JPS6030872B2 - 5-port 3-position center closed type switching valve - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a remote-controlled 5-boat 3-position center-closed switching valve used to operate a double-acting cylinder or the like under hydraulic pressure or pneumatic pressure.

Purpose In the conventionally known 5-boat 3-position center closed switching valves for remote control, there are two types: one operated by a fluid signal and the other operated by an electric signal. It becomes one operating state, removing or applying the A signal brings it into a neutral state, giving or removing another B signal brings it into another working state, and removing or giving the B signal brings it into a neutral state. becomes.

A valve having such a function is called a three-position valve, and one in which all passages within the valve are closed in the neutral position is called a center-closed type.

This is expressed using JIS B O125 free air pressure display symbols as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 1 shows a type that operates with a fluid signal, and FIG. 2 shows a type that operates with an electric signal. Such conventional 5-boat 3-position center-closed switching valves for operating double-acting cylinders of known technology have some problems in terms of structure [for example, in the conventional example shown in Fig. 6, the sliding of the spool causes The seal between the flow path switching valve and the spool collar is achieved by six ○ rings provided between the lantern rings. Further, pistons of different sizes are provided at both ends of the spool, and the spool is pressed by the pistons, so the structure is complicated and not compact. In addition, in Fig. 6, 150 is a spool, 151 is a small piston, 152 is a large piston, 153 is a circle, 15
4 is a lantern ring. ], they had short lifespans, were not small and lightweight, had a large number of parts, so were somewhat unreliable, were not easy to manufacture, and were not cheap. Furthermore, to summarize some of the drawbacks of the prior art, the structure was complicated. In FIG. 6, there were two pistons on each side to operate the spool 150. [Small piston 151,
Large piston 152], the present invention has only one discharge valve 40, 50 on the left and right sides corresponding to the large piston 152. In addition, in the conventional technology, 0
Six rings 153 are provided, and the packings 45 and 55 in the present invention are the Subur type in the prior art, so the seal is less reliable, difficult to process, and has poor durability. Although it is less sensitive, since it is a pochet type, it has the opposite advantage to the spool type. In addition, the spool type has six ○ rings and the total length is long. Since the device of this invention is a bohette type, the overall length is not long and it is compact. As above, the drawbacks of the prior art have been explained in great detail and compared with those of the present invention. The present invention aims to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art.

To reiterate, the purpose of the present invention is to eliminate (solve) the drawbacks (problems) of the above-mentioned prior art. As described above, the present invention provides a main body having a fluid supply chamber, one output chamber at both ends of the fluid supply chamber with a side wall between them, and a discharge chamber and a piston chamber outside the output chamber with a side wall between them. A spool with flanges at both left and right ends and in the center is installed so as to be able to slide left and right, and a cup-shaped discharge valve is provided in each piston chamber. - The shortcomings of the above-mentioned conventional technology are eliminated by making the valve body slidable and the valve seat provided in the cup-shaped open green part, thereby increasing the service life and reducing the size. It has superior effects over conventional ones, such as being lighter, more reliable, and easier to manufacture. Configuration Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a fluid-operated five-boat three-position center-closed switching valve according to the present invention.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a main body, and a spool mounting hole 3 is provided through the main body 1 so as to accommodate a spool 2 that has been reinstalled into the main body 1. The main body 1 is also provided with a fluid supply chamber 4 in the center so as to be perpendicular to the axis of the spool mounting hole 3, and output chambers 7 and 8 on both left and right sides thereof separated by side walls 5 and 6. Exhaust chambers 11 and 12 are provided further outside of the output chambers 7 and 8 with side walls 9 and 10 in between, respectively, and extend across the spool mounting hole 3 as shown.

The fluid supply chamber 4 is connected to a fluid supply port 13 extending from the outer wall of the main body 1, and the output chamber 7 and the output chamber 8 are connected to an output port 14 and an output row 5 extending from the outer wall of the main body 1, respectively. It is being transported. Further, the exhaust chambers 11 and 12 are adapted to fit into exhaust rows 6 and 17, respectively, which are provided on the outer wall of the main body 1, as shown in the figure.

The main body 1 is provided with piston chambers 18 and 19 on the left and right sides of the exhaust chambers 11 and 12 so that the center of the piston matches the spool mounting hole 3.

The piston chambers 18 and 19 have a circular cross section and a diameter equal to that of the side wall 5,
The diameters are larger than the diameters of the spool holes 20, 21, 22, and 23, which have the same diameter and form the spool mounting holes 3, which are provided in 6, 9, and 101 holes.

Preferably, its size is approximately twice as large (twice in terms of area). Further, the side walls 5, 6, 9, and 10 are arranged at approximately equal intervals as shown in the figure.

