JPS6033527B2 - Continuous atomization method for cationic surfactants - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for continuously supplying a cationic surfactant into water to atomize it.

In general, cationic surfactants have excellent softening effects on clothing;
Among these, dioctadecyldimethylammonium chloride, which is a quaternary ammonium salt, and di-tallow dimethylammonium chloride, which contains dioctadecyldimethylammonium chloride as a main component, are particularly widely used as fabric softeners. In addition to these quaternary ammonium salts, cationic surfactants such as phosphonium salts represented by and amide/amine salts represented by the general formula are also known to have excellent softening effects.

．． These surfactants have a hydrophobic last-chain alkyl group, so they have excellent adsorption properties to clothing, but many of them are water-soluble due to their hydrophobic groups.
To make them easier to use as softeners, most of these surfactants are dispersed in water, and nonionic surfactants, organic salts, inorganic salts, etc. are added as anti-gelling agents to improve low-temperature stability. The viscosity is adjusted to 50 to 30 p by adding alcohol or the like as an improver.

The softening effect of cationic surfactants on clothing is proportional to the amount of surfactant adsorbed onto clothing, and the amount of cationic surfactant adsorbed onto clothing depends on its particle size. The smaller the number, the more it can be concluded that fine particles are better in softening effect.

However, as mentioned above, many cationic surfactants exhibit scale solubility in water, and when a cationic surfactant comes into contact with water, its surface becomes a liquid crystal structure, which increases the viscosity of the surface and turns it into a viscous liquid. , atomization becomes extremely difficult.

In other words, many synthetic surfactants have a liquid crystal structure above a certain concentration, and although the interaction between molecules is weak, this liquid crystal is a crystalline liquid with a regular arrangement of molecules, so it cannot be used in ordinary aqueous solutions or liquid crystals. It is known to have unique properties compared to solid melts, and often forms a viscous liquid.

In the case of quaternary ammonium salts, for example, dioctadecyldimethylammonium chloride and didodecyldimethylammonium chloride are reported to have wide liquid crystal regions, as is clear from the phase diagrams in Figures 1 and 2, respectively. There is. When a quaternary ammonium salt with such properties is added to water (hot water), its surface comes into contact with the water and reaches the temperature-concentration range of the liquid crystal region, which causes the surface of the quaternary ammonium salt to become liquid crystal. structure or similar structure, and becomes sticky steel, making it difficult to make fine particles. In the production of a softener using a cationic surfactant having the above-mentioned properties, for example, melted di-tallow dimethyl ammonium chloride whose main component is dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride or a mixture thereof is added with an anti-gelling agent, etc. A method is being explored in which the compound is added to hot water containing 50 to 6,000 ml of water and dispersed using a thickener having a dispersion function, such as a paddle-type ferry or a propeller-type lantern.

However, as mentioned above, the viscosity of the quaternary ammonium salt increases when it comes into contact with water, so it is difficult to atomize the cationic surfactant into good particles using the above-mentioned general scaler. In order to obtain particularly fine particles, it is necessary to use a special emulsifying machine such as a homogenizer that rotates small oak leaves at high speed. There were major problems in putting it into practical use, such as a small amount of water and poor overall mixing ability within the tank itself. Accordingly, the present inventors investigated the characteristics of cationic surfactants, particularly quaternary ammonium salts, during dispersion and found that they have the following properties.

In other words, it is generally believed that fly buoyancy (rotation speed of the sea bream wing) and rope suspension time are two factors that affect the degree of emulsification and dispersion.For example, when dispersing carbon tetrachloride into water, the dispersion time is The particle size tends to become smaller as the length increases.

However, when dispersing a cationic surfactant, such as dioctadecyldimethylammonium chloride, in water (hot water), this is different; the first impact (dispersion force) applied to the dioctadecyldimethylammonium chloride is
The size of the particles is almost determined by the strength of the impact or how the impact is applied, and even if the dispersion time is extended thereafter, there is almost no change in the particle size. In other words, in order to further refine a cationic surfactant that has been subjected to a dispersion operation, it is necessary to apply an extremely strong shearing force. It was concluded that it is effective to quickly disperse the material before it forms a liquid crystal structure. The present invention has been made based on the above findings, and the present invention has been made under the following conditions: Since it becomes a liquid, contact with water before dispersion should be avoided as much as possible.'B) The dispersion force applied at the beginning has a large effect on the particle size, so when it comes into contact with water, it becomes a viscous liquid and is finely dispersed. In order to achieve good atomization of the cationic surfactant, we installed a rotating flywheel inside the water supply pipe, keeping in mind the following two points: supply the water to the concentrated Azusa blade quickly before it becomes difficult. A line mixer equipped with the above is provided, and a cationic surfactant is continuously supplied into the pipe at a position close to the rope frame blade on the upstream side thereof,
This is characterized in that it is continuously atomized by being rolled up into the above-mentioned trapping blades.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to the drawings.

