on, and by manually switching the selection switch 43 to the actual position, the relay 44 is energized, and the switch 44' is turned on. ON
Therefore, the timer 48 is energized, the timer switch 48' is turned on, and the relay 40 is energized. Therefore, the switch 40' of the relay 40 is turned on, the switch 40'' is turned off, the relay 41 is energized, the switch 41' is turned on, the motor 22 is energized via the switch 21 which is on, and the motor 22 is turned on. Rotate and also relay 4
2, the switch 42' is turned off, and the motor 3, which had been rotating until then, is stopped. Next, 4 in Figure 4
3 is a selection switch, and by switching this, any one of the tanks 11 to 14 can be selected as the final filling tank.

That is, if the selection switch 43 is switched to the third switch (the state shown in FIG. 4), the relay 44 is energized and the switch 44' is turned ON, thereby attaching it to the tank 13. Enables activation of certain intermediate level switches 27. 6' is a hot air supply device, 8
' is a shutter, 45 is a relay, 45' is its switch, and 47 is a stop switch.

Next, we will discuss the effect. Since the present invention has the above-described structure, when starting the work, the shutter 2' is closed, and in this state, when grains are fed into the relay tank 1 from above, the desired amount of grains is delivered into the tank 1. stored.

Next, when the pushbutton switch 46 is manually pressed and turned ON, the relay 45 is energized via the stop switch 47, which is always ON, and the relay switches 45' and 45'' are turned ON'.
Rub. Therefore, when the relay switch 45' becomes ONI, the relay 42 is energized (the switch group 40'' is closed), the switch 42' is turned on, and the level switch 21' is closed, so the motor 3 is energized. Electricity is applied to rotate the conveyor 4 and open the shutter 2'.Therefore, the grains that have fallen from the discharge port 2 are moved to the right by the conveyor 4, fall into the loading port at the lower end of the elevator 5, and rise inside the elevator 5. Then, from the discharge gutter, the inlet 7 of the dryer 6
flows into. That is, "feeding device X" operates to feed grain. In this case, initially, the shutter 8' of the outlet 8 of the dryer 6 is closed, and grains gradually accumulate in the dryer 6 until it reaches the level switch 19. Then, due to the grain pressure, the level switch 1
9 to turn on the switch 19', and turn on the switch 1.
9', the timer relay 201 is energized, the relay switch 20' is turned on after T seconds, the relay 21 is energized, the relay switch 21' is turned OFF, the self-holding switch 21'' is turned on, and another race ichi 21
... is turned OFF. Therefore, the motor 3 stops, the shutter 2' closes, the conveyor 4 stops, and at the same time, the motor 49 is energized (not shown in the wiring diagram), and the dryer 6
Open the shutter 8' attached to the outlet 8 of the
A hot air supply device 6' attached to the dryer 6 is rotated to rotate the grains while the conveyor 9 conveys the grains by one elevator. The grain that has been tinned inside the elevator 10 is transferred to the tensioning conveyor 1.
5 and flows into the tank 11 through the shutter 36. The above is the start-up of the "first circulation device Y". In this case, the shutters 37, 38, 39 of the tension conveyor 15 and the lower discharge ports 28 of each tank 11, 12, 13, 14
, 29, 30, and 31 are all closed. Therefore, the grain falls only through the open shutter 36, fills the tank 11, and finally reaches the bell switch 23.
Then, the switch 23 closes the shutter 36 and opens the shutter 37, allowing the next tank 12 to be filled with grain. In the above case, when the grain flows out from the outlet 8 of the dryer 6, the grain inside the dryer 6 is lowered by the lever switch 19, but the motor 3
operates independently of that fact.

That is, the motor 3, which is stopped by pressing the switch 19 with grain pressure, is activated automatically after T seconds by the timer 20 shown in FIG. 4 and turns off the switch 20'. After T seconds, the switch 21' is turned on and the motor 3 starts rotating. Therefore, the amount stored in the dryer 6 remains approximately constant (note that even if the level switch 19 is in the position where the grain does not drop for a long time, in that case, the level switch 19 should be set at the grain level). Since we will continue to press
The switch 21' remains OFF and the motor 3 does not rotate. Thus, when the selection switch 43 in FIG. 4 is switched to the position (3), the relay 44 is energized and the switch 44' is turned on.

If the work continues in this state, the grain reaches the level switch 24, the shutter 37 closes and the shutter 38 opens, and the grain flows into the tank 13, but the grain reaches the intermediate position of the tank 13. Since the intermediate level switch 27 is attached to the switch 2,
When the grain reaches 7, turn on the switch 27' and turn it on.
Timer relay 4 via switch 44'
8 is energized. Therefore, after T seconds, switch 48' is turned on.
Then, the relay 401 is energized and its switch 40' is turned OFF.
The relay 41 is energized as N. Also, switch 40'' is turned OFF to de-energize relay 42. Relay 41
When energized, the motor 22 is energized through the switches 21, which are closed by the switch 41', and the conveyor 16 is rotated to return the taken out grain to the dryer 6 using the elevator 17. That is, "second circulation device Z"
is activated (at this time, although not shown in FIG. 4, the discharge port 28 automatically opens). Also, relay 42
is released, switch 4, which was ON until then,
2' is turned OFF to stop the motor 3. In other words, the level switch 27 releases tensioning of the entire apparatus, and at the same time, circulation drying is started.