The main body 1 has a central flange 30 that comes into loose contact with the holes 20 and 21 of the side walls 5 and 6, a 4-inch diameter that is equal in diameter to the central flange 30, a left end flange 31 in diameter, and a right end flange 32, and a center flange 31 and a right end flange 32. A spool 2 consisting of valve birch portions 33 and 34 connecting a collar 30, a left end collar 31, and a right end collar 32 is attached as shown.

The valve fins 33 and 34 are made thinner than the central flange 30.

Further, as shown in the figure, three packings 35, 36, and 37 are provided with appropriate gaps in the middle brim. The gaps between these packings 35, 36, 37 are such that in the neutral position, the packings 35, 37 compete with the holes 20, 21 in the side walls 5 and 6, respectively, and the packing 36 is located in the center, and the spool 2 is in the left end position. When the packing 36 is located on the side wall 5, the packing 36
is located in the output chamber 7, and the packing 37 is located in the fluid supply chamber 4, that is, in the relationship shown in FIG. , the dimensions of the central collar 30, the positions of the packings 35, 36, 37, and the travel distance of the spool 2 are set on the side walls 5, 6, 9, 10 so that the packing 35 is in the fluid supply chamber 4 and the packing 37 is in the output chamber 8. Do this appropriately depending on the interval.

In the piston chambers 18 and 19, exhaust valves 40 and 50 each having a U-shaped longitudinal section and a cup-like shape as a whole are provided as shown. Discharge valve 40 and discharge valve 5
The inner cylinder part 41 and the inner cylinder part 51 of 0 are respectively connected to the spool 2.
The left end flange 31 and the right end flange 32 can be accommodated, and these flange 31, 32 can be moved within the inner cylindrical parts 41, 51, respectively. The left end brim 31 has an inner cylinder part 4.
A packing 38 for preventing leakage is attached between the right end flange 32 and the inner cylindrical portion 51, and a packing 39 for preventing leakage is attached between the right end flange 32 and the inner cylindrical portion 51. The discharge valve 40 and the discharge valve 50 are also slidable left and right within the piston chamber 18 and the piston chamber 19.
A packing 42 and a packing 52 are respectively provided to prevent leakage between the inner surface of the inner pouch and the inner surface of the inner pouch.

Cup-shaped bottoms 43, 5 of the discharge valves 40 and 50
3 are provided with ventilation holes 44 and 54, and the ventilation hole 44 allows fluid to flow to the left side of the left end collar 31 of the spool 2. The vent hole 54 is provided to allow fluid to flow to the right side of the right end collar 32 of the spool 2. The packing 45 and the packing 55 are in contact with the left and right end surfaces of the side wall 9 and the side wall 10, respectively, and are in contact with the respective end surfaces of the spool holes 22 and 23 forming the spool mounting hole 3 provided in the side wall 9 and the side wall 1. As shown in the figure, they are provided on the cup-shaped ribs of the discharge valves 40 and 50 so as to be located as close as possible.

Lids 60 and 61 are provided on the left and right sides of the main body 1 to block the piston chambers 18 and 19, and signal fluid inlets 62 and 63 are provided in the lids 60 and 61, respectively, so that the signal fluid can be conducted to the piston chambers 18 and 19. ing. When the packing 45 and the packing 55 are supplied with two different signal fluids A and B from the signal fluid supply ports 62 and 63, the outer diameter of the discharge valve 40 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the piston chamber 18. , the packing 45 is connected to the spool hole 22
and the left end surface of the side wall 9,
In addition, since the discharge chamber 11 is normally used to communicate with the atmosphere, a rightward thrust is generated.

Further, due to the above-mentioned dimensional relationship, rightward thrust is still ensured even when fluid pressure from the output row 4 is applied at the neutral position shown in FIG. Similarly, the discharge valve 50' also has a piston chamber 19.
When fluid pressure acts on , a leftward thrust is generated.

Due to these left and right propulsive forces, the discharge valve 40 and the discharge valve 50 operate in tandem with each other in the center. At this time, in relation to the overall length of the spool 2, the packings 45 and 55 are sized and shaped so that they are in contact with the left end surface of the side wall 9 and the right end surface of the side wall 10, respectively.

Packings 45, 55 are thus arranged on side wall 9 and side wall 10.
The valve seat acts as a valve seat. Now, when the signal pressure is acting on the signal fluid inlets 62 and 63 in this way, the discharge valve 4 is in the left end state, and the discharge valve 5 is in the right end state.
The spool 2 is located in a central position as shown in FIG.