Figures 3 and 4 show an example of a dispersion device for carrying out the present invention, in which a heat exchanger (not shown) or the like is used in the pipe 1 to raise the temperature to the dispersion temperature in advance. distribute water,
The supply port 3 of the supply pipe 2 for supplying the cationic surfactant into the pipe 1 is connected to the supply port 3, and the cationic surfactant is continuously supplied to the water flowing inside the pipe 1.

At a position downstream of and close to the supply port 3 for the cationic surfactant, there is a rotating shaft 5 that is rotationally driven by a motor.
The cationic surfactant added to the water is immediately caught up in the flywheel blade 6, broken down and atomized, and the resulting dispersion aqueous solution is Flows out to the outlet. The above-mentioned fly azusa blade 6 can be selected with emphasis on the uneven fragmentation effect without considering the mixing effect as in the case of in-tank processing, and the cation interface In order to make the activator sufficiently fine, a blade that can be used at a circumferential speed of the tip of the blade of 5/sec or higher is used.In addition to the propeller type shown in Figures 3 and 4, Figure and 6th
It is preferable to use a line mixer 4 having a rope azusa blade that rotates at high speed, such as the disper type shown in the figure, the fan turbine type shown in Figs. 7 and 8, and the inclined type shown in Figs. 9 and 10. preferable. In addition, in these drawings, the third
The same or corresponding parts as those shown in the figures and FIG. 4 are given the same reference numerals. In addition, it is necessary that the Nohai wing 6 be formed so as to be able to entrain the entire amount of the cationic surfactant supplied thereto, and for this purpose, the rope azusa wing must have a size that covers the entire inner diameter of the flow. However, if a diaphragm 8 is arranged between the supply port 3 and the rope wing 6 as shown in FIG. 5, for example, a diaphragm smaller than the inner diameter of the distributor can also be used. Furthermore, the supply port 3 for the cationic surfactant may be provided by installing a single supply pipe 2 at the center of the suction side as shown in FIG. 3, or by installing a plurality of supply ports 3 on the suction side as shown in FIG. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 12, it can be installed on the suction side toward one side with respect to the center.

The distance between the supply port 3 and the Kenazusa blade 6 is controlled by the time from when the cationic surfactant and water come into contact until they are dispersed by the Kenazusa blade, and the degree of mixing due to flow turbulence during that time. It is usually better to set the flea d to 100 times or less than the flea d of the damaged azusa wing 6, preferably 5 melon or less, and more preferably 3M
The following are suitable. FIG. 13 shows the particle size when the cationic surfactant is dispersed by changing the distance between the crossing blade 6 and the cationic surfactant supply port 3 using the apparatus shown in FIG. 9. be.

From this result, there is a limit for atomization of the cationic surfactant at a position of approximately 10M, and in order to obtain 60% or more of particles of 0.45r or less, the distance between the cation supply port 3 and the Azusa blade 6 is required. is preferably within 5, and furthermore, 0.
It can be seen that in order to obtain 85% or more of particles with a particle size of 45 or less, it is preferable to set it within 3. As described above, in the method of the present invention, the cationic surfactant is deposited at a position close to the rope, so the cationic surfactant contacts or mixes with water to form a liquid crystal structure before dispersion treatment. By using this method, it is possible to avoid the formation of a viscous liquid as much as possible, and unlike the batch type, there is no need to consider the mixing capacity of the entire tank. It is possible to obtain a dispersion liquid in which the cationic surfactant is uniformly atomized by applying a strong scale shearing force necessary for atomization at the initial stage of the dispersion treatment by increasing the rotational speed or by increasing the rotation speed. can be continuously added to water and supplied to the line mixer, making it possible to process large amounts of water.

Furthermore, when dispersing cationic surfactants continuously in this way, by constantly measuring the properties of the dispersion liquid (mainly viscosity), if the properties deviate from the management goals, the dispersion conditions (mainly viscosity) can be checked. It is also possible to quickly bring it within the management target by changing the blade rotation speed).

Cationic surfactants are used not only for the softening of clothing as mentioned above, but also for various other purposes, such as water repellents such as floor polishes and curling agents, and antistatic agents for textiles. In such cases, it is effective to micronize the cationic surfactant in water.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described.

Example 1 The three winged enemies shown in Figure 11? Using a device in which 12 cationic surfactant supply ports were opened two yards apart from the rope azusa blades in a pipe in which a propeller-type azusa blade 6 was installed, polyoxyethylene, which is an anti-gelling agent, was pre-injected. Alkyl phenyl ether (0.5%) and ethylene glycol (5%) as a low temperature stabilizer in hot water heated to 5030 and di-tallow dimethylammonium chloride (5%) heated to 60 qo. The cationic surfactant dispersion is continuously supplied to the mesh blade which rotates at 5000 times per minute.
Obtained at a ratio of k9.

When the particles of the dispersion obtained by this method were measured using a Millipore filter, it was confirmed that 85% of the particles were 0.45 or less. In addition, as shown in FIG. 14, the cationic surfactant supply port 3
As shown in FIG. When the cationic surfactant was supplied using a device equipped with 10, and the condensing blade rotation speed, temperature, and supply conditions were the same as in the above example, 27% of the particles were 0.45 French or less; It was 12%.