Then, as described above, the motor 22 is energized and circulation drying is started, but only the shutter 38 of the tensioning conveyor 15 is closed, and the other shutters 36, 37, 39 are closed. are both closed, so the grain in the dryer 6 continues to be deposited into the tank 13. In this case, the tank space above the level switch 27 and the internal volume of the dryer 6 are are configured equally, so only the grain that has passed through the dryer 6 once fills the upper space of the level switch 27 and presses the level switch 25, closing the shutter 38 and closing the shutter 39. It will open.

At this point, the grain discharged from the dryer 6 is the grain that has been dried for the second time (i.e., the grain taken out from the tank 11).
This means that when all of the grains in the empty tank 14 have flowed out and the grains in the tank 11 have completely flowed out, the outlet 28 of the tank 11 is automatically closed and the outlet 29 of the tank 12 is opened. Then, the grains in the tank 12 are taken out, passed through the dryer 6 into the empty tank 11, and then transferred. As shown in FIG. 1 attached to the present application, the tank of a conventionally known grain drying apparatus is configured to directly fill the tank with grain using a feeding means.

Therefore, when grains with high moisture content, such as grains harvested in rainy weather, are stored in a tank, they may ferment or deteriorate in quality. However, according to the present invention, when storing the grains in the tank, the grains are dried a little by a dryer placed in the vicinity before storing the grains. It also has the feature of being able to perform circulation drying using.

Further, in the present invention, a plurality of tanks 11 to 14 are arranged in the vicinity of one dryer 6, and the dryer 6 and the tank 1
1 to 14, a dedicated feeding device X for supplying grain to the dryer 6 is provided near the dryer 6. A first circulation device Y extending from the dryer 6 to the tanks 11 to 14 and a first circulation device Y extending from the tanks 11 to 14 to the dryer 6 are arranged between the dryer 6 and the tanks 11 to 14. A second circulation device Z is arranged, a switch 27 for confirming the end of storage is attached to a desired position of the tanks 11 to 14, and the switch 27 and the supply device The supply device X is configured to automatically stop when activated, and the second circulation device Z from the tanks 11 to 14 to the dryer 6 is automatically activated by the switch 27. From then on, the tensioning work is automatically finished and the process automatically moves to circulation drying.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram of a known example, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the present invention corresponding to FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway side view, and FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram. Explanation of symbols: 1... Relay tank, 2... Discharge port, 2'... Shutter, 3... Motor, 4...
・Conveyor, 5...Elevator, 6...Dryer, 6'...Hot air supply device, 7...Inlet, 8...Discharge □, 8'... Shutter, 9... Conveyor, 10... Elevator, 11, 12, 13,
14... Tank, 15... Staking conveyor,
16...Transverse conveyor, 17...Elevator,
18...Discharge gutter, 19...Level switch, 19'...Switch, 20...Timer relay, 20
'...Timer switch, 21...Relay, 21'...
Relay switch, 21″...Self-holding switch,
21 River... Switch, 22... Motor, 23
, 24, 25, 26. ．．・．． ．．・Level switch, 27
...Intermediate level switch, 27'...Relay switch, 28, 29, 30, 31...Lower discharge port, 32
, 33, 34, 35... Ejection switch, 36, 37, 3
8, 39...Shutter, 40...Relay, 40'...
Switch, 40″...Switch, 41...Relay, 41
'...Switch, 42...Relay, 42'...Switch, 43...Selection switch, 44...Relay, 44'...Switch, 45...Relay, 45'...Switch, 45″・・・Self-holding switch, 46
...Manual pushbutton switch, 47...
Stop switch, 48...Timer, 48'...Timer switch, 49...Motor, X...
Supply device, Y...first circulation device, Z...second circulation device. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a structure in which a plurality of tanks are arranged in the vicinity of one dryer and grain is dried by circulating movement between the dryer and the tank, A dedicated feeding device for supplying grain to the dryer is arranged in a nearby position, and between the dryer and the tank there is a first circulation device that runs from the dryer to the tank, and a first circulation device that runs from the tank to the tank. A second circulation device leading to the dryer is arranged, a switch for confirming the completion of storage is installed at a desired position of the tank, and the switch and the supply device are connected in relation to each other, so that when the switch is activated, the A grain drying apparatus, wherein the feeding device is configured to automatically stop, and the switch automatically operates a second circulation device from the tank to the dryer to perform circulation drying at the same time. .