If the spool 2 is not in the center position, for example, if it is slightly to the left, the discharge valve 50 will reach the left end position and the packing 55 will hit the right end surface of the side wall 10, losing leftward thrust. As a result, the rightward thrust generated by the discharge valve 401 remains, and this rightward thrust causes the discharge valve 40 and the spool 2 to move to the right, and the packing 4 of the discharge valve 40
5 continues until it touches the left end surface of the side wall 9. Thus, when a fluid signal is acting on the signal fluid inlets 62, 63, the spool 2 and the discharge valves 40, 5 are in the position shown in FIG.
The fluid supplied from the outlet cannot pass through the output ports 14 and 15, and the output port 14 also does not pass through the discharge row 6, and the output row 5 does not pass through the discharge port 17.

This state is the same as the neutral state shown in FIG. 1a.

Next, if only the A signal of the signal fluid inlet 62 is removed, the signal fluid pressure acting from the signal fluid inlet 63 side will be transferred to the guide hole 5.
4 on the right end of the right end collar 32, the spool 2 moves to the left and pushes the discharge valve 40 to the left, to the position shown in FIG. At this time, the fluid supply port 13 communicates with the output row 5, and the output port 15 and the discharge port 17 are closed by the discharge valve 501. It is closed by the packing 36 and the side wall 5, and the output port 14 and the discharge row 6 are connected to the discharge valve 4.
Since 0 is at the left end position, communication is established.

This state becomes the passage state shown in FIG. 1b.

Further, it will be easily understood from the above explanation and FIGS. 3 and 4 that in order to obtain the passage state shown in FIG. 1c, it is sufficient to apply the A signal and remove the B signal pressure. The structure and structure shown in the present invention are extremely simple and compact compared to subordinates having the same type of function.

To summarize the configuration of this invention, a spool having flanges at both ends and the center, a discharge valve attached to the flanges at both ends so as to be slidable with respect to the flanges at both ends, and a signal acting on the discharge valve and the spool. It operates as a three-position valve shown in FIG. 1 by changing thrust due to fluid pressure.

Next, referring to FIG. 5, another embodiment of the present invention will be described.

Instead of applying the A and B fluid signals to the fluid signal inlets 62 and 63, a part of the fluid supplied to the fluid supply port 13 is guided to a small three-boat solenoid valve as shown in FIG. By controlling the piston chamber 18 and the piston chamber 19 and supplying and discharging it, the valve has the function of a 5-boat 3-position center closed type solenoid valve as shown in FIG. 2 by electric signals. Add it.

In FIG. 5, the spool 2 and discharge valves 40, 60 are exactly the same as those shown in FIG. Although some points are different from those shown in FIG. 3, other points are exactly the same as those shown in FIG.

In FIG. 5, the left and right ends of the main body 1 are closed by a lid 70 and a lid 80, and small three-boat solenoid valves 100 and 120 are attached to the lid 70 and the lid 801 as pilot solenoid valves as shown in the figure.

Pilot solenoid valve 100 and pilot solenoid valve 120
The function used is what is called a normally open type, in which fluid flows through the output port when no current is applied, and the fluid at the output port switches to the discharge port when current is applied. is normal. Three boat pilot solenoid valves having such functions are known to have various structures and configurations, and any of these known structures and configurations can be used.

In FIG. 5, the configuration and structure devised by this inventor and shown in previously filed Utility Model Application No. 144715/1984 are illustrated.

In the figure, reference numerals 101 and 121 indicate electromagnet bodies made of magnetic material, and as shown, they have an E-shaped cross section and an inner cylindrical shape that revolves around a central convex section.

At the center of the central convexity 102, 122 is a guide hole 103,
123 is provided, one end of which is provided with a central protrusion 102, 122
Inlet valve seats 104, 124 are formed at the tips of the valves. Further, the ends of the guide holes 103 and 123 are adapted to fit into the guide hole 24 through guide holes 71 and 81 provided in the lid 70 and the lid 801.

The electromagnet bodies 101, 121 include coils 105, 125.
is provided.

A valve chamber 106 is provided inside the electromagnet bodies 101 and 121.
, 126 are provided, and exhaust valve seats 108, 128 are provided in the valve chambers 106, 126 to communicate with the outside, as shown. Valve chamber 10
6,126 has a movable piece 109 made of a magnetic material.
, 129 is equipped with valves 110 and 130 in the center to form the valve chamber 10.
6,126 so as to be movable left and right.

The movable pieces 109, 129 are normally pressed against the discharge valve seats 108, 128 by the first springs 111, 131, and are pressed against the discharge valve seats 108, 128 by the valves 110, 130.
08,128 is closed and the inlet valve seat 104,124
is connected to open.

Guide holes 112 and 132 are provided as shown to allow communication between the valve chambers 106 and 126 and the piston chambers 18 and 19, respectively.

When fluid is supplied from the fluid supply row 3 in such a structure and configuration, a part of the fluid passes through the guide hole 24 and enters the guide hole 71,
103 and the inlet valve seat 104, 1 from the guide hole 81, 123
24 into the valve chambers 106, 126, and the guide holes 112,
132 into the piston chamber 18 and the piston chamber 19, so the subur 2 and the discharge valves 40, 5 take the neutral position as shown in the diagram as explained in FIG. 3, and the flow path is as shown in FIG. It will be shown as a.