Example 2 A single cationic surfactant supply port was installed in a pipe with a disper-type light wing with a blade diameter of 4 meters as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, 4 meters apart from the rope wing. Using a heated equipment, the mixture was preheated to 5000 ℃, containing polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether (0.5%) as an anti-gelling agent, and ethylene glycol (5%) as a low temperature stabilizer. Warm water and dimethylammonium chloride (5%) heated to 60°C were continuously supplied to a Takaazusa blade rotating at 6000 revolutions per minute to obtain a cationic surfactant dispersion at a rate of 950k9 per hour. .

As a result of particle measurement of this dispersion using a Millipore filter,
It was confirmed that 92% of particles of 0.45 or less could be produced. In addition, when the cationic surfactant was supplied by the method shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 with the same number of rotations, temperature, and supply conditions as in the above example, the particles of 0.45 r or less were 37 %, 21%. Example 3 Four cationic surfactant supply ports were installed in the piping in which the fan turbine-type Toazusa blade was installed on the side of the blade diameter shown in Figures 7 and 8, and were placed 6 ratios apart from the Hinazusa blade. Using a Sekiguchi equipment, the mixture was heated to 50°C, containing polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether (0.5%) as an anti-gelling agent, and ethylene glycol (5%) as a low-temperature stabilizer. The cationic surfactant dispersion was obtained at a rate of 1200k9/hour by continuously supplying hot water heated to 6000°C and dimethylammonium chloride (5%) heated to 6000°C to a Hinazusa blade rotating at 6500rpm. Ta.

As a result of measuring the particle size of this dispersion using a Millipore filter, it was confirmed that 88% of particles with a size of 0.45 or less could be produced. In addition, when the cationic surfactant is supplied by the method shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 with the same Watazusa blade rotation speed, temperature, and supply conditions as in the above example,
Particles with a particle diameter of 0.45 or less were 29% and 15%. Example 4 A single cationic surfactant supply port was installed at a distance of 50 meters from the rope azusa wing in the piping in which the oblique type azusa wing with a wing diameter of 2 kaku0 shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 was installed. and hot water preheated to 50% and containing polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether (0.5%) as an anti-gelling agent and ethylene glycol (5%) as a low temperature stabilizer. and dimethylammonium chloride heated to 60°C (
A cationic surfactant dispersion liquid was obtained at a rate of 400k9/hour by continuously supplying a cationic surfactant dispersion liquid (5%) to a Touzusa wing that rotates at a rate of 800M per minute.

When particles of the dispersion prepared by this method were measured using a Millipore filter, it was confirmed that 90% of particles of 0.45 μm or less could be produced. In addition, when the cationic surfactant is supplied by the method shown in FIG. 14 with the same conditions as the fly Azusa blade rotation speed, temperature, and feeder house conditions as in the above example, 0.4
Particles with a diameter of 5 or less were 31%. In addition, when the Takatomo blade, the blade rotation speed, temperature, and supply conditions are the same as in the above example, and a single cationic surfactant supply port is opened 110 mm away from the Nawaazusa blade, 0 78% particles smaller than .45mm
Similarly, when the cationic surfactant supply port was provided 2,000 degrees apart, the particles of 0.45r or less accounted for 51%.

FIG. 16 shows an example of an apparatus for carrying out the present invention, in which water is heated to a dispersion temperature by a heat exchanger 12 and supplied to the pipe 1, while the cationic surfactant is supplied to the supply port 3 of the supply pipe 2. The water flowing through the pipe 1 is continuously supplied from the water. In the line mixer 4, the cationic surfactant added to the water is caught in the foot azusa blade 6 that is rotationally driven by the motor M, and is atomized into fine particles.The cationic surfactant dispersion thus obtained is It flows out from the outlet 13 of the mixer 4. In the figure, 14 is a mechanical seal for the shaft 5.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a dioctadecyldimethylammonium chloride-aqueous phase equilibrium diagram, Figure 2 is a didodecyldimethylammonium chloride aqueous phase equilibrium diagram, Figures 3 and 4, Figures 5 and 6, and Figure 7. 8, 9 and 10 are respectively sectional views of the atomizing device used in different embodiments of the present invention and front views of its condensing blades, and FIGS. 11 and 12 are respectively shown in the present invention. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the atomization device used in yet another embodiment of the invention, and is a line showing the relationship between the distance between the cationic surfactant supply port and the rope wing and the particle size of the surfactant. 14 and 15 are schematic diagrams each showing a comparative example with the present invention, and FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an apparatus implementing the present invention. 1...Piping, 4...Line mixer,
6...Touazusa Tsubasa. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 12 Figure 13 Figure 14 Figure 15 Figure 16

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A line mixer equipped with a rotating stirring blade is installed in the water supply pipe, and a cationic surfactant is continuously supplied into the pipe at a position close to the stirring blade on the upstream side. A method for continuously atomizing a cationic surfactant, characterized in that the cationic surfactant is continuously atomized by being rolled into the stirring blade.