When the coil 105 is energized, the electromagnet main body 101 becomes a magnet and attracts the movable piece 109 to the right.

Close the inlet valve seat 104 of the valve 11 and open the discharge valve seat 108. The fluid in the piston chamber 18 is discharged to the outside through the guide hole 112 by the above operation, and the fluid pressure acting on the piston chamber 19 causes the spool 2 and the discharge valve 5 to exert a leftward thrust as shown in FIG. The state of the fluid passage within the main body 1 is as shown in FIG. 2b.

Next, if the coil 105 is de-energized and the coil 125 is energized, the same effect as that of the pilot 3-boat solenoid valve 100 will occur on the pilot solenoid valve 1201,
Fluid pressure is present within the piston chamber 18 and the piston chamber 19
The fluid pressure inside is led to the outside and disappears.

It goes without saying that when the spool 2 and the discharge valve 5 receive a rightward thrust, the state of the flow path in the main body 1 changes as shown in FIG. 2c. Effects In the present invention, the spool 2 is positioned at the left and right positions and the neutral position by the thrust generated by the fluid pressure between the spool 2 and the discharge valves 40 and 5, and this movement does not require any intervention such as a spring.

This greatly contributes to smooth operation from low pressure to high pressure and improved reliability and miniaturization.

As described above, this invention makes it possible to achieve the functions of a complex three-position valve with an extremely simple structure, and since each part has a simple shape and structure, there are no parts that break, and it can be used easily for a long time. It has many advantages: it can perform highly reliable operations, and it can be provided at a lower cost than conventional ones.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Both Figures 1 and 2 show 5-boat, 3-position, center-closed switching valves using JIS B O123 free pressure pneumatic display symbols. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the invention, Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the invention, and Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of another embodiment of the invention. 6 are vertical sectional views of conventional embodiments. Next, 1 is the main body, 2 is the spool, 3 is the spool mounting hole,
4 is a fluid supply chamber, 5 and 6 are side walls, 7 and 8 are output chambers, 9,
10 is a side wall, 11 and 12 are exhaust chambers, 13 is a fluid supply port,
14, 15 are output ports, 16, 17 are exhaust ports, 18, 19
is a piston chamber, 20, 21, 22, 23 are spool holes, 30 is a center flange, 31 is a left end rim, 32 is a right end rim, 33, 34 are valve fins, 35, 36, 37, 38, 3
9 is a packing, 40 is a discharge valve, 41 is an inner cylinder, 42 is a packing, 43 is a cup-shaped bottom, 44 is a ventilation hole, 4
5 is packing, 50 is a discharge valve, 51 is an inner cylinder part,
52 is packing, 53 is a cup-shaped bottom, 54 is a ventilation hole, 55 is packing, 60, 61 is a lid, 62,
63 is a signal fluid inlet, 70G lid, 71 is a guide hole, 80 is a lid, 81 is a guide hole, 10 is a pilot solenoid valve, 101 is an electromagnet body, 102 is a central protrusion, 1
03 is the guide hole, 104 is the inlet valve seat, 105 is the coil, 10
6 is a valve chamber, 107 is a valve body, 108 is a discharge valve seat, 109 is a movable piece, 11 is a valve, 111 is a spring, 112 is a guide hole, 12 is a pilot solenoid valve, 121 is a main body, 122
is the central protrusion, 123 is the guide hole, 124 is the inlet valve seat, 125
1 is a coil, 126 is a valve chamber, 127 is a valve body, 128 is a discharge valve seat, 129 is a movable piece, 13 is a river valve, 131 is a spring, 1
32 is the guide hole, 15 river spool, 151 small piston, 152 large piston, 153 ○ ring, 154
is a lantern ring. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 6 Figure M

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A main body having a fluid supply chamber, one output chamber on each side of the fluid supply chamber with side walls in between, and a discharge chamber and a piston chamber outside the output chamber with side walls in between. , a spool having flanges at both left and right ends and at the center is fitted so as to be slidable left and right, a pot-shaped discharge valve is provided in each of the piston chambers, and an inner cylindrical portion of the discharge valve is located at each left and right end. A 5-port, 3-position, center-closed type switching valve, in which the collar of the spool is slidably fitted, and a valve seat is provided on the open edge of the spool. 2. The 5-port 3-position center closed type switching valve according to claim 1, characterized in that a small pilot solenoid valve integrated into the valve is provided. 3. The 5-port, 3-position valve according to claim 1, characterized in that a spool with a flange and a socket-shaped discharge valve are provided at both left and right ends and at the central portion, which are operated by a pressure signal from the outside. Closed center switching valve.